Geological and Geospatial Mapping of Vulnerability Areas for Proper Flood Mitigation: Ganaja, Lokoja Metropolis, North-Central Nigeria

Abstract

This study aimed at the geological and geospatial mapping of flood vulnerable areas in Ganaja, Lokoja metropolis for proper flood mitigation. The geological mapping of the study area involved taking several traverses and understudying the different rock types in the study area. Fractures and joint within the rocks show NW-SE, NNE-SSW orientations; corresponding to the predominant stress direction that represent imprints of the Pan-African Orogeny. Buildings within 100 meters buffer distance from the river banks and flood plains are highly vulnerable, those within 200 meters buffer distance is moderately vulnerable while those 300 meters above buffer distance are less vulnerable areas. The relationship between the geology or geomorphology of the area and its effect on flood vulnerability is clearly seen from the geologic, elevation and vulnerability maps of the study area.

Flood Susceptibility Assessment of Lagos State, Nigeria using Geographical Information System (GIS)-based Frequency Ratio Model

“…Flood Susceptibility Assessment mapping is a very important tool needed to hinder the continuous events of the flood, which aids in reducing the adverse effects of flood hazards. Although it is impossible to prevent the occurrence of floods, it is possible to predict these catastrophic events, and to some extent, control those using appropriate methods and analyses (Cloke and Pappenberger, 2009;Farina et al, 2018;Moazzam et al, 2018;Menteş et al, 2019;Ozulu et al, 2021). Also, the necessary measures to prevent floods and mitigate their adverse effects seem inevitable (Huang et al, 2008;Dang et al, 2011;Alvarado-Aguilar et al, 2012), one of which is undoubtedly the development of flood susceptibility maps (Bubeck et al, 2012;Direk et al, 2012).…”

Flood Impact Assessment in Koton Karfe Using Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Data

“…According to a report by United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, it was reported that floods account for more than 40% of all the globally recorded disasters which took place between 1998 and 2017 (Nguyen et al, 2023). Although flood occurrence is difficult to prevent, predicting these catastrophic events requires appropriate methods and analysis (Cloke and Pappenberger 2009;Farina et al, 2018;Isiaka et al, 2023;Mentes et al, 2019;Moazzam et al, 2018;Ozulu et al, 2021). The occurrence of floods can result in threats of changes that can influence the temporal and spatial configuration of human life, loss of property, as well as having effects on agriculture and the environment.…”