Geological contexts of the early and middle Holocene archaeological record in North Dakota and adjoining areas of the Northern Plains

Artz, Joe Alan

doi:10.1130/spe297-p67

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…to 12,000 B.P. However, on the basis of archaeological evidence at stratified sites in North Dakota, as well as Chalk Rock (29) and Lange/Ferguson (30) sites in South Dakota, the Leonard Paleosol appears to overlie the Clovis occupation surface (Z1-2) and contains in its basal portion post-Clovis artifacts, i.e., Folsom-Midland, Goshen-Plainview, and Agate Basin (9,10,25). These cultural technocomplexes all date between Ϸ10,000 Table 2 and SI Table 3.…”

Section: Stratigraphic Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On these loess-covered uplands the cumulic mollisols are darker and thicker in swales (9,26) and may reflect perched groundwater or poor drainage (Fig. 4, positions 2 and 3).…”

Section: Stratigraphic Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most extreme effects on radiocarbon age result from the pres-ence of lignite and older humic acids derived from older carbonaceous sediments (9,10).…”

Section: Radiocarbon Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…may be the result of mixing of strata across the Z1-2 contact where older carbon is derived from the old surface and/or the top of older strata as a result of bioturbation (9,10). The initial and terminal ages of the Leonard Paleosol need further testing at such sites.…”

Section: Stratigraphic Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Younger Dryas “black mats” and the Rancholabrean termination in North America

Haynes

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

184

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Of the 97 geoarchaeological sites of this study that bridge the Pleistocene-Holocene transition (last deglaciation), approximately two thirds have a black organic-rich layer or ''black mat'' in the form of mollic paleosols, aquolls, diatomites, or algal mats with radiocarbon ages suggesting they are stratigraphic manifestations of the Younger Dryas cooling episode 10,900 B.P. to 9,800 B.P. (radiocarbon years). This layer or mat covers the Clovis-age landscape or surface on which the last remnants of the terminal Pleistocene megafauna are recorded. Stratigraphically and chronologically the extinction appears to have been catastrophic, seemingly too sudden and extensive for either human predation or climate change to have been the primary cause. This sudden Rancholabrean termination at 10,900 ؎ 50 B.P. appears to have coincided with the sudden climatic switch from Allerød warming to Younger Dryas cooling. Recent evidence for extraterrestrial impact, although not yet compelling, needs further testing because a remarkable major perturbation occurred at 10,900 B.P. that needs to be explained.climate change ͉ extinction ͉ radio carbon ͉ stratigraphy ͉ archeology

show abstract

Section: Stratigraphic Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On these loess-covered uplands the cumulic mollisols are darker and thicker in swales (9,26) and may reflect perched groundwater or poor drainage (Fig. 4, positions 2 and 3).…”

Section: Stratigraphic Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most extreme effects on radiocarbon age result from the pres-ence of lignite and older humic acids derived from older carbonaceous sediments (9,10).…”

Section: Radiocarbon Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stratigraphic Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Younger Dryas “black mats” and the Rancholabrean termination in North America

Haynes

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

184

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ages of these units were originally suggested by Clayton and others (1976; fig. 4) in the absence of radiocarbon data and have since proven to be remarkably accurate (Artz, 1995). No numeric ages were recovered as a result of present investigations (see below).…”

Section: Geologic Section M8300mentioning

confidence: 79%

Holocene Cyclicity in Western North Dakota - Climate Change Interpreted From Fluctuations in Alluvial Sedimentation

Hartman¹,

Beck²,

Kuehn³

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. DISCLAIMERPortions of this document may be illegible in electronic image products.Images are produced from the best avaiiable original document. This project undertook a close examination of the relationship between Holocene alluvial sedimentation and climatic variation. Although various techniques have been employed to interpret climate during postglacial times, the few studies in semiarid badlands terrains have focused on a general understanding of the broadscale climatic history. This project interpreted finer sedimentary patterns to recognize and interpret climatic variations that may occur as shortperiod cycles. Such interpretations provide anew approach to examining climatic variability in the past, reflecting periods of extended dry and moist conditions, and will result in the development of a more rigorous basis for interpreting human interactions with both their physical and biotic surroundings. Basic Clirnate/Paleosol PremiseKey or basic underlying premises to this study are discussed in the main body of th~s report. The following premise and illustration ( Figure ES-1A) provide the background for the Executive Summary. During periods when landforms (landscapes) are stable, hillslopes are covered by a protective mat of vegetation and a balance is established between weathering (soil formation) and valley sedimentation. The weathering of surface sediments during periods of landscape stability produces soils. During periods of landscape instability, vegetation is significantly reduced, if not removed completely, particularly in semiarid regions such as western North Dakota. This leads to slope disequilibrium as erosion outpaces soi~fonnation (Figure ES-lB). Disequilibrium results in the total andlor partial truncation of soils, which, in turn, accelerates the lateral transfer of sediment to lower slopes and valley bottoms. Times of Iandform stability, or vegetation cover, are generally considered times of moist and cool environments. Conversely, times of dry and warm conditions promote landform instability. Short-Term CyclicityLate Holocene sediments in the badlands terrain of Theodore Roosevelt National Park, Billings County, North Dakota, and in prairie settings of Knife River Indian Village National Historic Site, Mercer County, North Dakota, an...

show abstract

Landforms and archaeological site location in the little Missouri badlands: A new look at some well‐established patterns

Kuehn

1993

Geoarchaeology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patterns in the distribution of archaeological sites in the Little Missouri Badlands of North Dakota have previously been attributed to prehistoric cultural preference for certain landforms. These patterns include the concentration of Plains Archaic sites in upland settings and the predominance of Late Prehistoric sites in the alluvial lowlands. An understanding of Holocene stratigraphy provides new insights into these patterns, and other spatialhemporal aspects of the archaeological record. These insights in turn illustrate the need for comprehensive stratigraphic studies prior to the formulation of prehistoric settlement models in highly eroded environments. 0 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

show abstract

Geological contexts of the early and middle Holocene archaeological record in North Dakota and adjoining areas of the Northern Plains

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Younger Dryas “black mats” and the Rancholabrean termination in North America

Younger Dryas “black mats” and the Rancholabrean termination in North America

Holocene Cyclicity in Western North Dakota - Climate Change Interpreted From Fluctuations in Alluvial Sedimentation

Landforms and archaeological site location in the little Missouri badlands: A new look at some well‐established patterns

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About