Geology and ore deposits of the Picher field, Oklahoma and Kansas

McKnight, Edwin Thor; Fischer, Richard Philip

doi:10.3133/pp588

Cited by 68 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Although there are tens of thousands of mg/Kg of aluminum in local fine tailings, aluminum in Tar Creek also may be derived from erosion of clay minerals from the Mississippian-age Krebs formation, which underlies the land surface in most of the Tar Creek Basin [25]. Re-suspension of clays in streambed sediments may be an important mechanism causing exponential increases in total aluminum concentrations with increasing streamflow (Fig.…”

Section: Aluminummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The iron sulfide minerals marcasite and pyrite were ubiquitous in now-flooded underground mine workings and tailings piles on the land surface in the Picher mining district [25]. As those minerals gradually dissolve, substantial concentrations of ferrous iron seep in water discharged from the mine workings and tailings to local streams [12,32,33].…”

Section: Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with all Mississippi Valley-type mining districts, this district is underlain by carbonate host rocks [25,26]. Dissolution of the carbonate rocks tends to buffer acids formed during oxidation of iron and other metals.…”

Section: Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Selected Metals Concentrations from the Mid-1980s to the Mid-2000s in a Stream Draining the Picher Mining District of Oklahoma

Andrews¹,

Masoner²

2011

TOEBMJ

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After abandonment in the late 1960s, the Picher mining district of Oklahoma, once the largest source of lead and zinc in the world, continued to be affected by severe environmental degradation, with scattered subsidence and abundant toxic metals such as cadmium and lead seeping from flooded underground mine workings and seeping and running off from as much as 60 million tons of mine tailings remaining at the land surface. Water-quality data collected during the mid-1980s and the mid-2000s at the Tar Creek at 22nd Street Bridge in Miami, Oklahoma streamflow-gaging station (USGS number 07185095), located downstream from much of the district, indicate that total concentrations of iron, manganese, and zinc significantly decreased between the two sampling periods. Those water-quality improvements probably are due to a combination of reclamation activities and natural attenuation processes such as stabilization of exposed minerals in flooded underground mine workings, progressive wind and water erosion of the most readily erodible metalliferous particles from tailings, and colonization of volunteer plants that reduce physical erosion of soils and tailings.

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Section: Aluminummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Selected Metals Concentrations from the Mid-1980s to the Mid-2000s in a Stream Draining the Picher Mining District of Oklahoma

Andrews¹,

Masoner²

2011

TOEBMJ

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“…By the late 1950s, depressed global markets resulted in the suspension of most mining operations. By the early 1970s when mining ceased, almost 2 million tons of lead and 9 million tons of zinc had been produced (McKnight and Fischer, 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although often associated with ore-rich Rocky Mountain mining districts, one of the most challenging HAMR sites is found in northeastern Oklahoma (Nairn et al, 2001 (McKnight and Fischer, 1970;Luza, 1983). Peak mineral production occurred in the early 1920s when the mines accounted for over 55% of total U.S. zinc production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of the Tar Creek Superfund Site: An Update

Nairn¹

2002

JASMR

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Abstract:The Tar Creek Superfund Site is a portion of an abandoned lead and zinc mining area known as the Tri-State Mining District (OK, KS and MO) and includes approximately 104 km 2 of disturbed land and contaminated water resources in extreme northeastern Oklahoma. Underground mining from the 1890s through the 1960s degraded over 1000 surface ha, and produced nearly 500 km of tunnels, 165 million tonnes of processed mine waste materials (chat), 325 ha of tailings impoundments, 94 million m 3 of contaminated ground water and over 2600 shafts and boreholes. In 1979, metal-rich waters began to discharge into surface waters from natural springs, bore holes and mine shafts. The site was listed on the National Priorities List in 1983. Approximately 70% of the Superfund site is Native American owned. In 1993, an Indian Health Service study established that 35% of children had blood lead levels above threshold levels dangerous to human health. Since 1995, residential remediation efforts have been ongoing, but a holistic watershed restoration strategy has not been implemented. Current research focuses on the biogeochemistry, ecology and hydrology of existing natural wetlands, and the development of sub-watershed restoration plans. These efforts indicate that environmental problems at this site are not insurmountable, but that solutions do require substantial cooperation among federal, state, tribal and local entities. The principal final recommendation of a recent state task force was the creation of a massive wetland and wildlife refuge to ecologically address health, safety, environmental and aesthetic concerns. This plan involves the removal of two communities, construction of a large reservoir and several treatment wetlands, and creation or restoration of marshes and prairie habitat. However, significant concerns regarding the longterm effectiveness and feasibility of this plan need to be addressed.

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Lead Mineralization in Carbonate Rocks Jamrud, District Khyber, Pakistan

Ali,

Akbar

et al. 2023

Advances in Science, Technology &Amp; Innovation

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Geology and ore deposits of the Picher field, Oklahoma and Kansas

Cited by 68 publications

References 31 publications

Changes in Selected Metals Concentrations from the Mid-1980s to the Mid-2000s in a Stream Draining the Picher Mining District of Oklahoma

Changes in Selected Metals Concentrations from the Mid-1980s to the Mid-2000s in a Stream Draining the Picher Mining District of Oklahoma

Remediation of the Tar Creek Superfund Site: An Update

Lead Mineralization in Carbonate Rocks Jamrud, District Khyber, Pakistan

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