Geodesign Approaches to City Resilience Planning: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The increased frequency of extreme events facing society is placing mounting pressure on cities and regions that need more robust resilience planning against growing uncertainty. Data augmented participatory methods, such as geodesign, offer much promise in supporting strategic planning to make our cities and regions more resilient. In that context, this study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of geodesign practices in resilience planning, through a systematic review of the selected 487 studies available from various bibliographic databases. The results indicate that a total of 75 studies were connected to resilience thinking, with a focus on climate change, floods, and sea level rise risks. A significant cluster of those resilience-related studies worked, especially, on improving sustainability. A detailed analysis of 59 relevant geodesign case studies revealed a strong underlying emphasis on disaster risk reduction and management activities. This study also noticed two prominent approaches among the analysed case studies to future city scenario planning: computational (41 studies), and collaborative (18 studies). It is recommended that an explicit integration of these two approaches into the geodesign approach can assist future city resilience planning endeavours. Thus, future research should further investigate the utility of integrating data-driven modelling and simulation within a collaborative scenario planning process, the usability of digital tools such as planning support systems within a collaborative geodesign framework, and the value of the plan’s performance evaluation during resilience decision-making. Another area for future work is increased community engagement in city resilience practices. The geodesign approach can provide a comprehensive framework for bringing communities, decision-makers, experts, and technologists together to help plan for more resilient city futures. Finally, while geodesign’s explicit role in empirical resilience implementations has been found to be low in this systematic review study, there are significant opportunities to support evidence-based and collaborative city resilience planning and decision-making activities.

Application of Geodesign Techniques for Ecological Engineered Landscaping of Urban River Wetlands: A Case Study of Yuhangtang River

“…Thirdly, the river wetland in this study was planned and designed as ecological media linked to the surrounding matrix to deal with energy flow and pollutants, while eco-geographic principles were considered in redesign strategies. In existing research, the utility of integrating data-driven modelling and simulation in collaborative processes has been primarily developed [2]. The author supposes that more landscape and EEL-related factors should be integrated into AHP-based EVE mapping to improve the usability of EEL methodology within the geodesign framework, and the value of performance evaluation during decision-making.…”

“…Geodesign is defined as a design and planning methodology that closely integrates the digital design process with geographical knowledge and geographic and environmental modelling tools, i.e., 3-D modelling, a geological information system (GIS), and a building information modelling system (BIM) [1]. The geodesign movement, which emerged in the 2000s, was initiated by both academics and practitioners from spatial planning and related disciplines, i.e., landscape architecture, ecology, tourism, and urban design [2]. Since the 2010s, geodesign solutions have been frequently integrated with sketching, modelling, GIS, and parametric design tools.…”

Spatial and temporal evolution of urban resilience in China and analysis of barriers: Based on a sustainable development perspective

“…Iturriza Marta et al (2019) proposed a model that includes a resilience maturity model and a model called urban resilience dynamics to enable decision-makers to study and fully operationalize urban resilience [ 7 ]. In addition, scholars have used TOPSIS [ 41 ], geographic design [ 42 ], principal component analysis [ 43 ], case studies [ 44 ], and structural equations [ 45 ] to evaluate the level of urban resilience.…”

Usefulness of an Urban Growth Model in Creating Scenarios for City Resilience Planning: An End-User Perspective

“…Still, the flexible Metronamica PSS allowed for interaction and control, enabling multidisciplinary teams to collaborate during the workshop. This is extremely pertinent to city resilience planning, as stakeholder involvement is a key to that process [73]. The model's capacity to demonstrate linkage between future growth scenarios and input assumptions at a level that aligns with audience maturity was also highly regarded.…”