Geometric Models for Seed Shape Description and Quantification in the Cactaceae

Gómez, José Javier Martín; Pozo, Diego Gutiérrez del; Cervantés, Emilio

doi:10.3390/plants10112546

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In these measurements, the comparison of the coefficients of variation gives a better idea than the standard deviation of how values vary in each group as well as between groups. In agreement with our previous results in other families, solidity is the more conserved index among all the general morphological measurements [50,51], both between…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Geometric Analysis of Seed Shape Diversity in the Cucurbitaceae

Martín-Gómez,

Gutiérrez del Pozo,

Rodríguez-Lorenzo

et al. 2023

Seeds

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The Cucurbitaceae is a monophyletic family with close to 1000 species of climbers, including important agronomic species and varieties characterized by tendrils and pepo fruits. The seed’s morphology is varied, and the development and structure of the seed coat have been described in detail on some species. Overall description of the seed shape is based on terms comparing it with geometric figures, but quantitative methods are lacking in the literature. Here we apply a general morphological analysis to seeds of representative genera of the Cucurbitaceae, followed by curvature analysis in the poles and symmetry analysis. These methods are useful for the quantitative description of seed shape and the comparison between species and varieties. Differences between species were found for most morphological measurements, as well as for symmetry and curvature values. The comparison between three species of Cucumis (Cucumis sativus, C. myriocarpus and C. melo) and two varieties of C. melo reveals differences between species and varieties both in curvature and symmetry. The results obtained from both methods, curvature and symmetry analysis, form similar groupings in a cluster analysis. The methods described here were applied for the identification of agronomic varieties and the quantitative description of seed shape in taxonomy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Geometric Analysis of Seed Shape Diversity in the Cucurbitaceae

Martín-Gómez,

Gutiérrez del Pozo,

Rodríguez-Lorenzo

et al. 2023

Seeds

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“…Our results indicated less variation in shape than in size, and still less variation for J index than for other general shape measurements (aspect ratio, circularity, roundness). This is similar to those results obtained for the analysis of seed shape in genera of the Cactaceae [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Departing from studies in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., Lotus japonicus (Regel) K. Larsen, and Medicago truncatula Gaertn [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], morphological descriptions based on geometric models have been applied to seeds in diverse taxa and families, such as Capparis spinosa L. (Capparaceae) [ 7 ], Rhus tripartita (Ucria) Grande (Anacardiaceae) [ 8 ], Jatropha curcas L. and Ricinus communis L. (Euphorbiaceae) [ 9 , 10 ], as well as Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae) [ 11 ]. Reviews of seed morphology based on this method have been applied to the families Arecaceae [ 12 ], Cactaceae [ 13 ], and Vitaceae [ 14 ], and general overviews of the subject were presented in the orders Cucurbitales [ 15 ], and Ranunculales [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Geometric Models for Shape Quantification of the Dorsal View in Seeds of Silene Species

Rodríguez-Lorenzo

Gómez

Juan

et al. 2022

Plants

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The description of shape in Silene seeds is based on adjectives coined by naturalists in the 19th century. The expressions reniform, dorso plana, and dorso canaliculata were applied in reference to lateral or dorsal views of seeds, but the characters described can be submitted now to an analytical description by quantitative methods, allowing shape quantification and the comparison between species or populations. A quantitative morphological analysis is based on the comparison with geometric models that adjust to the shape of seeds. Morphological analysis of the dorsal view of Silene seeds based on geometric models is applied here to 26 seed populations belonging to 12 species. According to their dorsal views, the seeds are classified as convex and non-convex. New geometric models are presented for both types, including figures such as super-ellipses and modified ellipses. The values of J index (percent of similarity of a seed image with the model) are obtained in representative seed samples from diverse populations and species. The quantitative description of seed shape based on the comparison with geometric models allows the study of variation in shape between species and in populations, as well as the identification of seeds in Silene species. The method is of application to other plant species.

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“…In both cases, the process requires a manual seed image-model adjustment, which does not impede achieving objective and reproducible values. Seed shape quantification by comparing seed images with canonical models has been applied to various plant species [5][6][7][8][9][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Quantification Of Seed Shape By Comparison With Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the one hand, different seed morphotypes characterized by different aspect ratios (AR) corresponding to the ratio length/width have been observed in wild populations of Silene diclinis (Lag.) M. Laínz (Caryophyllaceae) [5], Echinocactus platyacanthus Link & Otto (Cactaceae) [33], and diverse species of Capparis Tourn. ex L. (Capparaceae) [27] (data not shown).…”

Section: Variations In Seed Shape Related To Environmental Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Silhouettes as Geometric Objects: New Applications of Elliptic Fourier Transform to Seed Morphology

et al. 2022

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Historically, little attention has been paid to the resemblance between seed silhouettes to geometric figures. Cardioid and derivatives, ellipses, heart curves, lemniscates, lenses, lunes, ovals, superellipses, waterdrops, and other figures can be used to describe seed shape, as well as models for quantification. Algebraic expressions representing the average silhouettes for a group of seeds are available, and their shape can be described and quantified by comparison with geometric models. Bidimensional closed-plane figures resulting from the representation of Fourier equations can be used as models for shape analysis. Elliptic Fourier Transform equations reproduce the seed silhouettes for any closed-plane curve corresponding to the contour of the image of a seed. We review the geometric properties of the silhouettes from seed images and discuss them in the context of seed development, plant taxonomy, and environmental adaptation. Silene is proposed as a model for the study of seed morphology. Three groups have been recently defined among Silene species based on the structure of their seed silhouettes, and their geometric properties are discussed. Using models based on Fourier Transform equations is useful in Silene species where the seeds are homogenous in shape but don’t adjust to described figures.

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Geometric Models for Seed Shape Description and Quantification in the Cactaceae

Cited by 4 publications

References 40 publications

Geometric Analysis of Seed Shape Diversity in the Cucurbitaceae

Geometric Analysis of Seed Shape Diversity in the Cucurbitaceae

New Geometric Models for Shape Quantification of the Dorsal View in Seeds of Silene Species

Seed Silhouettes as Geometric Objects: New Applications of Elliptic Fourier Transform to Seed Morphology

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