Geographic tongue: Does Candida play a role in its pathogenesis

Petrović, Sanja Matić; Đorđević, Mihajlo; Radunović, Milena; Živanović, Tanja; Pavlica, Dušan; Pucar, Ana

doi:10.2478/bjdm-2019-0027

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The white border comprises regenerating filiform papillae and a mixture of keratin and neutrophils. [26][27][28][29][30] GT affects approximately 1-3% of the population and appears to occur in both males and females, 1 although some literature suggests a slightly higher female predilection (2:1). 31 This may be because GT is associated with female hormones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Chili as a Risk Factor for the Geographic Tongue: A Case Report

Novianti,

Nur’aeny

2023

JAA

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Introduction: Geographic tongue (GT) is a chronic tongue condition triggered by various factors such as immune reactions, allergies, stress, hereditary factors, and nutritional deficiencies. The prevalence of GT in the population ranges from 1% to 3%, and its symptoms can cause discomfort to patients. Spicy foods are popular among Indonesians. Chili is one such food that can cause allergies and trigger GT. Objective: This report highlights the significance of identifying the risk factors associated with symptomatic GT. Case: A 19-year-old female patient complained of a rough and sore dorsal tongue for a year, particularly after consuming spicy food. Extra-oral examination revealed dry lips. Intra-oral examination showed red patches with white borders on the dorsal tongue. A complete blood count and allergy test were performed. The eosinophil count was 4%, the total IgE level was 698 IU/mL, and the skin prick test for chili was positive. The diagnosis of chili-induced GT was made. Case Management: The patient was advised to avoid chilies, and benzydamine hydrochloride mouthwash was administered. One week after treatment, clinical improvement was observed. Severity decreased on the Geographic Tongue Area and Severity Index (GTASI) from 12 (moderate) to 0.4 (mild). Pain decreased from 6 to 0 on the numerical rating scale (NRS). Conclusion: Management of symptomatic GT includes the avoidance of allergens such as chilies and appropriate pharmacological therapy. The identification of risk factors is required for effective management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Chili as a Risk Factor for the Geographic Tongue: A Case Report

Novianti,

Nur’aeny

2023

JAA

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“…There are some concerning facts about antifungal treatment. First, antifungals are often unnecessarily used in the treatment of oral conditions clinically misdiagnosed as Candida infections (e.g., geographic tongue [ 46 ], burning mouth syndrome, oral allergies, etc.). Second, antifungal therapy is used whenever Candida spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida albicans Isolated from Tongue and Subgingival Biofilm of Periodontitis Patients

et al. 2022

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The subgingival biofilm, as the most complex microbial community, has been proven to be reservoir of Candida spp. The main concept of this study was to investigate if there is a difference between the sensitivity of Candida albicans (C. albicans) isolated from tongue and subgingival areas of periodontitis patients to antifungal agents. The aim of the study was to determine: (1) the distribution of different Candida species in the tongue and subgingival samples of periodontitis patients; (2) the susceptibility of Candida albicans strains from tongue and subgingival biofilm to the effects of commonly used antifungal agents: fluconazole, amphotericin B and itraconazole; (3) the correlation between the susceptibility of Candida albicans and clinical periodontal parameters. Tongue and subgingival biofilm samples of periodontitis subjects (N = 163) were examined. Susceptibility was tested when the same Candida species was isolated from both sites (17 subjects). Candida spp. were isolated in 23.3% of tongue and 21.5% of the subgingival samples. All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B, while 64.71% of tongue and 52.94% of subgingival isolates were susceptible to fluconazole. A low frequency of itraconazole susceptibility was observed for tongue (17.64%) and subgingival isolates (11.76%). The correlations between full-mouth plaque score and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for tongue isolates were strongly positive for all antimycotics. Positive correlation was also observed between moderate periodontal destruction and MICs for tongue and subgingival isolates. The susceptibility of C. albicans to antifungals correlate with oral hygiene and moderate periodontal destruction. There is no difference in antifungal susceptibility between tongue and subgingival isolates.

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Oral candidiasis and potential risk factors among disabled and non-disabled in Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia

Alzahrani,

Bhat,

Kukreja

et al. 2024

World J Clin Cases

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BACKGROUND Oral candidiasis (OC) is an oral health disease that could influence patients’ oral health quality of life. AIM To estimate prevalence of OC among disabled and non-disabled individuals and its potential risk factors in the Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia. METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was carried out among 148 disabled and non-disabled participants. The technique of concentrated oral rinse employing the Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium accompanied with 0.05% chloramphenicol was conducted to assess and isolate candida . Oral examination using the World Health Organization guidelines was conducted to examine participants’ oral health status. A pre-designed questionnaire was also used to evaluate sociodemographic, medical history, and oral hygiene habits of the studied population. RESULTS Out of 148 participants (n = 57, 38%) had colonized candida . None of the studied population had visible Candida lesions. However, Candida was found in the oral rinses without the subject presenting any lesions or issues caused by Candida (asymptomatic colonization). The most common prevalent OC among participants were Candida albicans , Candida glabrata , Candida dubliniensis , Candida krusei , Candida tropicalis , and Candida parapsilosis (n = 35, 61%; n = 8, 14%; n = 6, 10%; n = 5, 9%; n = 2, 4%; and n = 1, 2%) respectively. Diabetes, smoking, poor plaque, and gingival status were key potential risk factors that significantly associated with candida ’s density and presence (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.01, and P = 0.01) respectively. Disability status had no statistically significant effect on presence and density of Candida . CONCLUSION The prevalence of OC is almost third of the studied population; thus, may provoke a need to develop preventive strategies to reduce the OC rate and establish solid treatment plans.

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Geographic tongue: Does Candida play a role in its pathogenesis

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Identifying Chili as a Risk Factor for the Geographic Tongue: A Case Report

Identifying Chili as a Risk Factor for the Geographic Tongue: A Case Report

Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida albicans Isolated from Tongue and Subgingival Biofilm of Periodontitis Patients

Oral candidiasis and potential risk factors among disabled and non-disabled in Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia

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