Geology of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory site and adjacent areas

Carpenter, Delph; Sweeney, J.J.; Kasameyer, P.W.; Burkhard, N.R.; Knauss, Kevin G.; Shlemon, Roy J.

doi:10.2172/6050765

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…The aquifer is formed in a Pliocene age nonmarine depositional sequence consisting of dense silty sand gradational to silty sandstone with minor gravel (Carpenter et al 1984). The sediment was collected as a single batch, homogenized, sieved (< 5 mm), and air-dried prior to use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Radon-222 as Natural Tracer for Monitoring the Remediation of NAPL in the Subsurface

Davis¹,

Semprini²,

Istok³

2003

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARYNaturally occurring 222-radon in ground water can potentially be used as an in situ partitioning tracer to characterize dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) saturations. The static method involves comparing radon concentrations in water samples from DNAPL-contaminated and non-contaminated portions of an aquifer. During a push-pull test, a known volume of test solution (radon-free water containing a conservative tracer) is first injected ("pushed") into a well; flow is then reversed and the test solution/groundwater mixture is extracted ("pulled") from the same well. In the presence of NAPL radon transport is retarded relative to the conservative tracer. Assuming linear equilibrium partitioning, retardation factors for radon can be used to estimate NAPL saturations. The utility of this methodology was evaluated in laboratory and field settings. Laboratory push-pull tests were conducted in both non-contaminated and trichloroethene NAPL (TCE)-contaminated sediment packs before-and after alcohol cosolvent flushing and pump-and-treat remediation; field push-pull tests were conducted in wells located in non-contaminated and light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL)-contaminated portions of an aquifer at a former petroleum refinery. The laboratory and field push-pull tests demonstrated that radon retardation does occur in the presence of TCE and LNAPL and that radon retardation can be used to calculate TCE saturations. However, nonequilibrium radon partitioning and heterogeneous TCE distributions may affect the retardation factors and TCE saturation estimates. Numerical simulations were used to further investigate the influence of 1) initial radon concentration, which varies as a function of NAPL saturation and 2) heterogeneity in NAPL saturation distribution within the radius of influence of the push-pull test.A method is described for determining the partition coefficient for radon in the presence of NAPL. The method uses sequential extractions of radon into equal volume aliquots of organic solvent. The radon-laden organic liquid is then counted on a liquid scintillation analyzer with alpha-beta separation. The high quench resistance and counting efficiency of alpha particles by liquid scintillation methods are ideal for counting a variety of aromatic, aliphatic, and cyclic organic solvent and scintillation cocktail mixtures. Accurate knowledge of the instrument counting efficiency, quench, and standard solution activity are not required. Replicate measurements of the aqueous-organic radon partition coefficient on benzene, toluene, o-xylene, n-hexane, cyclohexane, trichloroethene, and perchloroethene showed excellent agreement with theoretical radon partition coefficients derived from Ostwald solubility coefficients. The method was also used to determine the aqueous-organic radon partition coefficient for several commercial liquid scintillation solutions. 4 LITERATURE REVIEW CHLORINATED ALIPHATICS AND DNAPLsChlorinated solvents have seen prolific use in the industrialized world throughout the twentieth...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Radon-222 as Natural Tracer for Monitoring the Remediation of NAPL in the Subsurface

Davis¹,

Semprini²,

Istok³

2003

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“…The hydrogeology and movement of ground water in the vicinity of the Livermore site have been the subjects of several investigations (Stone and Ruggieri 1983;Carpenter et al 1984;Webster-Scholten and Hall 1988;and Thorpe et al 1990). This section has been summarized from the reports of these investigations and from data supplied by Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District Zone 7, the agency responsible for ground water management in the Livermore Valley basin (San Francisco Bay RWQCB 1982a and b).…”

Section: Hydrogeology Livermore Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Site Annual Environmental Report for 1997 (SAER)

Biermann¹,

Althouse²,

Brandstetter³

et al. 1998

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“…Detailed discussions of these investigations can be found in Stone and Ruggieri (1983); Carpenter et al (1984); Webster-Scholten and Hall (1988); and Thorpe et al (1990). This section has been summarized from the reports of these investigations and from data supplied by Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District Zone 7, the agency responsible for ground water management in the Livermore Valley basin (San Francisco Bay RWQCB 1982).…”

Section: Hydrogeology Livermore Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 1.6 km to the west of the Livermore site, Arroyo Seco merges with Arroyo Las Positas, which continues to the west to eventually merge with Arroyo Mocho. An abandoned stream channel is visible on air-photo maps of the site east of the present alignment of Arroyo Seco (Carpenter et al 1984). A Drainage Retention Basin for storm water diversion and flood control was excavated and constructed to the north and west of Building 551 and collects surface water runoff from the site and a portion of the Arroyo Las Positas drainage.…”

Section: Surface Drainagementioning

confidence: 99%