Geology and Tectonic Emplacement of Eclogite and Blueschists, Biga Peninsula, Northwest Turkey

Şengün, Fırat; Yi̇ği̇tbaş, Erdi̇nç; Tunç, İsmail Onur

doi:10.3906/yer-0912-75

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These basement rocks consist primarily of gneisses, schists, and marbles that underwent multiple metamorphic events under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions [16]. The peninsula also has plutonic and related volcanic rocks, ophiolites, and amphibolite to granulite facies metamorphic rocks [17,18]. Furthermore, the area has two major thrusted basement rock groups: the Kazda g metamorphic units and the Çamlıca metamorphic unit with high-pressure assemblages, as well as the Kemer metamorphics [19].…”

Section: Regional Geological Background Of the Biga Peninsulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis and Evolution of the Yolindi Cu-Fe Skarn Deposit in the Biga Peninsula (NW Turkey): Insights from Genetic Relationships with Calc-Alkaline Magmatic Activity

Kaya,

Kumral,

Yalçın

et al. 2023

Minerals

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The current work investigates the impact of magmatic fluids and metasomatic processes on the Yolindi Cu-Fe skarn deposit in the Biga Peninsula, Turkey. It traces the stages of skarn evolution, from prograde to retrograde alterations, and investigates findings within a broader geological, mineralogical, and geochemical framework. Additionally, it assesses the evolutionary history of the Yolindi deposit in relation to calc-alkaline magmatic activity in an island-arc environment and compares its mineral compositions and genesis with other global and regional Cu-Fe skarn deposits. The Yolindi Cu-Fe skarn deposit in the Biga Peninsula was formed by the intrusion of Şaroluk quartz monzonite pluton into Upper Paleozoic Torasan Formation rocks such as phyllite, schists, hornfels, marble, and serpentinites. During skarnification, reactions between the magmatic fluids from the Şaroluk quartz monzonite pluton and the Torasan Formation produced skarn minerals associated with metals such as Fe and Cu. Initially, these reactions formed prograde skarn minerals such as augite-rich pyroxenes and andradite garnets with magnetite and pyrite. As the system cooled, these initial minerals underwent retrograde alteration, leading to the formation of minerals such as epidote, actinolite, and chlorite, as well as other copper and iron minerals including chalcopyrite, bornite, secondary magnetite, and specular hematite. Therefore, four main stages influenced the formation of the Yolindi Cu-Fe deposit: metamorphic bimetasomatic, prograde metasomatic, and retrograde metasomatic stages. Later, oxidation and weathering resulted in supergene minerals such as cerussite, malachite, and goethite, which serve as examples of the post-metamorphic stage. The mineralogical shifts, such as the andradite–grossular transition, reflect changing hydrothermal fluid compositions and characteristics due to the addition of meteoric fluids. Importantly, the formation of magnetite after garnet and clinopyroxene during the retrograde stage is evidenced by magnetite crystals within garnet. The mineral associations of the Yolindi Cu-Fe skarn deposit align with the global skarn deposits and specific Turkish skarns (e.g., Ayazmant Fe-Cu and Evciler Cu-Au skarn deposits). The Yolindi Cu-Fe skarn deposit, in association with ore-bearing solutions having magmatic origins, developed in an island-arc setting.

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Section: Regional Geological Background Of the Biga Peninsulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis and Evolution of the Yolindi Cu-Fe Skarn Deposit in the Biga Peninsula (NW Turkey): Insights from Genetic Relationships with Calc-Alkaline Magmatic Activity

Kaya,

Kumral,

Yalçın

et al. 2023

Minerals

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“…In Turkey's Biga Penisula, the IPS and Vardar connection may be recorded by an isolated ophiolite-bearing accretionary complex active manuscript accepted to AGU Books until the Late Cretaceous (Figure 5) (e.g., Okay et al, 1991). However, this connection is debated by several researchers (Altunkaynak & Genc, 2008;Burchfiel et al, 2008;Şengün et al, 2011). Furthermore, due to the uncertain link between IPS and Izmir-Ankara-Erzincan Suture Zone (IAESZ), the relationship of the Biga Peninsula basement assemblages to those in the Rhodope-Thrace Massif is also debated (e.g., Bonev & Beccaletto, 2007;Elmas, 2012).…”

Section: Intra-pontide Suture Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Dynamics of Subduction Zone Initiation in the Aegean Region

Catlos

Çemen

2021

Preprint

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The Hellenic arc, where the African (Nubian) slab subducts beneath the Aegean and Anatolian microplates, has emerged as a type-locality for understanding subduction dynamics, including slab tear, slab fragments, drips, and transfer zones. Based on field evidence and geophysical, tectonics, and geochemical studies, it has been recognized that the subducting African slab is a primary driver for extension in the Aegean and Anatolian microplates and plays a significant role in accommodating present-day westward extrusion of the Anatolian microplate. Thus, understanding the Hellenic arc subduction zone initiation (SZI) age is critical in deciphering ancient mantle flow, how plate tectonics is maintained, and the mechanisms involved in triggering the onset of subduction. The SZI for the Hellenic arc has two disparate ages based on different lines of evidence. A Late Cenozoic (Eocene-Pliocene) SZI is proposed using the analysis of topography combined with estimates of slab age and depth, paleomagnetism, the timing of metamorphism, and volcanic activity, and timing of sedimentation within its accretionary wedge, the Mediterranean Ridge. This age follows an induced-transference SZI model, where a new subduction zone initiates following the jamming of an older subduction zone by buoyant crust due to regional compression, uplift, and underthrusting. A Late Cretaceous-Jurassic SZI age has also been proposed using reconstructions of images of subducted slabs seen using tomography and timing of obducted ophiolite fragments thought to be related to the system. In this case, the induced-transference SZI model fails, and a single subduction zone persists. As a result, continental lithospheric fragments and the ancient oceans between them become incorporated into the overall system without creating a new subduction zone. The presence of a long-lived subduction zone has implications for understanding Earth's mantle dynamics and how plate tectonics operates. This paper describes and summarizes the evidence for both models in the Aegean-Western Anatolia region.

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“…1. Location map of Biga Peninsula and generalized geological map of the Gulf of Edremit and surroundings, northwestern Turkey, with the location of the studied areas (revised from [36,37]). lignite) in Turkey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Rock Potential of Lower-Middle Miocene Lacustrine Deposits: Example of the Küçükkuyu Formation, Nw Turkey

BOZCU¹

2015

Oil Shale

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The purpose of this study was to examine the geological, stratigraphic and organic geochemical features of the Küçükkuyu Formation outcropping on Biga Peninsula, NW Turkey. The Lower-Middle Miocene formation crops out around the Gulf of Edremit and near Bayramiç-Çan in the north of the Kazdağ Mountains. The unit is composed of shale, siltstone and sandstone intercalations. The shale is bituminous and represents a potential source rock in the region.Shale samples from the formation were investigated. Rock-Eval pyrolysis, vitrinite reflectance (Ro %), gas chromatography (GC), stable C isotope and total sulfur measurements were carried out. The shale is characterized by high total organic carbon (TOC) values (0.27 to 7.44 wt%, average 1.69 wt%), indicating a good potential source rock. The kerogen types are II and III, indicating the shale to be gas and oil-prone. T max values are between 352 and 453 °C, the average value suggesting early catagenesis. The pristane/ phytane (Pr/Ph) values reveal suboxic and anoxic environments. Carbon preference index (CPI) and C isotope values reveal terrestrial OM.Geological and stratigraphic evaluations and total sulfur (TS) figures indicate that the Küçükkuyu Formation was deposited in a suboxic-anoxic, freshwater environment (lacustrine), developing brackish water conditions from time to time.

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Geology and Tectonic Emplacement of Eclogite and Blueschists, Biga Peninsula, Northwest Turkey

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Genesis and Evolution of the Yolindi Cu-Fe Skarn Deposit in the Biga Peninsula (NW Turkey): Insights from Genetic Relationships with Calc-Alkaline Magmatic Activity

Genesis and Evolution of the Yolindi Cu-Fe Skarn Deposit in the Biga Peninsula (NW Turkey): Insights from Genetic Relationships with Calc-Alkaline Magmatic Activity

A Review of the Dynamics of Subduction Zone Initiation in the Aegean Region

Source Rock Potential of Lower-Middle Miocene Lacustrine Deposits: Example of the Küçükkuyu Formation, Nw Turkey

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