Geographical variation in adult life-history traits of the European cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Abstract

To understand the evolution of local adaptation, the interplay between natural selection and gene flow should be considered. Rhagoletis cerasi L. (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a patchily distributed, stenophagous species of the temperate zone, and the geographical structure of its populations reveals substantial variation in gene flow rates across its distribution range. We studied the demographic components of R. cerasi adults from Greek and German populations by estimating the variability in fitness traits among allopatric populations, as well as among geographically discrete populations, with gene flow. Assuming that body size may exert a profound effect on adult fitness, both thorax and head sizes were considered as covariates in our analyses. Our data demonstrated that females were larger than males in all populations, and adult size varied significantly among populations within groups. Significant differences in a suite of life-history traits of R. cerasi adults were detected among populations with gene flow, whereas there were no consistent differences among allopatric populations. Therefore, the genetic differences among R. cerasi populations, driven mainly by geographical isolation, are poor predictors of variation in the life-history traits of adults.

Life‐history and demographic traits of the marula fruit fly Ceratitis cosyra: potential consequences of host specialization

“…Longer living female C. cosyra produce many more eggs than their shorter lived counterparts. Although not specifically mentioned in other studies, this appears to be the case for most tephritid species (Carey et al ., , ; Moraiti et al ., ). Unlike the findings of a few other studies (Carey et al ., , ) where early reproductive outputs do not differ significantly among flies that live to different ages, C. cosyra show a trend in which flies that have a later peak egg production live longer.…”

Reproductive isolation between two populations ofAglaoctenus lagotis, a funnel-web wolf spider

“…In species with wide geographical distribution, variation (in behaviour, morphology, and phenology, among others) tends to increase as a result of the diverse conditions to which their members are exposed (De Witt & Scheiner, ; Moraiti et al ., ). In some scenarios, this intraspecific variation has a strong genetic basis (Begon, Townsend & Harper, ; Velásquez et al ., ), whereas in others it results from expression of the same genotype in different environments (phenotypic plasticity; Pigliucci, ).…”

BIOECOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CHERRY FLY Rhagoletis cerasi (L. 1758) (Diptera: Tephritidae) DEVELOPMENT IN THE CENTRAL NON-CHERNOZEM ZONE OF RUSSIA

“…2), но обеспечивала выживаемость популяции R. cerasi. С одной стороны, это было связано с возможностью длительной диапаузы стадии куколки в почве (до 10-11 мес, при этом около 6 мес при температуре ниже 5-7 С), с другой -со способностью более крупных куколок диапаузировать более 1 года (29,31,32), а также с неодинаковым ответом на воздействие длительных пониженных температур у разных экземпляров куколок (у некоторых этот процесс заканчивается в конце декабря, у других -в марте) (14). По данным литературы, в постдиапаузном развитии куколки имеет место обратимость II стадии, то есть возвращение к I стадии, которая остается в почве до следующего сезона, что, возможно, связано с реакцией на сигналы окружающей среды или на метаболические стимулы (33).…”

“…1). Расчет СЭТ выше 10 С для R. cerasi осуществлялся и в других научных исследованиях, проведенных на территории России (14,39 В ЦНЗ начало выхода R. cerasi из зимней диапаузы и развитие последующих стадий сильно колебались как по времени, так и по СЭТ (см. табл.…”