Geological Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Cold-Water Trap in the Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Sirawai Au–Ag Deposit, Mindanao, Philippines

Large porphyry Cu and epithermal Au deposits tend to form in distinct tectonic, porphyry and high-sulfidation epithermal deposits in compressional settings, and low-sulfidation epithermal deposits in extensional settings. Given that the analysis of the shallow metallogenic dynamic processes at the upper-crust scale is insufficient, especially the ore-bearing fracture formation and fluid-focusing mechanism around the mineralizing magmatic intrusion under different tectonic backgrounds, we aimed to study how tectonic settings influence fracture formation and fluid hydrodynamics in and around a hot intrusion. We developed a finite element model coupling thermal-hydrological-mechanical processes to simulate the fracture formation, evolution of fluid velocities, and accumulation of water-rock interactions. The model results show that tectonic compression increases the degree of fracturing, hydrothermal fluid velocities, and water-rock interaction within and laterally around the intrusion; tectonic extension enhances fracturing, hydrothermal fluid velocities, and water-rock interaction at shallow depth. These results confirm that tectonic compression may promote the formation of porphyry Cu deposits, while tectonic extension may promote the formation of shallow hydrothermal deposits. Our model explains the effects of tectonic activity on fracture formation and fluid flow around hot magmatic intrusions in upper crust and deepens our understanding of the relationship between tectonic activity and deposit formation there.

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Hydrothermal-activity stage classification and power-generation potential evaluation of geothermal wells based on a natural analog study on epithermal deposits, in Japan

Takahashi¹,

Yoshiyama²

2022

Geothermics

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Geological Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Cold-Water Trap in the Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Sirawai Au–Ag Deposit, Mindanao, Philippines

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Utilization and Effectiveness of Numerical Simulation Based on a Cold-Water Trapping Mechanism for Epithermal Gold Exploration

Utilization and Effectiveness of Numerical Simulation Based on a Cold-Water Trapping Mechanism for Epithermal Gold Exploration

Influence of different tectonic settings on fracture formation and fluid flow around upper-crustal magmatic intrusion: insights from numerical modelling

Hydrothermal-activity stage classification and power-generation potential evaluation of geothermal wells based on a natural analog study on epithermal deposits, in Japan

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