Geographic Origin and Host Cultivar Influence on Digestive Physiology of<i>Spodoptera exigua</i>(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae

Golikhajeh, Neshat; Naseri, Bahram; Razmjou, Jabraeil

doi:10.1093/jisesa/iew104

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Digestive enzyme assays of midgut tissue revealed significant differences in total enzyme activity and class-specific protease profiles from S. frugiperda larvae maintained on rice and corn plants over 11 generations. These results support previous work (Golikhajeh & Razmjou, 2017) that proposed digestive protease and amylase activities of Spodoptera exigua larvae were significantly increased by feeding on different host plant cultivars. Similarly, previous studies demonstrated that the genetic adaptations of host plants occurred over evolutionary time scales, with insect herbivores regulating their feeding behavior and midgut digestive physiology to the nutritional landscape of available food sources.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Similarly, previous studies demonstrated that the genetic adaptations of host plants occurred over evolutionary time scales, with insect herbivores regulating their feeding behavior and midgut digestive physiology to the nutritional landscape of available food sources. Herbivores may alter a plant's defense systems by inducing the expression of digestive and detoxification enzymes in gut tissues (Dermauw et al ., 2013; Herde & Howe, 2014; Golikhajeh et al ., 2017; Acevedo et al ., 2018; Juma et al ., 2019); however, adaptation to plant defenses is not restricted to digestive enzyme activity, and other metabolic processes, such as detoxification, stress response, and immunity pathways, can also be involved (Huang et al ., 2017). Our data indicate that the class‐specific activity of chymotrypsin, trypsin, and serine proteases were inhibited by TPCK, TLCK, and E‐64 inhibitors after being fed to S. frugiperda larvae in Corn, Corn‐R, Rice, and Rice‐C treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of digestive protease enzymes and related genes in host plant adaptation of a polyphagous pest, Spodoptera frugiperda

Hafeez

Zhang

et al. 2021

Insect Science

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The evolutionary success of phytophagous insects depends on their ability to efficiently exploit plants as a source of energy for survival. Herbivorous insects largely depend on the efficiency, flexibility, and diversity of their digestive physiology and sophistication of their detoxification system to use chemically diverse host plants as food sources. The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is a polyphagous pest of many commercially important crops. To elucidate the ability of this insect pest to adapt to host plant mechanisms, we evaluated the impact of primary (corn) and alternate (rice) host plants after 11 generations on gut digestive enzymatic activity and expression profiles of related genes. Results indicated that the total protease and class-specific trypsinand chymotrypsin-like protease activity of S. frugiperda significantly differed among host plant treatments. The class-specific protease profiles greatly differed in S. frugiperda midguts upon larval exposure to different treatments with inhibitors compared with treatments without inhibitors. Similarly, the single and cumulative effects of the enzymespecific inhibitors TLCK, TPCK, and E-64 significantly increased larval mortality and reduced larval growth/mass across different plant treatments. Furthermore, the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results revealed increased transcription of two trypsin (SfTry-3, SfTry-7) and one chymotrypsin gene (Sfchym-9), which indicated that they have roles in host plant adaptation. Knockdown of these genes resulted in significantly reduced mRNA expression levels of the trypsin genes. This was related to the increased mortality observed in treatments compared with the dsRED control. This result indicates possible roles of S. frugiperda gut digestive enzymes and related genes in host plant adaptation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of digestive protease enzymes and related genes in host plant adaptation of a polyphagous pest, Spodoptera frugiperda

Hafeez

Zhang

et al. 2021

Insect Science

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“…This result can be attributed to prior feeding experience of Pelotas larvae on regional host plants as well as the effect of environmental conditions inherent by it, since comparable selection pressure can occur across crops, increasing overall selection pressure for resistance (Roush, 1989;Golikhajeh et al, 2017). Pelotas-RS, is located in the extreme southern Brazil, in a region known as lowlands, these areas have a very particular climate, with high pluviometry rates and low temperatures in the winter, that makes its cropping systems very different from the rest of the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic Origin and Host Dependent Metabolic Responses Affect Spodoptera frugiperda Susceptibility to Insecticides

Carvalho¹,

Machado²,

Neitzke³

et al. 2022

JAS

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Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most harmful pest threatening crops in tropical regions. It is particularly difficult to control due to its high polyphagia, mobility and the evolution of resistance. One of the main strategies enabling this insect to extend its geographic range, is the expression of a wide repertoire of detoxification enzymes, that neutralizes diverse environmental xenobiotics as well as insecticides. Hence adaptation to particular ecological niches can lead to different enzyme expression which consequently may affect its control. Even though the molecular basis of adaption is well known, there is not much applied studies regarding the effect of the geographic region in S. frugiperda physiology and management. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the activity of detoxification enzymes, as well as the susceptibility to insecticides of S. frugiperda from distinct geographic origins in local hosts plants. Larvae from Pelotas, a region characterized by crop succession with oats and maize and larvae from Cascavel, which is characterized by highly intensive maize systems thought the year were used in the experiments. Our study showed that only larvae from Pelotas had increased enzyme activity after feeding on oat plants. In most insecticide treatments, mortality increased on population Cascavel after feeding on oats, the same was not observed on larvae from Pelotas. Our results are in accordance with previous studies that pointed distinct geographic conditions could lead to genetic variability and different responses to control. Information on S. frugiperda dynamics is essential to develop local management programs as well to better understand the complex nature of plant-insect interactions.

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“…The rapid rate of population growth over a short period of time may be linked to measures of the nutritional quality of the host plant (Cherif and Verheggen 2019). As a result, the increased population growth and adaptability of S. exigua may be a reflection of this host plant cultivars low nutritional quality (Golikhajeh et al 2017). The shallot variety is regarded as an excellent host, as shown by significant population growth based on the phenology of the host plant, particularly the Bali Karet variety.…”

Section: The Development Of Spodoptera Exigua Population According To...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preference, population development, and molecular characteristics of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on shallot cultivars: A field trial scale

et al. 2022

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Abstract. Supartha IW, Susila IW, Sumiartha IK, Rauf A, Cruz LBDC, Yudha IKW, Utama IWEK, Wiradana PA. 2021. Preference, population development, and molecular characteristics of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on shallot cultivars: A field trial scale. Biodiversitas 23: 783-792. The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous insect that is the main pest and is responsible for the decline in shallot production in Indonesia. This study aims to (i) analyze preferences; (ii) colonization time; (iii) population development; (iv) attack of armyworms according to plant phenology in the shallot cultivars; and (v) identification species of armyworms. The research was conducted in Bangli Village, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia. The research design used was a randomized block design with the treatment of five shallot cultivars and five replications. Molecular analysis of armyworm larvae was carried out using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method using forward Lep_F1 and reverse Lep_R1 primers at the Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene. Our results indicate that the period of adult pest infestation has been seen since the emergence of plants, namely 7 days after planting (dap). The colonization period begins at 21 (dap), when plants and larvae begin to grow. The development of the egg and larva population was seen when the plants totaled 21 (dap) (for eggs) and 28 dap (for larvae). The most preferred shallot cultivars are "Bali Karet" and "Bima Brebes". Armyworm larvae, including S. exigua, were identified as related to the same group as isolate larvae from China, India, Pakistan, Thailand, and Japan. These findings indicated that S. exigua preferred the two cultivars of shallots in the fields and emerged at 21 dap. This shows that insect management activities must be carried out systematically both when the shallots plants are young, pre- and post-harvest. Control with natural enemies can also be done for further research.

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Geographic Origin and Host Cultivar Influence on Digestive Physiology ofSpodoptera exigua(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Role of digestive protease enzymes and related genes in host plant adaptation of a polyphagous pest, Spodoptera frugiperda

Role of digestive protease enzymes and related genes in host plant adaptation of a polyphagous pest, Spodoptera frugiperda

Geographic Origin and Host Dependent Metabolic Responses Affect Spodoptera frugiperda Susceptibility to Insecticides

Preference, population development, and molecular characteristics of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on shallot cultivars: A field trial scale

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