Geochronology of the most recent activity in the Sabatini Volcanic District, Roman Province, central Italy

Sottili, Gianluca; Palladino, Danilo M.; Marra, Fabrizio; Jicha, Brian R.; Karner, Daniel B.; Renne, Paul R.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.07.003

Cited by 67 publications

(148 citation statements)

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“…The only previously available study on specific SVD hydromagmatic centres (de Rita and Zanetti 1986) focused on the degree of magma-water explosive interaction as related to the local substrate characteristics, whilst Sottili et al (2010a) provided a general stratigraphic and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronologic setting for most of the SVD maars. New field and laboratory data on the eruption successions show that SVD hydromagmatic centres encompass a wide variety of crater sizes and morphologies, deposit architectures and subsurface rock types, suggesting in turn different depths and modes of magma-water explosive interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins and energetics of maar volcanoes: examples from the ultrapotassic Sabatini Volcanic District (Roman Province, Central Italy)

et al. 2011

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Maar volcanoes represent a common volcano type which is produced by the explosive interaction of magma with external water. Here, we provide information on a number of maars in the ultrapotassic Sabatini Volcanic District (SVD, Roman Province) as young as similar to 90 ka. The SVD maars are characterised in terms of crater and ejecta ring morphologies, eruptive successions and magma compositions, in light of the local substrate settings, with the aim of assessing magma-water interaction conditions, eruption energetics and genetic mechanisms. Feeder magmas spanned the whole SVD differentiation trend from trachybasalts-shoshonites to phonolites. From the ejected lithic fragments from aquifer rocks, the range of depth of magma-water explosive interaction is estimated to have been mostly at similar to 400-600 m below ground level, with a single occurrence of surficial interaction in palustrine-lacustrine environment. In particular, the interaction with external water may have triggered the explosive behaviour of poorly differentiated magmas, whereas it may have acted only as a late controlling factor of the degree of fragmentation and eruption style for the most differentiated magma batches during low-flux ascent in an incipiently fragmented state. Crater sizes, ejecta volumes and ballistic data allow a reconstruction of the energy budget of SVD maar-forming eruptions. Erupted tephra volumes from either monogenetic or polygenetic maars ranged 0.004-0.07 km(3) during individual maar-forming eruptions, with corresponding total magma thermal energies of 8 x 10(15)-4 x 10(17) J. Based on energy partitioning and volume balance of erupted magmas and lithic fractions vs. crater holes, we consider the different contributions of explosive excavation of the substrate vs. subsidence in forming the SVD maar craters. Following available models based on crater sizes, highly variable fractions (5-50%) of the magma thermal energies would have been required for crater excavation. It appears that subsidence may have played a major role in some SVD maars characterised by low lithic contents, whilst substrate excavation became increasingly significant with increasing degrees of aquifer fragmentation

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins and energetics of maar volcanoes: examples from the ultrapotassic Sabatini Volcanic District (Roman Province, Central Italy)

et al. 2011

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“…0.6 Ma (cfr. Karner et al, 2001;Sottili et al, 2010). Based on these observations, the fossiliferous level with the hippopotamus could be chronologically related to a time span between 0.9 and 0.6 Ma.…”

Section: Stratigraphy Of Monte Delle Piche and Stratigraphic Positionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The area of the Roman Basin (Rome, Central Italy) have been object of several investigations by Volcanologists, Geologists and Palaeontologists because the peculiarity of its rocks and the richness of late Early and Middle Pleistocene fossil assemblages (Ponzi, 1878;Meli, 1896;Portis, 1896;Conato et al, 1980;Esu, 1982;Caloi & Palombo, 1986, 1994Kotsakis et al, 1992;De Rita et al, 1995;Marra et al, , 1998Milli, 1997;Caloi et al, 1998;Capasso Barbato et al, 1998;Di Stefano et al, 1998;Petronio & Sardella, 1999;Karner et al, 2001;Milli & Palombo, 2005;Cosentino et al, 2009;Sottili et al, 2010 and references therein; Petronio et al, 2011 and references therein). This area is the result of several geological processes and is characterised by Plio-Pleistocene depositionary sequences usually covered by volcanoclastic deposits (Conato et al, 1980;Caloi et al, 1998;Karner et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insight into the Pleistocene deposits of Monte delle Piche, Rome, and remarks on the biochronology of <em>Hippopotamus</em> (Mammalia, Hippopotamidae) and <em>Stephanorhinus etruscus</em> (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) in Italy

Pandolfi¹,

Grossi²,

Frezza³

2015

Estud. geol.

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Commons Attribution-Non Commercial (by-nc) Spain 3.0 Licence. Erratum Pandolfi, L. et al. (2015). New insight into the Pleistocene deposits of Monte delle Piche, Rome, and remarks on the biochronology of Hippopotamus (Mammalia, Hippopotamidae) and Stephanorhinus etruscus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) ABSTRACTSeveral large mammal assemblages have been collected in the Roman basin since the XIX century, but they usually lack any stratigraphic datum or details about the fossiliferous localities. In this work, the stratigraphic provenance of large mammal remains discovered at Monte delle Piche (Rome) is investigated. The systematic revision of these specimens allows the recording of the presence of Hippopotamus sp., Stephanorhinus sp. and Stephanorhinus etruscus. On the basis of micropalaeontological analysis performed on sediment sampled from the studied specimens and considering the stratigraphy of the area, two fossiliferous levels are recognised at Monte delle Piche.The remain of the hippopotamus was collected in fluvial gravels and sand deposits, in which the presence of Cyprideis is also recorded. This deposit is chronologically related to the latest Early-early Middle Pleistocene. Hippopotamus was present in Italy and Western Europe from the latest Villafranchian to MIS 4/3. The mandible of S. etruscus was collected in marine deposits along with abundant foraminifera and ostracods, which correlate with the late Early Pleistocene. Stephanorhinus etruscus occurred in Western Europe at the beginning of the Villafranchian, and it was documented until the end of the Villafranchian in Italy and until the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition in the Iberian Peninsula.Keywords: Hippopotamus; Stephanorhinus etruscus; Biochronology; Early Pleistocene; Monte delle Piche; Italy. RESUMENDesde el siglo XIX varias colecciones de mamíferos han sido recolectadas en la cuenca de Roma, aunque normalmente existen carencias en los datos estratigráficos o en la localización de los yacimientos. En este trabajo, se ha estudiado la posición estratigráfica de grandes mamíferos descubiertos en el Monte delle Piche (Roma).

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“…The so-called "Campagna Romana" is a relatively large, flat zone around Rome (central Italy) crossed by the Tiber River and bounded at the southwest by the Tyrrhenian Sea, at the east by the Pre-Apennine, at the north by the Sabatini Volcanic District (SVD) and at south-southeast by the Colli Albani Volcanic District (Di Stefano et al 1998;Petronio & Sardella 1999;Petronio et al 2011;Sottili et al 2010Sottili et al , 2011, and references therein). The rocks outcropping in the Campagna Romana are represented by PlioPleistocene sedimentary sequences partly covered by the volcanic products of the above-mentioned volcanic districts.…”

Section: Geological Setting and Selecting Vertebrate-bearing Sites Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a wide spectrum of ultrapotassic magma compositions (e.g., Masotta et al 2010, Sottili et al 2011. The available volcanologic and geochronologic data (e.g., Sottili et al 2010) show that the SVD volcanism included a variety of eruption types during three main periods of activity: 1) the oldest period (ca 0.800-0.510 Ma) took place from the Morlupo source area, located in the eastern SVD sector, and emplaced voluminous pyroclastic successions (including the major Tufo Giallo della Via Tiberina pyroclastic succession; Table 1); 2) the intermediate period emplaced several Plinian fall deposits and the main Tufo Rosso a Scorie Nere from the southern Sabatini source area (ca 0.510-0.420 Ma) as well as the Tufo di Bracciano (ca 0.310 Ma) and the Tufo Giallo di Sacrofano (0.285 ± 0.01 Ma) caldera-forming eruptions from the present day Lake Bracciano depression and the Sacrofano Caldera; 3) the most recent period of activity (at least until ca 90 ka) was sourced around the Bracciano and Sacrofano calderas in the central-northern SVD area and was characterised by dominant hydromagmatic and subordinate strombolian/effusive activities from either scattered or clustered monogenetic centres. The SVD volcanic succession results correlate with the unconformity-bounded-stratigraphic units recently defined for the sedimentary terrains of coastalmarine to continental environments (i.e., Sottili et al 2010).…”

Section: Geological Setting and Selecting Vertebrate-bearing Sites Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

The skull of Stephanorhinus hemitoechus, paleobiogeography, biochronology, Middle Pleistocene, Campagna Romana, Sabatini Volcanic District

Pandolfi¹,

Gaeta²,

Petronio³

2012

Bull. Geosci.

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A fragmentary rhinoceros skull from the "Campagna Romana" was analysed. The results of morphometrical and morphological analysis identify the skull as Stephanorhinus hemitoechus. The petrography and geochemistry of the volcanoclastic sediments containing the rhinoceros skull indicate that its geographic provenance is the northern area of Rome (between the Tiber River and the southern area of the Sabatini Volcanic District). The textural and geochemical features of white pumice indicate that the volcanoclastic sediments were deposited at ca 500 ka during the MIS13. A revision of the earliest records of S. hemitoechus in Europe reveals that the skull from Campagna Romana is the earliest record of the species. The time and spatial collocation of this occurrence postdate the diffusion of S. hemitoechus in the Mediterranean Basin, most likely due to the favourable climate. Successively, the species becomes common in the rest of western and northern Europe and reached its maximal geographic extension during MIS5.•

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Geochronology of the most recent activity in the Sabatini Volcanic District, Roman Province, central Italy

Cited by 67 publications

References 25 publications

Origins and energetics of maar volcanoes: examples from the ultrapotassic Sabatini Volcanic District (Roman Province, Central Italy)

Origins and energetics of maar volcanoes: examples from the ultrapotassic Sabatini Volcanic District (Roman Province, Central Italy)

New insight into the Pleistocene deposits of Monte delle Piche, Rome, and remarks on the biochronology of <em>Hippopotamus</em> (Mammalia, Hippopotamidae) and <em>Stephanorhinus etruscus</em> (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) in Italy

The skull of Stephanorhinus hemitoechus, paleobiogeography, biochronology, Middle Pleistocene, Campagna Romana, Sabatini Volcanic District

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