Geodesic Lenses for Guided Optical Waves

Righini, Giancarlo C.; Russo, V.; Sottini, S.; Francia, G. Toraldo di

doi:10.1364/ao.12.001477

Cited by 58 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Concepts have been discussed for lenses [3,4], mirrors [5], prisms [6], but also for complex lens-systems [7], or entire spectrometers [8]. When looked at from a direction perpendicular to the slab plane ("top view"), the relevant interfaces are either straight, or merely slightly curved, permitting a description of the in-plane wave propagation in terms of geometrical optics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oblique incidence of semi-guided waves on rectangular slab waveguide discontinuities: A vectorial QUEP solver

Hammer

2015

Optics Communications

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The incidence of thin-film-guided, in-plane unguided waves at oblique angles on straight discontinuities of dielectric slab waveguides, an early problem of integrated optics, is being reconsidered. The 3-D frequency domain Maxwell equations reduce to a parametrized inhomogeneous vectorial problem on a 2-D computational domain, with transparent-influx boundary conditions. We propose a rigorous vectorial solver based on simultaneous expansions into polarized local slab eigenmodes along the two orthogonal cross section coordinates (quadridirectional eigenmode propagation QUEP). The quasi-analytical scheme is applicable to configurations with -in principle -arbitrary cross section geometries. Examples for a high-contrast facet of an asymmetric slab waveguide, for the lateral excitation of a channel waveguide, and for a step discontinuity between slab waveguides of different thicknesses are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oblique incidence of semi-guided waves on rectangular slab waveguide discontinuities: A vectorial QUEP solver

Hammer

2015

Optics Communications

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“…Although the idea of deforming the surface into a particular shape to construct ‘geodesic lenses’ has been well established for some time14, in this article we demonstrate a new method where the shape of the surface is used in combination with the local refractive index to make otherwise unphysical optical devices practical. We interpret this as a technique that is analogous to the aforementioned transmutation procedure, but with the added advantage that the required materials are isotropic and low contrast.…”

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confidence: 99%

Removing singular refractive indices with sculpted surfaces

Horsley

Hooper

Mitchell‐Thomas

et al. 2014

Sci Rep

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The advent of Transformation Optics established the link between geometry and material properties, and has resulted in a degree of control over electromagnetic fields that was previously impossible. For waves confined to a surface it is known that there is a simpler, but related, geometrical equivalence between the surface shape and the refractive index, and here we demonstrate that conventional devices possessing a singularity -that is, the requirement of an infinite refractive index -can be realised for waves confined to an appropriately sculpted surface. In particular, we redesign three singular omnidirectional devices: the Eaton lens, the generalized Maxwell Fish-Eye, and the invisible sphere. Our designs perfectly reproduce the behaviour of these singular devices, and can be achieved with simple isotropic media of low refractive index contrast.

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“…The nominal powers of the mode index and diffractive elements for the achromatic doublet were found using Eqs. (18) and (19), giving focal lengths of Fmi(Xo) = 18.4 mm and Fd(Xo) = 21.9 mm, respectively. Note that since the index change is negative for this example the lens boundary for the mode-index element will be concave rather than convex as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Io = Can(x) = Angx) ='"Nb(xd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Achromatic waveguide lenses

Spaulding

Morris

1991

Appl. Opt.

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An investigation of the chromatic properties of waveguide lenses is described. In general, the focal length of mode-index and Fresnel zone (diffractive) lenses will be a function of wavelength. As a result, these lenses will have high optical quality over only a relatively small wavelength range. A method is given to correct for this chromatic dispersion by forming a hybrid mode-index/diffractive doublet. Using this approach, the various lens parameters can be chosen so that the chromatic dispersion of the diffractive element will cancel the dispersion of the refractive element. In certain conditions, the power of the diffractive element in the hybrid achromatic doublet can be shown to go to zero producing an achromatic mode-index lens. It was found that, with typical waveguide materials, a 10-mm focal length, f/5 hybrid mode-index/diffractive lens can be made that has a usable wavelength range of approximately 80 nm. This is over an order of magnitude improvement compared with that obtained with conventional mode-index and diffractive lens types.

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Geodesic Lenses for Guided Optical Waves

Cited by 58 publications

References 10 publications

Oblique incidence of semi-guided waves on rectangular slab waveguide discontinuities: A vectorial QUEP solver

Oblique incidence of semi-guided waves on rectangular slab waveguide discontinuities: A vectorial QUEP solver

Removing singular refractive indices with sculpted surfaces

Achromatic waveguide lenses

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