Geographic association and temporal variation of chemical and physical defense and leaf damage in <i>Datura stramonium</i>

Castillo, Guillermo; Cruz, Laura L.; Hernández‐Cumplido, Johnattan; Oyama, Ken; Flores-Ortíz, César Mateo; Fornoni, Juan; Valverde, Pedro Luis; Núñez‐Farfán, Juan

doi:10.1007/s11284-013-1059-4

Cited by 33 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The extraction method consisted of a series of acid-base reactions (see [32]). The samples were injected into a Waters Alliance 2695 HPLC device.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed on leaf damage, trichome density, and concentrations of atropine and scopolamine. These analyses were equivalent to those published elsewhere (see [32]), but applied in this case to our eight selected populations. Our analyses detected significant differences in defensive traits among the eight populations of D. stramonium (Wilks' λ = 0.1477, F 28, 848.73 = 30.697, P <0.0001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we evaluated whether selection imposed by specialized and/or generalized herbivores on plant defenses matches the among-population variation in defensive traits of D. stramonium recorded in a previous study [32]. To do so, we performed phenotypic selection analyses to explore the mode and intensity of selection acting on chemical (atropine, scopolamine) and physical (leaf trichomes) defensive traits in eight populations of D. stramonium attacked mainly by generalist or specialist herbivores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Selection Mosaic Exerted by Specialist and Generalist Herbivores on Chemical and Physical Defense of Datura stramonium

et al. 2014

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Selection exerted by herbivores is a major force driving the evolution of plant defensive characters such as leaf trichomes or secondary metabolites. However, plant defense expression is highly variable among populations and identifying the sources of this variation remains a major challenge. Plant populations are often distributed across broad geographic ranges and are exposed to different herbivore communities, ranging from generalists (that feed on diverse plant species) to specialists (that feed on a restricted group of plants). We studied eight populations of the plant Datura stramonium usually eaten by specialist or generalist herbivores, in order to examine whether the pattern of phenotypic selection on secondary compounds (atropine and scopolamine) and a physical defense (trichome density) can explain geographic variation in these traits. Following co-evolutionary theory, we evaluated whether a more derived alkaloid (scopolamine) confers higher fitness benefits than its precursor (atropine), and whether this effect differs between specialist and generalist herbivores. Our results showed consistent directional selection in almost all populations and herbivores to reduce the concentration of atropine. The most derived alkaloid (scopolamine) was favored in only one of the populations, which is dominated by a generalist herbivore. In general, the patterns of selection support the existence of a selection mosaic and accounts for the positive correlation observed between atropine concentration and plant damage by herbivores recorded in previous studies.

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“…The extraction method consisted of a series of acid-base reactions (see [32]). The samples were injected into a Waters Alliance 2695 HPLC device.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Selection Mosaic Exerted by Specialist and Generalist Herbivores on Chemical and Physical Defense of Datura stramonium

et al. 2014

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“…In contrast, we found a positive relationship between herbivore selectiveness and the defensive index PC2 during the dry season. Th is result could be explained if species with high trichome density and intermediate percentage of oxidized phenolics (e.g., Palafoxia lindeni and Crossopetalum uragoga ) restricted herbivore feeding to a reduced number of highly selective herbivores able to cope with this combination of leaf defenses ( Castillo et al, 2013 ). For example, Psychotria erythrocarpa , a species with a high trichome density and with the highest percentage of oxidized phenolics during the dry season (36% of its dry leaf mass) presented exclusive interactions with nine specialist lepidopteran species (all from Pyralidae family), thus integrating a network module that practically did not interact with any other members of the network (A. López-Carretero, unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of plant resistance traits in selectiveness and species strength in a tropical plant‐herbivore network

López-Carretero

Boege

Díaz‐Castelazo

et al. 2016

American J of Botany

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PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Plant-herbivore networks are highly specialized in their interactions, yet they are highly variable with regard to the relative importance of specifi c host species for herbivores. How host species traits determine specialization and species strength in this antagonistic network is still an unanswered question that we addressed in this study. METHODS:We assessed plant cover and antiherbivore resistance traits to assess the extent to which they accounted for the variation in specialization and strength of interactions among species in a plant-herbivore network. We studied a tropical antagonistic network including a diverse herbivore-host plant assemblages in diff erent habitat types and climatic seasons, including host plants with diff erent life histories.KEY RESULTS: Particular combinations of leaf toughness, trichome density, and phenolic compounds infl uenced herbivore specialization and host species strength, but with a signifi cant spatiotemporal variation among plant life histories. Conversely, plant-herbivore network parameters were not infl uenced by plant cover. CONCLUSIONS:Our study highlights the importance of species-specifi c resistance traits of plants to understand the ecological and evolutionary consequences of plant-herbivore interaction networks. The novelty of our research lies in the use of a trait-based approach to understand the variation observed in diverse plant-herbivore networks.

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“…The production of leaf trichomes was positively related to leaf damage across populations of Arabidopsis lyrata (Løe et al 2007) and Datura stramonium (Castillo et al 2013) sampled across hundreds of km in Scandinavia and Mexico, respectively. In the shrub Iva frutescens, both the intensity of herbivory and the resistance to herbivory decrease from south to north along the east coast of North America (Więski and Pennings 2014).…”

Section: Limited Variation In Resistance Among Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivory strongly influences among-population variation in reproductive output of Lythrum salicaria in its native range

et al. 2015

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Herbivory can negatively affect several components of plant reproduction. Yet, because of a lack of experimental studies involving multiple populations, the extent to which differences in herbivory contribute to among-population variation in plant reproductive success is poorly known. We experimentally determined the effects of insect herbivory on reproductive output in nine natural populations of the perennial herb Lythrum salicaria along a disturbance gradient in an archipelago in northern Sweden, and we quantified among-population differentiation in resistance to herbivory in a common-garden experiment in the same area. The intensity of leaf herbivory varied >500-fold and mean female reproductive success >400-fold among the study populations. The intensity of herbivory was lowest in populations subject to strong disturbance from ice and wave action. Experimental removal of insect herbivores showed that the effect of herbivory on female reproductive success was correlated with the intensity of herbivory and that differences in insect herbivory could explain much of the among-population variation in the proportion of plants flowering and seed production. Population differentiation in resistance to herbivory was limited. The results demonstrate that the intensity of herbivory is a major determinant of flowering and seed output in L. salicaria, but that differences in herbivory are not associated with differences in plant resistance at the spatial scale examined. They further suggest that the physical disturbance regime may strongly influence the performance and abundance of perennial herbs and patterns of selection not only because of its effect on interspecific competition, but also because of effects on interactions with specialized herbivores.

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Geographic association and temporal variation of chemical and physical defense and leaf damage in Datura stramonium

Cited by 33 publications

References 60 publications

Selection Mosaic Exerted by Specialist and Generalist Herbivores on Chemical and Physical Defense of Datura stramonium

Selection Mosaic Exerted by Specialist and Generalist Herbivores on Chemical and Physical Defense of Datura stramonium

Influence of plant resistance traits in selectiveness and species strength in a tropical plant‐herbivore network

Herbivory strongly influences among-population variation in reproductive output of Lythrum salicaria in its native range

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