Geologic control of natural marine hydrocarbon seep emissions, Coal Oil Point seep field, California

Leifer, Ira; Kamerling, M. J.; Luyendyk, Bruce P.; Wilson, Douglas S.

doi:10.1007/s00367-010-0188-9

Cited by 55 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In recent years, much attention has been paid to the long-term in-situ and on-line observations of the methane flux and the spatio-temporal variability at various hydrocarbon seep locations, e.g., Bush Hill of Mexico, Coal Oil Point seep field of the Santa Barbara channel, Hydrate Ridge, the Black Sea and Hikurangi Margin of New Zealand (Roberts et al 1999;Brown 2001, 2004;Boles et al 2001;Torres et al 2002;Tryon et al 2002;Leifer and Boles 2005a, b;MacDonald et al 2005;Vardaro et al 2006;Solomon et al 2008;Sahling et al 2009;Krabbenhoeft et al 2010;Leifer et al 2010;Linke et al 2010;Römer et al 2012a, b;Etiope et al 2013). The preliminary results indicate that the flux and material associated with hydrocarbon seeps are both spatial and temporal in nature Tryon and Brown 2004;Leifer and Boles 2005b;Solomon et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Variation in Natural Gas Seep Rate and Influence Factors in the Lingtou Promontory Seep Field of the Northern South China Sea

Di¹,

Dong²,

Chen

2014

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Natural hydrocarbon seeps in marine environment are important sources of methane and other greenhouse gases into the ocean and the atmosphere. This greenhouse gas seepage influences the global methane budget and global climate change. Hydrocarbon seeps on the shallow seabed produce a near-shore gas bubble zone along the western coast of Hainan Island, in the northern South China Sea. However, few studies on the quantitative value of the methane flux and on temporal variation and influence factors of hydrocarbon seeps have been conducted until now. This study describes the results of continuous gas vent measurements for 420 hours on the seabed of the Lingtou promontory shore. The amount of gas released from a single gas vent was 30.5 m 3 during the measurement period. The gas flow rate ranged from 22 -72 L h -1 , with an average rate of 53.4 L h -1 . The time series analyses of the 420-hour record clearly show three principal tidal components with periods of 5.4, 4.6, and 2.4 hours, which are the main factors controlling the gas flow rate. Low flow rates were associated with high tide and high flow rates associated with low tide. A 1-m increase in seawater height results in a decrease of 20 -30 L h -1 or 35 -56% of the hourly flow rate. Therefore, the changes in gas volume escape from the pore could be attributed to the hydrostatic pressure effect induced by water depth. This dominant mechanism controlled pore activation as well as the gas flow rate, suggesting that in the marine environment, especially the shallow-water shelf area, sea level changes may result in great variations in methane release into the ocean and atmosphere.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Variation in Natural Gas Seep Rate and Influence Factors in the Lingtou Promontory Seep Field of the Northern South China Sea

Di¹,

Dong²,

Chen

2014

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…It shows, for example, the strong seeps informally named 'La Goleta' and 'Trilogy', as well as the oil production platform 'Holly'. The location of the seeps is controlled by geology-the Monterey Formation anticline and Red Mountain Fault-and several other faults and crossing faults [6]. This is why the locations and relative strengths vary little over many decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Airborne hyperspectral imaging spectroscopy has been used to map CH 4 plumes from a range of the larger seeps [12][13][14]. Figure 1 displays the main seep area visualized by sonar return measurements from 2005 [6]. It shows, for example, the strong seeps informally named 'La Goleta' and 'Trilogy', as well as the oil production platform 'Holly'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wind sector analysis of these data showed significantly higher CH 4 at the measurement station from the direction of the seeps than any other direction: 2.7 ppm mean from the south versus 1.9 ppm from the west. [6], including La Goleta and Trilogy. The color scale shows the normalized amplitude of the sonar backscatter σ from seep bubbles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrocarbon release mechanisms and emissions have been investigated using various methodologies, including sonar [4,6], in situ methane and other hydrocarbon measurements [5,[7][8][9], as well as underwater flow meters and optical bubble counters [6,10,11]. Airborne hyperspectral imaging spectroscopy has been used to map CH 4 plumes from a range of the larger seeps [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced Methane Emissions from Santa Barbara Marine Seeps

et al. 2017

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Airborne in situ and remote sensing measurements of methane were performed over the marine seeps in the Santa Barbara Channel close to the Coal Oil Point in California on two days in June and August 2014 with the aim to re-assess their methane emissions. During this period, methane column averaged dry air mole fractions derived from airborne remote sensing measurements in the short-wave infrared and airborne in situ measurements of methane indicate that emissions are 2-6 kt CH 4 y −1 , significantly lower than expected from previous publications. This is also confirmed by the on ground in situ measurement time series recorded at the onshore West Campus Monitoring Station in Santa Barbara. Using a time series of methane data, a decline in methane concentrations between 2008 and 2015 of more than a factor of two was derived for air masses originating from the seep field direction.

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Imaging of CO₂ bubble plumes above an erupting submarine volcano, NW Rota‐1, Mariana Arc

Chadwick

Merle

Buck

et al. 2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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NW Rota-1 is a submarine volcano in the Mariana volcanic arc located 100 km north of Guam.Underwater explosive eruptions driven by magmatic gases were first witnessed there in 2004 and continued until at least 2010. During a March 2010 expedition, visual observations documented continuous but variable eruptive activity at multiple vents at 560 m depth. Some vents released CO 2 bubbles passively and continuously, while others released CO 2 during stronger but intermittent explosive bursts. Plumes of CO 2 bubbles in the water column over the volcano were imaged by an EM122 (12 kHz) multibeam sonar system. Throughout the 2010 expedition numerous passes were made over the eruptive vents with the ship to document the temporal variability of the bubble plumes and relate them to the eruptive activity on the seafloor, as recorded by an in situ hydrophone and visual observations. Analysis of the EM122 midwater data set shows: (1) bubble plumes were present on every pass over the summit and they rose 200-400 m above the vents but dissolved before they reached the ocean surface, (2) bubble plume deflection direction and distance correlate well with ocean current direction and velocity determined from the ship's acoustic doppler current profiler, (3) bubble plume heights and volumes were variable over time and correlate with eruptive intensity as measured by the in situ hydrophone. This study shows that midwater multibeam sonar data can be used to characterize the level of eruptive activity and its temporal variability at a shallow submarine volcano with robust CO 2 output.

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Geologic control of natural marine hydrocarbon seep emissions, Coal Oil Point seep field, California

Cited by 55 publications

References 21 publications

Temporal Variation in Natural Gas Seep Rate and Influence Factors in the Lingtou Promontory Seep Field of the Northern South China Sea

Temporal Variation in Natural Gas Seep Rate and Influence Factors in the Lingtou Promontory Seep Field of the Northern South China Sea

Reduced Methane Emissions from Santa Barbara Marine Seeps

Imaging of CO₂ bubble plumes above an erupting submarine volcano, NW Rota‐1, Mariana Arc

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Geologic control of natural marine hydrocarbon seep emissions, Coal Oil Point seep field, California

Cited by 55 publications

References 21 publications

Temporal Variation in Natural Gas Seep Rate and Influence Factors in the Lingtou Promontory Seep Field of the Northern South China Sea

Temporal Variation in Natural Gas Seep Rate and Influence Factors in the Lingtou Promontory Seep Field of the Northern South China Sea

Reduced Methane Emissions from Santa Barbara Marine Seeps

Imaging of CO2 bubble plumes above an erupting submarine volcano, NW Rota‐1, Mariana Arc

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Imaging of CO₂ bubble plumes above an erupting submarine volcano, NW Rota‐1, Mariana Arc