Geology, Toronto-Windsor area, Ontario

Sanford, B. V.

doi:10.4095/109120

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The regional geology of the project area is characterized by glacial, inter-glacial, and glacial lacustrine deposits Fig. 4 Regional bedrock stratigraphy near Toronto (modified after [4])…”

Section: General Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ontario Line, another milestone in developing Toronto's public transit system

Neugebauer¹,

Chesser²,

Meyer³

et al. 2023

Geomechanics and Tunnelling

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The new Ontario Line is one of four priority transit projects announced by the province of Ontario in 2019 for the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). It will be a 15.6 km stand‐alone rapid transit line that will run through the city from Exhibition/Ontario Place in the southwest, through the heart of downtown Toronto, all the way to the Ontario Science Centre in the northeast. Over half of the route (9 km) is planned to run underground through new tunnels, with the remainder running along elevated and at‐grade rail corridor sections of track. Fifteen new stations are proposed, whereby eight are planned as deep underground structures. Most of these underground stations will be built in the downtown core, with numerous connections to the broader transit network of the GTA, including GO Transit rail services, the Toronto Transit Commission's (TTC) existing subway Lines 1 and 2, the Line 5 (Eglinton Crosstown LRT) currently under construction, as well as numerous bus and streetcar routes. The expected project benefits of Ontario Line are as follows: A faster and more reliable access to rapid transit system with more than 227,500 people living within walking distance to the new line. Reduction in crowding of existing Line 1 subway. Up to 47,000 jobs accessible by transit in 45 min or less for Toronto residents. Economic and community growth along the future transit line and significant reduction in traffic congestion and greenhouse gases by providing alternative transportation options. The Ontario Line is currently being delivered through a number of contracts with different procurement approaches.

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“…The regional geology of the project area is characterized by glacial, inter-glacial, and glacial lacustrine deposits Fig. 4 Regional bedrock stratigraphy near Toronto (modified after [4])…”

Section: General Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ontario Line, another milestone in developing Toronto's public transit system

Neugebauer¹,

Chesser²,

Meyer³

et al. 2023

Geomechanics and Tunnelling

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“…Only the one ing by the Flintkote Company of Canada. An authenticated exposure is shown on recent maps "environmental protection area" has been selec- (Sanford 1969;Hewitt and Liberty 1972; Telford ted by the company and will remain under 1975). This outcrop of flat-lying sediments, company ownership, but it contains little of located about 3.0 km NE of the village of Nelles biological significance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Oriskany sandstone outcrop and associated natural features, a unique occurrence in Canada

Fahselt,

Maycock,

Winder

et al. 1979

The Canadian Field-Naturalist

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An unusual type of oak-hickory forest not reported previously in Ontario has been found growing on sandstone in the southern part of the province. The sandstone is the middle Lower Devonian Oriskany Formation (approximately 380 million years old), a unit which crops out to no significant extent anywhere else in Canada and is found only toa very limited degree in the subsurface. This highly fossiliferous outcrop has a total areal extent of less than 250 ha (1 mi'), most of it either under a thin cover of sandy soil or exposed as actual outcrop. Although the site is very dry it is unusually rich in plant species composition; at least 40 tree species grow in the area including an unusually large representation of oaks. There is an unexpectedly large number of understorey species for a dry forest. Some species in the understorey are more northerly elements that are quite uncommon in southern Ontario; others are southern species which are rare throughout their range in Ontario. A number of prairie associates are present as well. Twenty-two of the plants are rare in Ontario. The site serves as habitat for Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta(Black Rat Snake), one of the largest species of snake in Canada, whose southern Ontario populations are declining.

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Reef‐capping laminites in the Upper Silurian carbonate‐ to‐evaporite transition, Michigan Basin, south‐western Ontario

Coniglio¹,

Frizzell²,

Pratt

2004

Sedimentology

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Silurian pinnacle reefs in the subsurface of the south‐western Ontario portion of the Michigan Basin display a variety of laminated carbonates (laminites) within predominantly muddy reef‐capping facies in the upper part of the Guelph Formation and the overlying A‐1 Carbonate of the Salina Group. Laminites, which are limestone, dolomite or partially dolomitized limestones, have a range of morphologies, from simple planar to a variety of wavy and serrated forms. Individual laminae are composed mainly of micrite, microspar or replacive dolomite, and vary internally from isopachous and continuous over the diameter of the core to non‐isopachous and often discontinuous. Clotted and peloidal micrite, sometimes defining small knobs and chambers, is interpreted as being microbial in origin and occurs within all types of laminites. Fibrous cement locally comprises laminite clasts in breccias or coats clasts in breccias, and also occurs as spherulites in the interparticle spaces in breccias. Although similar laminites have been described from elsewhere in the Michigan Basin and interpreted as caliche, travertine and abiotic subtidal stromatolites, the laminites in south‐western Ontario are most realistically regarded as microbial. The causes for the variations in morphology and characteristics of the constituent laminae are uncertain, although fluctuations in local microenvironmental conditions would have been important, set against a backdrop of an increasingly restricted overall setting. Caliche or travertine origins for these laminites are unlikely in general, except perhaps locally at the subaerial exposure surface at the tops of pinnacle reefs.

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Geology, Toronto-Windsor area, Ontario

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

The Ontario Line, another milestone in developing Toronto's public transit system

The Ontario Line, another milestone in developing Toronto's public transit system

The Oriskany sandstone outcrop and associated natural features, a unique occurrence in Canada

Reef‐capping laminites in the Upper Silurian carbonate‐ to‐evaporite transition, Michigan Basin, south‐western Ontario

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