“…The final closure of the Paleo–South China Ocean occurred in the early Paleozoic along the Qinzhou–Hangzhou juncture belt (HQJB) that located at the junction of the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks (Gilder et al, 1996; Qi et al, 2016; Yang et al, 2012), resulting in the collision between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks (Figure 9e). The main evidences are as follows: (1) the significant differences in the early Paleozoic sedimentary and biological assemblages suggest an early Paleozoic ocean between the Cathaysia and Yangtze blocks (Wu et al, 2020); (2) early Paleozoic accretionary complex (Ge et al, 2020; Li et al, 2022; Lu et al, 2020; Yang & Jiang, 2019; Zhao et al, 2019; Zhao et al, 2020), island‐arc magmatism (Liu et al, 2020; Yao et al, 2012; Zhang et al, 2016; Zhao et al, 2019) and SSZ‐type ophiolites (Li et al, 2022; Yang & Jiang, 2019) within the Cathaysia Block indicate that the Cathaysia Block is impossible as a unified block to collide with the Yangtze Block in the Neoproterozoic; and (3) extensive early Paleozoic amphibolite–granulite facies metamorphism and migmatism (Li et al, 2010; Tong et al, 2021; Wan et al, 2007) occurred below the Devonian angular unconformity in the Cathaysia Block (Figure 9e).…”