Geographical variation in populations of Chenopodium album resistant and susceptible to atrazine. I. Between- and within-population variation in growth and response to atrazine

Abstract

WARWICK, S. I., and P. B. MARRIAGE. 1982. Geographical variation in populations of Chenopodium album resistant and susceptible to atrazine. I. Between-and within-population variation in growth and response to atrazine. Can. J. Bot. 60: 483-493. Between-and within-population variation in growth characteristics, isoenzyme patterns, and response to atrazine were studied in individuals from four atrazine-resistant (R) and four susceptible (S) populations of Chenopodium album L. collected from sites of contrasting climate in southern Ontario. In both the R and S types, population differences in growth characteristics were correlated with geographical location and climatic differences. The more northerly R and S populations had a greater rate of development, earlier maturation, lower biomass at maturity, and greater reproductive effort compared, respectively, with the more southerly R and S populations.Estimates of within-population variation were obtained statistically for a number of growth characters and from the electrophoretic patterns of five enzyme systems (PGM, PGI, GOT, MPI, and LAP). These indicated marked homogeneity in the four R populations as compared with the more variable S populations. Populations from the two disjunct areas of resistance were different for two of the enzymes studied and would appear to represent two different genotypes. This would suggest that mutation for resistance in populations of C. album has occurred independently in the two areas. Coupled with the evidence for differential growth characteristics of these two genotypes in response to climate, we would suggest that resistance has developed in individuals already established in each of the two separate areas, rather than spreading from a single recent introduction of the R type in Ontario.As expected, distinct differences between the R and S types were obtained in response to postemergence treatments with atrazine. The four R populations either showed no effect or exhibited increased growth. S populations all showed marked decreases in growth and production of biomass. Significant between-population differences in growth features were apparent for both types in the control and were maintained in the presence of atrazine. Although small differences in relative susceptibility were obtained for the susceptible populations, statistically significant population by treatment interactions were not evident. WARWICK, S. I., et P. B. MARRIAGE. 1982. Geographical variation in populations of Chenopodiurn album resistant and susceptible to atrazine. I. Between-and within-population variation in growth and response to atrazine. Can. J. Bot. 60: 483-493. La variation entre populations et a l'interieur des populations de Chenopodiurn album L. dans leurs caractkristiques de croissance, leurs patrons isoenzymatiques et leurs reactions 2i l'atrazine a Cte Ctudiee chez des individus de quatre populations resistantes (R) et de quatre populations susceptibles (S) i l'atrazine provenant de sites climatiquement differents du sud de llOntario. Chez les ty...

Analysis of local spread of metamitron‐resistant Chenopodium album patches in Belgium

“…, 2004). This is in accordance with other studies based on isozymes and AFLP markers, which reported lower variation for triazine‐ and triazinone‐resistant C. album populations compared with susceptible C. album populations (Warwick & Marriage, 1982; Al Mouemar & Gasquez, 1983; Aper et al. , 2010).…”

Correlation of isoenzyme polymorphism and Bayoud-disease resistance in date palm cultivars and progeny

“…Thus isoenzymes were used as an aid to design a progeny test to select ponderosa pine trees which produce seedlings with a superior ability to survive on degraded coal-mine spoils (Woods et al ., 1984), isoenzyme variation of C"henopodium album L. indicated a reduced variation in triazine herbicide resistant populations (Gasquez & Compoint, 1981 ;Warwick & Marriage, 1982) and similar results were obtained by Warwick & Black (1986) in Amaranthus retroflexus L. On the basis of esterase, endopeptidase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme variations, the present study was conducted to give a preliminary comparison of seven lots of date palm seedlings obtained from seven crosses using two male lines and seven cultivars as females . Good cultivars are generally characterized by their fruit quality and the level of resistance of Bayoud disease .…”

Populations genetics and the evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds

“…The main source of this variation in a géographie région in which résistance has not been detected previously is probably spontaneous gène mutation (Gasquez and Compoint 1981;Warwick and Marriage 1982). Rates of spontaneous gène mutation to herbicide résistance are unknown for any weed species, although a few estimâtes hâve been made in other plants.…”