Geology of quadrangles H-12, H-13, and parts of I-12 and I-13, (zone III) in northeastern Santander Department, Colombia

Ward, Dwight Edward; Goldsmith, Richard; Cruz, Jaime B.; Restrepo, Hernan A.

doi:10.3133/ofr74258

Cited by 13 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…According to mineral assemblages investigated by the authors, there are interesting petrological data that can be related from the northern to the southern parts of the CSM, with a decreasing in metamorphic zones from the core of the CSM to its peripheral parts, where an extensive staurolite-kyanite zone has been developed, with a strong structural control that produce a thinning of the garnet and biotite zone. Therefore, we don´t agree with the original zonal scheme, taking into account that Ward et al (1970) suggest a reversal distribution of the metamorphic zones with a staurolite zone to the east and a biotite zone to the west, the last of them including the Floresta Formation. We document progressive changes in mineral assemblage zones in these rocks, although the regional distribution of assemblages has not yet been mapped.…”

Section: Metamorphismsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The metamorphism of the Silgará Formation at the CSM is characterized by the occurrence of typical index minerals of Barrovian type metamorphism. Based on mineral assemblages, the Silgará Formation at the study area can be divided into a Barrovian-type facies series of biotite, garnet and staurolite-kyanite zones, modifying the metamorphic isograds reported by Ward et al (1970) and revealing a complex metamorphic and deformational history for this geologic unit. According to mineral assemblages investigated by the authors, there are interesting petrological data that can be related from the northern to the southern parts of the CSM, with a decreasing in metamorphic zones from the core of the CSM to its peripheral parts, where an extensive staurolite-kyanite zone has been developed, with a strong structural control that produce a thinning of the garnet and biotite zone.…”

Section: Metamorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Santander Massif ( , which has contributed to modify the classic scheme of metamorphic zones and isograds proposed by Ward et al (1969Ward et al ( , 1970Ward et al ( , 1973. However, the Central Santander Massif (CSM) is probably the most important region in this ancient massif.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of chloritoid-bearing metapelitic rocks and their significance in the metamorphism of the Silgará Formation at the Central Santander Massif

2016

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We report here for the first time the occurrence of chloritoid in Mg-Al-rich metapelitic rocks of the Silgará Formation at the Central Santander Massif, which was metamorphosed up to the amphibolite facies. These rocks contain an unusual mineral assemblage such as quartz + biotite + muscovite + garnet + staurolite ± kyanite ± chloritoid, with minor plagioclase and K-feldspar, and Fe-Ti oxides as the main accessory phases. Associated carbonate rocks containing the mineral assemblage tremolite + calcite. Chloritoid occurs as porphyroblastic tablets in graphite-bearing metapelitic schists highly tectonized that can be associated to the influence of the major tectonic structures in the study area. The occurrence of chloritoid as an index mineral in metapelitic rocks of the Silgará Formation is attributed to a thermal event (associated to the emplacement of small granitic masses) overimposed on the regional metamorphism.Key words: Chloritoid, Metapelitic rocks, Silgará Formation, Central Santander Massif, Colombian Andes.Ocurrencia de rocas metapelíticas con presencia de cloritoide y su significado en el metamorfismo de la Formación Silgará en la región central del Macizo de Santander ResumenEn el presente estudio se reporta por primera vez la aparición de cloritoide en metapelitas ricas en Mg-Al de la Formación Silgará en la región central del Macizo de Santander, las cuales fueron afectadas por un metamorfismo hasta en facies anfibolita. Estas rocas contienen una asociación mineral inusual, tal como cuarzo + biotita + moscovita + granate + estaurolita ± cianita ± cloritoide, con menor plagioclasa y feldespato potásico, y óxidos de Fe-Ti como las principales fases accesorias. Rocas carbonatadas asociadas contienen la asociación mineral tremolita + calcita. El cloritoide ocurre como porfidoblastos tabulares en esquistos metapelíticos con grafito fuertemente tectonizados que pueden asociarse a la influencia de las principales estructuras tectónicas en el área de estudio. La ocurrencia de cloritoide como un mineral índice en las rocas metapelíticas de la Formación Silgará se atribuye a un evento térmico (asociado al emplazamiento de pequeñas masas graníticas) sobreimpuesto al metamorfismo regional.Palabras clave: Cloritoide, Rocas metapelíticas, Formación Silgará, Región Central del Macizo de Santander, Andes Colombianos.

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Section: Metamorphismsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Metamorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of chloritoid-bearing metapelitic rocks and their significance in the metamorphism of the Silgará Formation at the Central Santander Massif

2016

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“…The specimen herein described as Cenomanocarcinus renfroae was collected about 100 km north of Bogotá, between the Departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá (Figure 3), in upper Albian to Cenomanian rocks of the Simití Formation (Petters, 1954;Ward et al, 1973;EtayoSerna et al, 1986). The Simití Formation is composed of 250 -650 m slightly calcareous black to gray shales, with calcareous concretions (several meters in diameter) with thin interstratified layers of sandstone and gray limestone that are argillaceous and fossiliferous (Figure 4).…”

Section: Simití Formation Boundary Between Cundinamarca and Boyacá Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

On some Panamerican Cretaceous crabs (Decapoda: Raninoida)

Vega

Nyborg

Kovalchuk³

et al. 2010

BSGM

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Decapod crustacean specimens recently collected from new and previously reported localities of USA, Mexico, and Colombia, as well as a review of species of uncertain affinity, add important information to complete the descriptions and paleobiological knowledge of some Cretaceous primitive crabs. The stratigraphic range for the genus Cenomanocarcinus is formally extended from the upper Albian to Campanian, based on occurrences from Colombia, Oklahoma and Mexico. Specimens of Cenomanocarcinus vanstraeleni from the Turonian of Mexico and Colombia include features not described previously for this species, such as variation in the shape and ornament of chelae. Necrocarcinus renfroae is here included in the genus Cenomanocarcinus, based on features of dorsal and ventral carapaces, as well as shape of pereiopods, and its occurrence is documented from the upper Albian of Colombia. Orithopsis tricarinata is reported for the first time in America from upper Albian deposits of Oregon and Colombia; the shape of the sternum confirms close affinities with the Cenomanocarcinidae and the family Orithopsidae is here included in the section Raninoida and restricted to the genus Orithopsis.Keywords: Crustacea, Raninoida, Cretaceous, North America, South America. Resumen Crustáceos decápodos colectados recientemente en localidades nuevas y previamente reportadas de

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“…Figure 1. Generalized geological map of the Santander Massif modified after Ward et al (1970Ward et al ( , 1973. Open stars indicate the location of staurolite-bearing metapelitic rocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrologic significance of Fe-rich staurolite in pelitic schists of the Silgará Formation, Santander Massif

Ríos

Castellanos

2016

Earth sci. res. j.

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Medium grade metapelites of the Silgará Formation at the Santander Massif (Colombian Andes) have been affected by a medium-pressure/high-temperature Barrovian type of metamorphism, developing a sequence of metamorphic zones (biotite, garnet, staurolite and sillimanite). These rocks record a complex tectonometamorphic evolution and reaction history. Metapelitic rocks from the staurolite zone are typically foliated, medium-to coarse-grained, pelitic to semipelitic schists that contain the mineral assemblage biotite + garnet + staurolite ± kyanite; all contain muscovite + quartz + plagioclase with minor K-feldspar, tourmaline, apatite, zircon, epidote, calcite, and Fe-Ti oxides. Field and microscopic evidences reveal that Fe-rich staurolite in pelitic schists is involved in several chemical reactions, which explains its formation and transformation to other minerals, which are very important to elucidate the reaction history of the Silgará Formation metapelites.Medium grade metapelites of the Silgará Formation en el Macizo de Santander (Andes Colombianos) han sido afectadas por un metamorfismo de tipo Barroviense, el cual se ha producido en condiciones de media presión y alta temperatura, desarrollando una secuencia de zonas metamórficas (biotita, granate, estaurolita y silimanita). Estas rocas registran una evolución tectono-metamórfico e historia reacción compleja. Las metapelitas de la zona de la estaurolita están representadas por esquistos pelíticos a semipelíticos de grano medio a grueso típicamente foliados que contienen la paragénesis mineral biotita + granate + estaurolita ± cianita; todos contienen moscovita + cuarzo + plagioclasa con menor feldespato potásico, turmalina, apatito, zircón, epidota, calcita, y óxidos de Fe-Ti. Evidencias de campo y microscópicas revelan que la estaurolita rica en Fe en esquistos pelíticos se involucró en varias reacciones químicas a partir de las cuales esta se formó o transformó a otra fase mineral, lo cual es muy importante para dilucidar la historia de reacción de los metapelitas de la Formación Silgará. ABSTRACT RESUMEN

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Geology of quadrangles H-12, H-13, and parts of I-12 and I-13, (zone III) in northeastern Santander Department, Colombia

Abstract: A program of geologic mapping and mineral investigation inColombia was undertaken cooperatively by the Colombian Institute Nacional de Investigaciones Geologioc-Mineras (formerly known as che

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Occurrence of chloritoid-bearing metapelitic rocks and their significance in the metamorphism of the Silgará Formation at the Central Santander Massif

Occurrence of chloritoid-bearing metapelitic rocks and their significance in the metamorphism of the Silgará Formation at the Central Santander Massif

On some Panamerican Cretaceous crabs (Decapoda: Raninoida)

Petrologic significance of Fe-rich staurolite in pelitic schists of the Silgará Formation, Santander Massif

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