Geographic gender differences in traumatic unintentional injury hospitalization and youth drinking

Moise, Imelda K.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107701

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…In addition, we included the (6) percentage of persons 25 years of age or older completing four or more years of college, and (7) the percentage of households that average one or more persons per room. We then used principal component analysis to ascertain the weighting of each variable within the component, with “individual component values estimated by summing the weighted scores to reach the component” (Moise, 2019 ). Finally, we standardized the continuous range of SES index scores to allow census tract to be scored on a 0–100 scale, with lower values indicating concentrated disadvantage and higher values indicated concentrated advantage at the component level.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic disparities in violent crime during the COVID-19 lockdown in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2018–2020

Moise

2021

J Exp Criminol

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Objectives This study uses two cluster detection techniques to identify clusters of violent crime during the 3 months of the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown in Miami-Dade County compared to that during an equivalent period in 2018 and 2019. Methods Violent crime data from the Miami-Dade Central Records Bureau were analyzed. The Local Indicators of Spatial Association statistics and a space‐time permutation statistic were used to identify clusters of violent crimes and outliers, and Global Moran’s I tool was used to assess spatial patterning in violent crime. Neighborhood disadvantage data were obtained from the American Community Survey 5-year estimates linked with arrest locations. Results Violent crime arrests fell by 7.1% in 2020. Arrests were concentrated in predominantly Black disadvantaged neighborhoods in the northern part, and similar results were produced for core clusters by the two cluster techniques with positive global Moran’s I for all study years. Although accounting for only 17% of the county population, nearly half of violent crime arrests were for Black or African American. Males comprised most violent crime arrests. Conclusions Crime prevention and intervention efforts should be focused on both high-risk places and offenders.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic disparities in violent crime during the COVID-19 lockdown in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2018–2020

Moise

2021

J Exp Criminol

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“…Other indicators included a wealth index-poor or average living) [46,47], education (women with no education, primary, secondary, or higher, percentage, %), sanitation (women living in households with safe and clean water access, having a place to wash hands, with soap or detergent present, %), employment (currently working, %), insurance coverage (%), crowding (average number of household members based on more than three people per sleeping room), distance to safe clean water (average time to get to drinking water), access to information (women owning a mobile phone (%)), and women listening to the radio at least once a week (%). These SDOH measures were selected based on the literature and conceptual frameworks [26,48,49]. Studies have linked some of these measures to COVID-19 screening and testing outcomes [44,50].…”

Section: Country-level Social Determinants Of Health Data Source Meas...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Role of Social Determinants of Health and COVID-19 Risk in 28 African Countries

Moise,

Ortiz-Whittingham,

Owolabi

et al. 2024

COVID

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While the impact of the pandemic has varied between and within countries, there are few published data on the relationship between social determinants of health (SDoH) and COVID-19 in Africa. This ecological cross-sectional study examines the relationship between COVID-19 risk and SDoH among 28 African countries. Included were countries with a recent demographic and health survey (years 2010 to 2018). The response variables were COVID-19 case rates and death rates (reported as of 15 August 2020); and the covariates comprised eight broad topics common to multiple SDoH frameworks aggregated to the country level: geography (urban residence), wealth index, education, employment, crowding, and access to information. A negative binomial regression was used to assess the association between aspects of SDoH and COVID-19 outcomes. Our analysis indicated that 1 in 4 (25.1%) households in study countries are without safe and clean water and a space for handwashing. The odds of COVID-19 morbidity and deaths were higher in countries with a high proportion of households without access to safe and clean water. Having a high proportional of educated women (1.003: 95% CI, 1.001–1.005) and living in a less crowded home (0.959: 95% CI, 0.920–1.000) were negatively associated with COVID-19 deaths, while being insured and owning a mobile phone predicted illness. Overall, aspects of SDoH contribute either negatively or positively to COVID-19 outcomes. Thus, addressing economic and environmental SDoH is critical for mitigating the spread of COVID-19 and re-emerging diseases on the African continent.

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“…These measures of interested represented geography (urban residence), wealth (Human Development Index or HDI, and indicator reported to be better than "GDP per capita" in measuring the progress of nations, particularly LMICs; and a wealth index -poor or average living) (35,36), education (women with no education, primary, secondary or higher, percentage, %), sanitation (women living in households with high quality water access, have a place to wash hands, soap or detergent present, %), employment (currently working, %), insurance coverage (%), crowding (average number of household members based on more than three people per sleeping room), distance to safe clean water (average time to get to drinking water), access to information (women owning a mobile phone (%)) and women listening to the radio at least once a week (%). The DHS SDOH measures of interest were selected based on the literature and conceptual SDOH frameworks (21,37,38). These measures are associated with differentiating COVID-19 screening and testing outcomes (30,39).…”

Section: Country-level Social Determinants Of Health Data Source Meas...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Role of Social Determinants of Health and Healthcare System Measures on COVID-19 Outcomes in 28 African Countries

Moise,

Ortiz-Whittingham,

Owolabi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Although COVID-19 outcomes vary between and within countries, there is little published data on how aspects of social determinants of health (SDoH) affect COVID-19 outcomes in the African context. Objective The current study set to examine COVID-19 case and death rates and their correlates among African countries using data from different sources. Methods An ecological cross-sectional study comprising 28 African countries with a recent Demographic and Health Survey, DHS (2010-2018). Response variables were COVID-19 case and death rates (as of August 15, 2020). Covariates comprised three healthcare systems measures; rates of hospital beds (2005-2017), ventilators (2020) and doctors (2010-2018) per 10,000 population, and 9 broad topics common to multiple SDoH frameworks aggregated to the country level; geography (urban residence), wealth index, education, employment, crowding, and access to information. Rates per 10,000 population were calculated for healthcare measures and mapped for visualization. A Negative Binomial regression was used to assess whether aspects of SDoH are correlated with COVID-19. Results Our analysis indicated that 1 in 4 (25.1%) households in study countries are without clean water and handwashing access. Country-level health system capacity (hospital beds, ventilators, and medical doctors) varied considerably between the countries. Negative Binomial regression showed that the odds of COVID-19 morbidity and death was higher in countries with a high proportion of households without access to quality water and doctors per 10,000 people. Having a high proportional of educated women (1.003: 95% CI, 1.001 – 1.005), hospital beds per population and less people per room (0.959: 95% CI, 0.920 – 1.000) was negatively correlated with COVID-19 deaths while being insured and owning a mobile phone was correlated with illness. Conclusion Both aspects of SDoH and healthcare system contribute either negatively or positively to COVID-19 outcomes. Addressing healthcare system capacity and economic and environmental SDoH will be critical for mitigating the spread of COVID-19 and re-emerging diseases on the African continent.

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Geographic gender differences in traumatic unintentional injury hospitalization and youth drinking

Cited by 7 publications

References 63 publications

Geographic disparities in violent crime during the COVID-19 lockdown in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2018–2020

Geographic disparities in violent crime during the COVID-19 lockdown in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2018–2020

Examining the Role of Social Determinants of Health and COVID-19 Risk in 28 African Countries

Examining the Role of Social Determinants of Health and Healthcare System Measures on COVID-19 Outcomes in 28 African Countries

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