Geographical range and speciation in fossil and living molluscs

Jablonski, David; Roy, Kaustuv

doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.2243

Cited by 137 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, extremely low vagility can cause both the higher frequency of speciation due to the common fragmentation of populations, as well as the decreased speciation rate due to inability to expand ranges and spin off small peripatric populations ( Jablonski & Roy 2003). The low species richness, even if not significant in the Slowinski-Guyer test and its modification (figure 2), may therefore be due to the higher vulnerability to extinction in neotenic species resulting from their regularly low abundance and restricted ranges.…”

Section: Discussion (A) Origin Of Neoteny In Lycidaementioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple ancient origins of neoteny in Lycidae (Coleoptera): consequences for ecology and macroevolution

et al. 2008

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Neoteny, the maintenance of larval features in sexually mature adults, is a radical way of generating evolutionary novelty through shifts in relative timing of developmental programmes. While controlled by the environment in facultative neotenics, retention of larval features is obligatory in many species of Lycidae (net-winged beetles). They are studied here as an example of how developmental shifts and ecology interact to produce macroevolutionary impacts. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis of Lycidae based on DNA sequences from nuclear (18S and 28S rRNA) and mitochondrial (rrnL, cox1, cob and nad5) genes from a representative set of lineages (73 species), including 17 neotenic taxa. Major changes of basal relationships compared with those implied in the current classification generally supported three independent origins of neotenics in Lycidae. The southeast Asian Lyropaeinae and Ateliinae were in basal positions indicating evolutionary antiquity, also confirmed by molecular clock estimates, unlike the neotropical leptolycines nested within Calopterini and presumably much younger. neotenics exhibit typical K-selected traits including slow development, large body size, high investment in offspring and low dispersal. This correlated with low species richness and restricted ranges of neotenic lineages compared with their sisters. Yet, these factors did not impede the evolutionary persistence of affected lineages, even without reversals to fully metamorphosed forms, contradicting earlier suggestions of recent evolution from dispersive non-neotenics.

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Section: Discussion (A) Origin Of Neoteny In Lycidaementioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple ancient origins of neoteny in Lycidae (Coleoptera): consequences for ecology and macroevolution

et al. 2008

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“…Paleontological approaches allow measurement of both speciation rates and geographic range sizes over time. Range size is significantly inversely related to speciation rates in fossil gastropods and brachiopods (66,82,85,93).…”

Section: Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of biodiversity and endemism on Indo-West Pacific coral reefs

Reaka

Rodgers

Kudla

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Diversity of the primary groups of contemporary Indo-West Pacific coral reef organisms, including mantis shrimps (stomatopod crustaceans), peaks in the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA), reaches a lower peak in East Africa and Madagascar [Indian Ocean continental (IOC)], and declines in the central Indian Ocean (IO) and Central Pacific (CP). Percent endemism in stomatopods (highest in the IAA, high in the IOC, lower in regions adjacent to centers, and moderate in the CP) correlates positively with species diversity (this varies with scale) and inversely with species body size. Because it constrains reproductive traits and dispersal, body size is a reliable indicator of speciation and extinction potential in reef stomatopods and probably most marine organisms. Assemblages are dominated by small-sized species in the IAA and IOC. Both speciation and extinction likely are high, resulting in especially high endemism (small ranges reflect both originating and disappearing species) in these regions. Rates of speciation exceed extinction, yielding centers of diversity (especially in the IAA). Dispersal slows speciation and extinction in areas adjacent to these centers. Body size declines toward the CP, especially in atoll environments. Here the wheels of speciation and extinction again spin rapidly but in the opposite direction (extinction > speciation), yielding low diversity and moderate endemism. We conclude that life histories, dispersal, and speciation/extinction dynamics are primary agents that mold patterns of diversity and endemism. Historical factors, currents, productivity, and species diversity itself (through ecological interactions) also influence these patterns, in some cases by altering body size.hot spots ͉ stomatopod ͉ life history ͉ geographic range ͉ body size B eing repositories of ancient phyla as well as more recent specialized taxa, coral reefs are among the most spectacular, productive, diverse (per unit area), and threatened ecosystems on earth. Organisms they house provide a critical source of protein for people in many tropical countries, and reefs themselves protect human populations from storm and wave damage. Coral reefs provide aesthetic beauty (and the bioeroded sand on beaches) for tourism-an increasingly important economic resource for developing tropical countries. However, tourism and other uses of reefs must be carefully managed to be of sustainable economic benefit. A fundamental value of coral reefs is that they provide an aesthetic, intellectual, educational, and cultural heritage for present and future generations.Threats to global coral reefs, however, are severe and well documented (1-9). Overexploitation has been identified as an especially serious problem, but other threats include coastal development and sedimentation, pollution, global warming, disease, and ocean acidification. The Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network reports that 20% of global coral reefs already have been degraded beyond recovery, an additional 24% are under imminent threat of collapse, and a further 26% ...

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“…Consequently, the occurrence of benthic development in a taxon may be an adaptation to particular conditions (e.g., oligotrophic water or offshore currents), or it may be a phyletic constraint refl ecting earlier adaptations that no longer apply. Paleontological evidence suggests that species of marine molluscs with nonpelagic development had smaller distributions and were more susceptible to extinction than those with pelagic development (Jablonski and Lutz, 1983;Jablonski and Roy, 2003); presumably, these had more genetically fragmented populations as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%