Geographical differences in survival of dogs with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma treated with aCHOPbased chemotherapy protocol

Abstract

Background In humans geographical differences in the incidence and presentation of various cancers have been reported. However, much of this information has not been collected in veterinary oncology. Aim The purpose of this study was to determine if a geographic difference in progression free survival exists for dogs with lymphoma treated within the US. Materials and Methods Medical records of 775 cases of canine lymphoma from 3 US regions (west, south and north), treated with CHOP chemotherapy, were retrospectively evaluated. Cases were collected from referral institutions and were required to have received at least one doxorubicin treatment and have follow up information regarding time to progression. Results Significant differences in sex (p = 0.05), weight (p = 0.049), stage (p < 0.001), immunophenotype (p = <0.001), and number of doxorubicin doses (p = 0.001) were seen between regions. Upon univariate analysis, progression free survival (PFS) differed by region (p = 0.006), stage (p = 0.009), sub‐stage (p = 0.0005), and immunophenotype (p = 0.001). A multivariable Cox regression model showed that dogs in the western region had a significantly shorter PFS when compared to the south and east. Conclusion PFS was significantly affected by stage, sub‐stage and phenotype.

Breed prevalence of canine lymphoma in South Africa

“…This is speculated to be the reason for the higher incidence of haemangiosarcoma in American Golden Retrievers compared with British Golden Retrievers (Dobson 2013 ), for example. This could also partly account for the differences in progression-free survival of dogs with lymphoma from different geographical locations, as was shown by Wilson-Robles et al ( 2017 ). In terms of lymphoma prevalence, it is possible that a similar situation exists for the South African variants of certain breeds compared with their counterparts found in other locations.…”

Metabolic Abnormalities Detected in Phase II Evaluation of Doxycycline in Dogs with Multicentric B-Cell Lymphoma

“…Treatment recommendations for canine lymphoma are generally based on whether the disease is indolent or aggressive and whether specific non-lymphoid organs are involved. To date, the most commonly recommended treatment regimen is a multidrug chemotherapy protocol with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (hydroxydaunorubicin), vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) ( 8 , 10 – 13 ). Unfortunately, despite high remission rates, the majority of dogs will relapse and eventually die of their cancer within 1–2 years from the time of diagnosis.…”

Epidemiology, clinical and cytological features of lymphoma in Boxer dogs

“…Boxers are a dog breed with a well-known predisposition to lymphoma (Edwards et al, 2004;Jankowska et al, 2015). In American, French, British, and Polish studies, Boxers accounted for 4-13% of dogs with lymphoma; moreover, Boxers are at a higher risk of T-cell lymphoma tumour development (Lurie et al, 2004;Modiano et al, 2005;Lurie et al, 2008;Pastor et al, 2009;Rebhun et al, 2010;Avery et al, 2014;Jankowska et al, 2015;Fontaine et al, 2017;Wilson-Robles et al, 2017). Our study also shows that neutered Boxers are roughly twice more likely to develop lymphoma; however, this applies only to females.…”

“…However, many authors have recommended cytology as an adequate method for canine lymphoma diagnosis, especially when supported by additional tests that allow for immunophenotype confirmation of neoplastic cells (immunocytochemistry and/or flow cytometry). Recently, in at least three studies focused on canine lymphomas, cytological diagnosis has been one of the inclusion criteria (Brown et al, 2017;Fontaine et al, 2017;Wilson-Robles et al, 2017). Fortunately, the cytological picture of most common subtypes of canine lymphoma is highly specific.…”