Geographical Variations in Heart Deaths and Diabetes: Effect of Climate and a Possible Relationship to Magnesium

Franz, Kay B.; Bailey, Sonia M.

doi:10.1080/07315724.2004.10719394

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…We found a positive association between BMI and diabetes mortality, which is also consistent with results from individual-level prospective studies [40,41] and the positive association between temperature and diabetes mortality was also reported in developed countries [21,42]. In addition, the positive association between the urbanization rate and diabetes mortality was also reported in other study [20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Spatiotemporal variation in diabetes mortality in China: multilevel evidence from 2006 and 2012

et al. 2015

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Background: Despite previous studies reporting spatial in equality in diabetes prevalence across China, potential geographic variations in diabetes mortality have not been explored. Methods: Age and gender stratified annual diabetes mortality counts for 161 counties were extracted from the China Mortality Surveillance System and interrogated using multilevel negative binomial regression. Random slopes were used to investigate spatiotemporal variation and the proportion of variance explained was used to assess the relative importance of geographical region, urbanization, mean temperature, local diabetes prevalence, behavioral risk factors and relevant biomarkers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Spatiotemporal variation in diabetes mortality in China: multilevel evidence from 2006 and 2012

et al. 2015

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“…First, they may increase the risk of diabetes through adoption and maintenance of behaviors such as lack of participation in physical activity (10), greater use of tobacco (11), alcohol consumption (12), and poor nutrition (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). These behaviors are typically more prevalent among persons residing in areas affected by adverse neighborhood and housing conditions (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Adverse Housing and Neighborhood Conditions on the Development of Diabetes Mellitus among Middle-aged African Americans

Schootman¹,

Andresen²,

Wolinsky³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Epidemiology

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The authors examined the associations of observed neighborhood (block face) and housing conditions with the incidence of diabetes by using data from 644 subjects in the African-American Health Study (St. Louis area, Missouri). They also investigated five mediating pathways (health behavior, psychosocial, health status, access to medical care, and sociodemographic characteristics) if significant associations were identified. The external appearance of the block the subjects lived on and housing conditions were rated as excellent, good, fair, or poor. Subjects reported about neighborhood desirability. Self-reported diabetes was obtained at baseline and 3 years later. Of 644 subjects without self-reported diabetes, 10.3% reported having diabetes at the 3-year follow-up. Every housing condition rated as fair-poor was associated with an increased risk Correspondence to Dr. Mario Schootman, Division of Health Behavior Research, Washington University, 4444 Forest Park Boulevard, Box 8504, St. Louis, MO 63108 (mschootm@im.wustl.edu). For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.Editor's note: An invited commentary on this article appears on page 388, and the authors' response is published on page 391. Conflict of interest: none declared. HHS Public AccessAuthor manuscript Am J Epidemiol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 July 29. Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author Manuscript of diabetes, with odds ratios ranging from 2.53 (95% confidence interval: 1.47, 4.34 for physical condition inside the building) to 1.78 (95% confidence interval: 1.03, 3.07 for cleanliness inside the building) in unadjusted analyses. No association was found between any of the block face conditions or perceived neighborhood conditions and incident diabetes. The odds ratios for the five housing conditions were unaffected when adjusted for the mediating pathways. Poor housing conditions appear to be an independent contributor to the risk of incident diabetes in urban, middle-aged African Americans. KeywordsAfrican Americans; aging; diabetes mellitus; housing; questionnaires; residence characteristics Diabetes mellitus is now approaching epidemic proportions (1). In the United States, the prevalence and incidence of diabetes increased dramatically during the past two decades (1) such that diabetes now affects about 20.8 million people or 7 percent of the population (2). The number of individuals with diagnosed diabetes is estimated to triple by the year 2050 (3).African Americans are more likely than Whites to develop diabetes (4). Estimates show that 3.2 million African Americans currently have diabetes (5). The number of African Americans with diabetes is projected to triple by the year 2050, but the number is estimated to only double among Whites (3).While the pathogenesis of diabetes is complex, a number of factors have been identified that increase the risk of the disease. In addition to African-American race, they include increased body mass index, age 45 years or older, physica...

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“…High temperatures would increase sweat losses. Consequently, among the minerals, Mg would be the most affected because the losses would not be compensated by the diet and water intake, thereby increasing the risk of these diseases (6,39,44). Duration of DM also seems to exert a significant effect on the serum and urine Mg concentration of the diabetic population studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum and Urine Levels of Magnesium in Adult Males with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Farid¹

2016

Med J Islamic World Acad Sci

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing public health concern across the world, particularly in developing countries. The prevalence of type 2 DM (T2 DM) is rising much more rapidly because of increasing obesity and reduced activity levels as countries become more industrialized. This is true in most countries, and 6 of the top 10 countries with the highest rates are in Asia (1). The prevalence of DM in Saudi Arabia is at an alarming level. More than 25% of the adult population is suffering from DM, and this figure is expected to be more than double by 2030 (2). Half of the people more than 30 years of age are prone to DM. Saudi Arabia ranks seventh worldwide and the first in the gulf in terms of DM prevalence rates (3). T2 DM is the major problem and accounts for more than 90% of the cases. It is reported that around 9% of patients with DM die annually. Beyond the devastating humanitarian costs, DM threatens to subvert the gains of economic development globally as a consequence of spiraling costs of medical care (4). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is considered a good method of assessing glycemic control. The higher the percentage of circulating HbA1c in DM, the poorer the mean diabetic control. Achieving near-normal HbA1c levels has been shown to reduce long-term complications. The HbA1c assay is recommended to determine whether treatment is adequate and to guide adjustments (5,6). Accumulating evidence indicates that the metabolism of several trace elements is altered in DM. Deficiency and efficiency of some essential trace elements may play a role in the development of DM (7). Magnesium (Mg)

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Geographical Variations in Heart Deaths and Diabetes: Effect of Climate and a Possible Relationship to Magnesium

Abstract: Increased temperature can increase magnesium sweat losses, which may not be compensated by diet or water intake. Climate relationships to these diseases need further investigation.

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Spatiotemporal variation in diabetes mortality in China: multilevel evidence from 2006 and 2012

Spatiotemporal variation in diabetes mortality in China: multilevel evidence from 2006 and 2012

The Effect of Adverse Housing and Neighborhood Conditions on the Development of Diabetes Mellitus among Middle-aged African Americans

Serum and Urine Levels of Magnesium in Adult Males with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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