Geology, fluid inclusion, and stable isotope study of the skarn-related Pb–Zn (Cu–Fe–Sn) polymetallic deposits in the southern Great Xing’an Range, China: implications for deposit type and metallogenesis

Wang, Chengyang; Li, Jianfeng; Wang, Ke-Yong; Qian, Yu; Liu, Guanghu

doi:10.1007/s12517-018-3417-6

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…High-temperature hydrothermal systems (e.g., skarn and magmatic-hydrothermal deposits) exhibit smaller Cd isotopic variations than low-temperature hydrothermal systems (e.g., MVT deposits). Skarn and magmatic-hydrothermal deposits, such as the Baiyinnuoer (166-480°C; Wang et al, 2018) and Shagou (157-267°C; Li et al, 2013) deposits, exhibit the range of δ 114/110 Cd NIST-3108 values of 0.26 to 0.01‰ and 0.06 to 0.01‰, respectively (Wen et al, 2016). MVT deposits, such as the Fule (93-200°C; Liang, 2017) and Daliangzi (213-283°C;Wu, 2013) deposits, exhibit greater range of δ 114/110 Cd NIST-3108 values of 0.06 to 0.58‰ (Zhu et al, 2017(Zhu et al, , 2018 and 0.22 to 0.32‰ (Xu et al, 2020), respectively (Table S1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sphalerite Records Cd Isotopic Signatures of the Parent Rocks in Hydrothermal Systems: A Case Study From the Nayongzhi Zn–Pb Deposit, Southwest China

Song,

Zhu,

Wen

et al. 2024

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Metal stable isotopes (e.g., Zn, Cd, and Cu) have been used to track metal sources in different types of hydrothermal systems. However, metal isotopic variations in sulphides could be triggered by various factors such as mineral precipitation and fluid mixing. Thus, tracking the metal sources of hydrothermal systems is still a big challenge for metal isotopes. In this study, we investigated the Cd isotopic systematics of sphalerite from the Nayongzhi Zn–Pb deposit, which is a Mississippi Valley‐type (MVT) deposit in the Sichuan–Yunnan–Guizhou mineralization province (SYGMP). We reinterpreted the published S isotope data for the SYGMP and found that the large S isotopic variations were controlled by Rayleigh fractionation between sulphide and reduced S. As such, a model that involves mixing of a metal‐rich fluid with a reduced S pool formed by thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) can explain the ore formation in the Nayongzhi deposit. Based on this model, no Cd isotopic fractionation was observed due to its low solubility in fluids during mixing, and thus the Cd isotopic variations of sphalerite were inherited from the source rocks. The large range of Zn/Cd ratios and uniform Cd isotopic compositions of the sulphides are similar to those of igneous rocks but different from those of sedimentary rocks, indicating that Zn and Cd were derived mainly from basement rocks (e.g., migmatite, gneiss, and granulite). Our results reaffirm that metal stable isotopes, particularly Cd isotope compositions of sphalerite, are powerful geochemical tracers for investigating the formation mechanisms of ore deposits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sphalerite Records Cd Isotopic Signatures of the Parent Rocks in Hydrothermal Systems: A Case Study From the Nayongzhi Zn–Pb Deposit, Southwest China

Song,

Zhu,

Wen

et al. 2024

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Hongling Pb-Zn skarn comprises an important part of this belt, with a total resource of 0.29 million metric tons (Mt) Zn at an average grade of 4.24%, 0.15 Mt Pb at an average grade of 2.25%, and 2.91 Mt Fe at an average grade of 28.7%, accompanied by less important Sn, Cu, Bi, and Au [31,32]. Previous studies have focused on the Pb-Zn skarn-related geology, chronology, and fluid inclusions [32][33][34][35][36], with minor focus on Sn mineralization in the skarns [37]. Except for Fe skarn, Fe-Zn skarn, and Pb-Zn-(Cu) skarn, minor Sn and W mineralization is also reported, not only in the skarns, but also in the granite porphyry of the surrounding area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of Fluid Exsolution and Sn–W Precipitation: Example from the Hongling Pb–Zn Polymetallic Deposit and the Surrounding Area in Northern China

Shan,

Xie,

et al. 2023

Minerals

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Metal migration and precipitation in hydrothermal fluids are important topics in economic geology. The Hongling polymetallic deposit comprises one of the most important parts of the Huanggangliang–Ganzhuermiao polymetallic metallogenic belt, which is in eastern Inner Mongolia. Except for lead–zinc skarn, minor cassiterite in the skarn and disseminated W–Sn mineralization in granitic rocks have also been found. The dominant Sn–W mineralization is in the northern part of the deposit, occurring as disseminated wolframite and cassiterite in aplite hosted in Mesozoic granite porphyry. The aplite together with pegmatite K-feldspar–quartz comprises vein dikes hosted in the granite porphyry, providing evidence for the transition from melt to fluid. The veins, dikes, and Sn–W mineralization in the aplite provide an opportunity to investigate fluid exsolution and the mechanics of metal precipitation. Based on field observations, the micrographic and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) results of the vein dikes, chronology, and the whole-rock geochemistry of the host rock, together with the fluid inclusion results, this paper discusses the characteristics of the causative magma, the mechanics of fluid exsolution and W–Sn precipitation. Our results show that the causative magma is of highly fractionated A-type granite affinity and has an intrusive age of late Mesozoic (133.3 ± 0.86 Ma). The magmatic evolution during shallow emplacement led to immiscibility between highly volatile, high-silica, and W- and Sn-enriched melts from the parent magma, followed by fluid exsolution from the water-rich melt. The alkaline-rich fluid exsolution led to a change in the redox state of the magma and the chilling of the melt. Fluid boiling occurred soon after the fluid exsolution and was accompanied by the degassing of CO2. The boiling and escape of CO2 from the fluid led to changes in fluid redox and W and Sn precipitation; thus, the W and Sn mineralization are mostly hosted in causative intrusions or peripheral wall rocks, which can be used as indicators for Sn–W exploration in the area.

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The geochronology of the Haobugao skarn Zn-Pb deposit (NE China) using garnet LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating

Hong

Zhang

Zhai

et al. 2021

Ore Geology Reviews

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Geology, fluid inclusion, and stable isotope study of the skarn-related Pb–Zn (Cu–Fe–Sn) polymetallic deposits in the southern Great Xing’an Range, China: implications for deposit type and metallogenesis

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Sphalerite Records Cd Isotopic Signatures of the Parent Rocks in Hydrothermal Systems: A Case Study From the Nayongzhi Zn–Pb Deposit, Southwest China

Sphalerite Records Cd Isotopic Signatures of the Parent Rocks in Hydrothermal Systems: A Case Study From the Nayongzhi Zn–Pb Deposit, Southwest China

The Mechanism of Fluid Exsolution and Sn–W Precipitation: Example from the Hongling Pb–Zn Polymetallic Deposit and the Surrounding Area in Northern China

The geochronology of the Haobugao skarn Zn-Pb deposit (NE China) using garnet LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating

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