Geology, distribution, and classification of gold deposits in the western Qinling belt, central China

Mao, Jingwen; Qiu, Yumin; Goldfarb, Richard J.; Zhang, Zhaochong; Garwin, Steve; Fengshou, Ren

doi:10.1007/s00126-001-0249-0

Cited by 158 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…they may be epizonal analogues of nearby mesozonal orogenic gold deposits with gold transport by metamorphic fluids Mao et al, 2002). Likewise, evidence from CTD in the Dian-Qian-Gui area is consistent with an epizonal orogenic model Hu et al, 2002;Su et al, 2009aSu et al, , 2009b.…”

Section: New Ideas About the Geochemistry Of Epithermal Depositsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…CTD typically occur below a less permeable caprock consisting of shaley slope or basin facies rocks that were either thrust over the platform margin during the early Mississippian Antler orogeny or overlain by Mississippian shales deposited in the adjacent foredeep (Hofstra and Cline, 2000). In the West Qinling belt, orogenic gold deposits occur in metamorphosed Devonian and Carboniferous siliciclastic rocks of the accretionary prism, and CTD occur in Triassic Songpan-Ganzi basin flysch or Neoproterozoic-Permian miogeoclinal rocks along the northern margin of the Precambrian Yangtze craton that were deformed by a south-verging foreland fold-and-thrust belt (Mao et al, 2002). Both gold deposit types are inferred to have formed after peak deformation, metamorphism, and magmatism (c.245-220 Ma) during the final stages of contraction (Mao et al, 2002), transpression (Vielreicher et al, 2002), or postcollisional uplift and extension of the Triassic Qinling collisional orogen.…”

Section: Age and Geologic Setting Of Ctdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Gold Deposits

Saunders

Hofstra²,

Goldfarb³

et al. 2014

Treatise on Geochemistry

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Section: New Ideas About the Geochemistry Of Epithermal Depositsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Age and Geologic Setting Of Ctdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Gold Deposits

Saunders

Hofstra²,

Goldfarb³

et al. 2014

Treatise on Geochemistry

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“…These two epochs were also considered to be the fastigiums of gold mineralization in China (Zhai et al 2002;Mao et al 2002). The early Tertiary magmatic-hydrothermal epoch is consistent with the major metallogenic age of gold deposits in southwestern China (Chen et al 2001), and the magmatic-hydrothermal activity may be linked to the continental-continental collision of the penetrating Indian plate and Eurasian plate.…”

Section: Geological Significance Of the Shrimp Age And Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

U-Pb SHRIMP dating of zircon from quartz veins at the Yangshan gold deposit: Evidence for multiple magmatic-hydrothermal events

Jin-zhong

Shisong

et al. 2005

Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge

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The Yangshan gold deposit is a fine-grained disseminated gold deposit located in south Gansu province. The metallogenic age was determined by cathodoluminescence imaging and U-Pb SHRIMP techniques. Zircons associated with quartz veins containing finegrained disseminated gold ore have typical magmatic features including pillar idiomorphism, rhythmic zoning, and Th/U ratio of 0.5 to 1.5. Average 206 Pb/ 238 U ages of 197.6 ±1.7 Ma, 126.9±3.2 Ma, and 51.2±1.3 Ma define three primary zircon populations. The former age correlates to K-Ar ages (189.4±7.2 Ma mean) for plagiogranite dikes, while the later two ages suggest buried Cretaceous and Tertiary intrusives in or near the ore field. The Yangshan gold deposit is genetically related to the three magmatic-hydrothermal events.

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“…1b). These faults and their subsidiary structures control the distribution of gold deposits in the West Qinling orogen (Mao et al 2002;Chen et al 2004).…”

Section: Geological Background Geology Of the West Qinling Orogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The West Qinling orogen in central China hosts numerous sediment-hosted gold deposits and is one of the largest goldproducing areas in the country (Mao et al 2002;Chen et al 2004). Several important sediment-hosted gold deposits, such as Qiuling, are present on the southern flank of the West Qinling orogen and are mostly hosted in Devonian and Carboniferous marine clastic and carbonate rocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme variation of sulfur isotopic compositions in pyrite from the Qiuling sediment-hosted gold deposit, West Qinling orogen, central China: an in situ SIMS study with implications for the source of sulfur

Chen

et al. 2015

Miner Deposita

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High spatial resolution textural (scanning electron microscope (SEM)), chemical (electron microprobe (EMP)) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)), and sulfur isotopic (secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)) analyses of pyrite from the Qiuling sediment-hosted gold deposit (232±4 Ma) in the West Qinling orogen, central China were conducted to distinguish pyrite types and gain insights into the source and evolution of sulfur in hydrothermal fluids. The results reveal an enormous variation (−27.1 to +69.6‰) in sulfur isotopic composition of pyrite deposited during three paragenetic stages. Pre-ore framboidal pyrite, which is characterized by low concentrations of As, Au, Cu, Co, and Ni, has negative δ 34 S values of −27.1 to −7.6‰ that are interpreted in terms of bacterial reduction of marine sulfate during sedimentation and diagenesis of the Paleozoic carbonate and clastic sequences, the predominant lithologies in the deposit area, and the most important hosts of many sediment-hosted gold deposits throughout the West Qinling orogen. The ore-stage hydrothermal pyrite contains high concentrations of Au, As, Cu, Sb, Tl, and Bi and has a relatively narrow range of positive δ 34 S values ranging from +8.1 to +15.2‰. The sulfur isotope data are comparable to those of ore pyrite from many Triassic orogenic gold deposits and Paleozoic sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) Pb-Zn deposits in the West Qinling orogen, both being hosted mainly in the Devonian sequence. This similarity indicates that sulfur, responsible for the auriferous pyrite at Qiuling, was largely derived from the metamorphic devolatization of Paleozoic marine sedimentary rocks. Post-ore-stage pyrite, which is significantly enriched in Co and Ni but depleted in Au and As, has unusually high δ 34 S values ranging from +37.4 to +69.6 ‰, that are interpreted to result from thermochemical reduction of evaporite sulfates in underlying Cambrian sedimentary rocks with very high δ 34 S values. The variations in Au content and sulfur isotopic compositions across a single ore-stage pyrite grain may reflect displacement of indigenous groundwater with low δ 34 S values by auriferous metamorphic fluids with high δ 34 S values. The very low-grade metamorphism of the host rocks and the metamorphic derivation of sulfur for the ore pyrite indicate that the Qiuling sediment-hosted gold deposit is an epizonal manifestation of an orogenic gold system in the West Qinling orogen.

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Geology, distribution, and classification of gold deposits in the western Qinling belt, central China

Cited by 158 publications

References 36 publications

Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Gold Deposits

Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Gold Deposits

U-Pb SHRIMP dating of zircon from quartz veins at the Yangshan gold deposit: Evidence for multiple magmatic-hydrothermal events

Extreme variation of sulfur isotopic compositions in pyrite from the Qiuling sediment-hosted gold deposit, West Qinling orogen, central China: an in situ SIMS study with implications for the source of sulfur

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