Abstract. The Lower Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation of the Kuqa Depression is made up of
ultra-deeply buried sandstones in fold-and-thrust belts. Few researches have
linked diagenetic processes with structure. To fill this gap, a
comprehensive analysis integrating diagenesis with structure pattern,
fracture and in situ stress is performed following a structural diagenetic
approach. The results show that the pore spaces include residual
intergranular pores, intergranular and intragranular dissolution pores, and
micro-fractures. The sandstones experienced a high degree of mechanical
compaction, but compaction is limited in well-sorted rocks or abundant in
rigid quartz grains. The most volumetrically important diagenetic minerals
are calcites. The framework grains experienced a varied degree of
dissolution, and intergranular and intragranular dissolution pores are
formed. Special attention is paid on the dissolution associated with the
fracture planes. Large numbers of natural fractures are cemented by
carbonate cements, which limit fluid flow. In addition, the presence of
fracture enhances dissolution and the fracture planes are enlarged by
dissolution. Cementation and dissolution can occur simultaneously in
fracture surfaces, and the enlarged fracture surfaces can be cemented by
late-stage cements. The in situ stress magnitudes are calculated using well
logs. The horizontal stress difference (Δσ) determines the
degree of mechanical compaction, and rocks associated with low Δσ experienced a low degree of compaction, and these contain
preserved intergranular pores. Natural fractures are mainly related to the
low Δσ layers. The presence of intergranular and
intragranular dissolution pores is mainly associated with the fractured
zones. The high-quality reservoirs with intergranular pores or fractures are
related to low Δσ layers. The structural diagenesis
researches above help the prediction of reservoir quality in ultra-deep
sandstones and reduce the uncertainty in deep natural gas exploration in
the Kuqa Depression.