Geodetic monitoring of earth-filled flood embankment subjected to variable loads

Abstract

The article presents an example of supplementing geotechnical monitoring with geodetic observations. The experimental flood embankment built within the ISMOP project (Information Technology System of Levee Monitoring) was subjected to continuous monitoring based on built-in measuring sensors. The results of geodetic monitoring used for observation of earth-filled flood embankment subjected to external loads are presented in the paper. The tests were carried out on an experimental food embankment forming a closed artificial water reservoir. The observations were carried out for two purposes. The first was long-term monitoring, which was aimed to determine the behaviour of the newly built embankment. The second purpose was to check the reaction of the levee to the simulated flood wave, caused by filling and draining the reservoir. In order to monitor the displacements of the earth-filled embankment, it was necessary to develop the proper methodology. For the needs of research works, an appropriate network of 5 reference points and 48 survey markers has been designed and established. The periodic measurements were carried out using precise robotic total station. The stability of the reference frame was each time checked and displacements of survey markers were determined based on it. The final results allow to reveal the reaction of levee to external loads. The displacement values were referred to the course of the filling and draining experiment to indicate the relationship between them. In the field of long-term monitoring the results clearly imply the dominance of displacements outside the reservoir for points located on the embankment, in contrast to points on the crest and foreground, which do not show significant movements. On the other hand, in the field of testing the embankment reaction to the flood wave, obtaining reliable results was possible thanks to high-accuracy geodetic measurements. Small displacement values, often at the level of their determination errors, were averaged for groups of points with the same height of foundation. A sizable number of points allows to perceive some tendencies and the relation between embankment soaking, hence its movement directions can be noticed. During periods when the levee was still saturated with water, slight movements outside the reservoir were revealed. On the other hand, the following period of drying caused movement in the opposite direction.

Metodología para estimación del daño sísmico en edificios en base a modelos numéricos avanzados y monitorizaciones RAR

“…En este estudio, se admite que estos estados iniciales y seguros provienen de un modelo numérico preciso. Este modelo numérico se realiza en base a información obtenida consultando códigos constructivos contemporáneos a la fecha de edificación y la documentación disponible (proyectos y planos) sobre el edificio estudiado.Las campañas de monitorización con radar interferométrico realizadas en edificios dañados tras el terremoto (Mw 5,1) ocurrido en la ciudad de Lorca (Murcia, España) el 11 de mayo de 2011, confirmaron el potencial de esta tecnología no invasiva y de 97 monitorización remota y ambiente(Gentile, 2010;Gentile & Bernardini, 2010;Pieraccini et al 2000; Tarchi et al 2000 a y b; Pieraccini et al 2004 a y b;Kuras et al 2009;.El uso del RAR para monitorear las características dinámicas de construcciones y estructuras civiles sometidas a vibraciones por ruido ambiental, se ha investigado desde la década de 1990(Farrar et al, 1999) y se consolidó durante la década siguiente(Pieraccini et al, 2000 a y b;Pieraccini et al 2005;…”