Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of clastic meta-sedimentary rocks associated with the Yuanjiacun BIF from the Lüliang Complex, North China

Wang, Changle; Zhang, Lianchang; Dai, Yanpei; Chen, Lan

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2014.11.015

Cited by 45 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…A dynamic redoxcline must have separated the oxic upper part of the water column from suboxic to anoxic deeper parts. This redox stratification, in combination with the formational age of the Yuanjiacun BIF (~2.38-2.21 Ga; Liu et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2015), is consistent with global atmospheric oxygenation that occurred between 2.4 and 2.2 Ga Konhauser et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Bif Depositional Modelsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Most recently, Liu et al (2014) obtained the youngest detrital zircon age of ~2205 Ma for metasedimentary rocks in the middle part of the Yuanjiacun Formation, and crystallization ages of 2209 to 2178 Ma for mafic metavolcanic rocks of the Jinzhouyu and Dujiagou Formations. Moreover, Wang et al (2015) conducted a similar geochronological study on the metasedimentary rocks intercalated with the Yuanjiacun BIF and obtained the youngest zircon age (n = 5) of 2384 ± 45 Ma. Considering that there exists a potential depositional gap characterized by a disconformity between the Peijiazhuang and Jinzhouyu Formations (Tian et al, 1986;Yu et al, 1997), we suggest that the age of the Yuanjiacun Formation is thus constrained to the Paleoproterozoic (~2.38-2.21 Ga).…”

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous work (Shen et al, 1982;Tian et al, 1986;Zhu and Zhang, 1987;Shen, 1998;Wang et al, 2014Wang et al, , 2015 on geologic aspects suggested that the BIFs are Superior type (e.g., Gross, 1980; see also because they are laterally extensive and closely associated with clastic sedimentary rocks, and likely formed on passive margins. In addition, based on detailed geochronological studies of the overlying metavolcanic rocks and interbedded clastic metasedimentary rocks Lui et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2015), the depositional age of the Yuanjiacun BIF can be constrained to ~2.38 to 2.21 Ga, which contrasts with the general paucity of giant BIF deposition worldwide during the time interval of 2.4 to 2.0 Ga (Isley and Abbott, 1999;Bekker et al, 2010). Therefore, this terrane offers the possibility to directly study the geochemical characteristics of BIF that formed during the pronounced rise of atmospheric oxygen between 2.4 to 2.2 Ga Hannah et al, 2004;Konhauser et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Depositional Environment of the Paleoproterozoic Yuanjiacun Banded Iron Formation in Shanxi Province, China

Wang¹,

Konhauser²,

Zhang³

2015

Economic Geology

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The Paleoproterozoic (~2.38-2.21 Ga) Yuanjiacun banded iron formation (BIF), located in Shanxi Province, is a Superior-type BIF in the North China craton. This BIF is within a metasedimentary rock succession of the Yuanjiacun Formation, in the lower Lüliang Group, which has undergone lower greenschist-facies metamorphism. Iron oxide (magnetite and hematite), carbonate, and silicate facies are all present within the iron-rich layers. The eastward transition from carbonate-into oxide-facies iron formations is accompanied by a change in mineralogical composition from siderite in the west through magnetite-ankerite and magnetite-stilpnomelane assemblages in the transition zone to magnetite and then hematite in the east. These distinct lateral facies are also observed vertically within the BIF, i.e., the iron mineral assemblage changes upsection from siderite through magnetite into hematite-rich iron formation. The oxide-facies BIF formed near shore, whereas carbonate (siderite)-and silicate-facies assemblages formed in deeper waters. Based on detailed analyses of these variations on a basinal scale, the BIF precipitated during a transgressive event within an environment that ranged from deep waters below storm wave base to relatively shallow waters. The BIF samples display distinctively seawater-like REEs + Y profiles that are characterized by positive La and Y anomalies and HREEs enrichment relative to LREEs in Post-Archean Australian shale-normalized diagrams. Consistently positive Eu anomalies are also observed, which are typical of reduced, high-temperature hydrothermal fluids. In addition, slightly negative to positive Ce anomalies, and a large range in ratios of light to heavy REEs, are present in the oxide-facies BIF. These characteristics, in combination with consistently positive δ 56 Fe values, suggest that deposition of the BIF took place along the chemocline where upwelling of deep, anoxic, iron-and silicarich hydrothermal fluids mixed with shallower and slightly oxygenated seawater. The ankerite displays highly depleted δ 13 C values and the carbonate-rich BIF has a high content of organic carbon, suggesting dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction of a ferric oxyhydroxide precursor during burial of biomass deposited from the water column; that same biomass was likely tied to the original oxidation of dissolved Fe(II). The fact that the more ferric BIF facies formed in shallower waters suggests that river-sourced nutrients would have been minimal, thus limiting primary productivity in the shallow waters and minimizing the organic carbon source necessary for reducing the hematite via dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction. By contrast, in deeper waters more proximal to the hydrothermal vents, nutrients were abundant, and high biomass productivity was coupled to increased carbon burial, leading to the deposition of iron-rich carbonates. The deposition of the Yuanjiacun BIF during the onset of the Great Oxidation Event (GOE; ca. 2.4-2.2 Ga) confirms that deep marine waters during this time period were still episodically fe...

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Section: Bif Depositional Modelsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Depositional Environment of the Paleoproterozoic Yuanjiacun Banded Iron Formation in Shanxi Province, China

Wang¹,

Konhauser²,

Zhang³

2015

Economic Geology

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Fig. 5a shows that most of the Tuolie Formation samples lie along a fairly tight cluster at right angles to the A-K boundary, and the Plagioclase Index of Alteration (PIA) is similar to CIA, consistent with the result of meta-sedimentary rocks in the Lüliang Complex (Wang et al, 2015b). This suggests that the source rocks are not affected by severe K-metasomatism (Fedo et al, 1995).…”

Section: Source Area Weatheringsupporting

confidence: 53%

Provenance and depositional setting of Lower Silurian siliciclastic rocks on Hainan Island, South China: Implications for a passive margin environment of South China in Gondwana

Zou

et al. 2016

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

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“…Alkali and alkaline earth elements such as Na, K, Ca, and Mg are liable to leach during the processes of weathering, transportation from the source area to the depositional site, and diagenesis; in contrast, Ti and Al remain in their residual constituents during these processes (Hayashi, Hiroyuki, Heinrich, & Ohmoto, ; Nesbitt & Markovics, ; Paikaray et al, ; Tao, Wang, Yang, & Jiang, ). The Al 2 O 3 /TiO 2 ratio is also used as an index to infer the provenance of sedimentary rocks (Hayashi et al, ; Paikaray et al, ; Wang, Zhang, Dai, & Lan, ). According to Hayashi et al (), the Al 2 O 3 /TiO 2 ratio varies from 3 to 8 for mafic rocks, ~8 to 21 for intermediate rocks, and ~21 to 70 for felsic igneous rocks.…”

Section: Provenancementioning

confidence: 99%

Petrography and geochemistry of Oligocene to Lower Miocene sandstones in the Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea: Provenance, source area weathering, and tectonic setting

Chen

et al. 2018

Geological Journal

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There is a controversy regarding the source area and weathering intensity of Oligocene to Lower Miocene sediments in the Baiyun Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin.Detrital modes, geochemistry, heavy mineral data, and detrital zircon U-Pb ages were analysed to understand the provenance, source area weathering, and tectonic setting of Oligocene to Lower Miocene sandstones in the Baiyun Sag. Petrographic data reveal that the sandstones were derived from a recycled orogen. With increasing transport distance, sediment maturity increased correspondingly. The Oligocene to Lower Miocene sandstones in the Baiyun Sag have low compositional maturity and have experienced low to moderate weathering. The sediments of the Zhuhai Formation have experienced relatively strong weathering intensity compared with those of the Enping and lower Zhujiang formations. Due to low degree of illitization and differences in the geochemical compositions of the sediments, the continental island arc data from different boreholes in the Baiyun Sag are more irregularly distributed in the A-CN-K plot. The modal composition (e.g., quartz, feldspar, and lithic fragments) and geochemical indices (Al 2 O 3 /TiO 2 ratio; Al 2 O 3 -TiO 2 diagram; discriminant F1-F2 diagram; Eu/Eu*, La/Sc, La/Co, Th/Sc, and Th/Co ratios; Hf-La/Th and La/Sc-Co/Th diagrams; and rare earth element patterns) indicate that the sediments in the Baiyun Sag are mainly derived from felsic source rocks. Although the uplift around the Baiyun Sag includes multistage magmatism and basic rocks, it has little influence on the sediment in the depression, and no sediments were transported by the Han River to the Baiyun Sag. Geochemical data and detrital zircon U-Pb ages suggest that the Pearl River was formed in the Early Oligocene and became the main source for the sediments in this area. The river carried felsic material from the South China Coast forming a large delta on the northern slope of the Baiyun Sag. The ratios of Eu/Eu*, La/Sc, La/ Co, Th/Sc and Th/Co, and heavy mineral data indicate that the sediments transported by the Pearl River to the Baiyun Sag were changed from the arc-dominated coastal zone to the interior of the South China Block during the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene and even reached the south-eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (West Yunnan Plateau). The La-Th-Sc and Th-Sc-Zr/10 diagrams suggest that the provenance of these sandstones is evolved continental island arc or an active continental margin setting.

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Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of clastic meta-sedimentary rocks associated with the Yuanjiacun BIF from the Lüliang Complex, North China

Cited by 45 publications

References 60 publications

Depositional Environment of the Paleoproterozoic Yuanjiacun Banded Iron Formation in Shanxi Province, China

Depositional Environment of the Paleoproterozoic Yuanjiacun Banded Iron Formation in Shanxi Province, China

Provenance and depositional setting of Lower Silurian siliciclastic rocks on Hainan Island, South China: Implications for a passive margin environment of South China in Gondwana

Petrography and geochemistry of Oligocene to Lower Miocene sandstones in the Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea: Provenance, source area weathering, and tectonic setting

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