Geometry effect on water-evaporation-induced voltage in porous carbon black film

Zhang, Shiyu; Fang, Sunmiao; Li, Luxian; Guo, Wei

doi:10.1007/s11431-020-1748-4

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The three-layer film is ∼20 μm in thickness (Figure 4a), and the five-layer film is ∼38 μm in thickness (Figure 4b), while the one-layer film shown in Figure 1b is ∼10 μm in thickness. 26 Figure 4a,b also indicates repetitive printing processes did not influence the microstructure of TCB films. The distance between neighboring electrodes is 3 mm in these two devices.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Based on Figure 1e, the values of V 1−2 , V 2−3 , V 3−4 , V 4−5 , and V 5−6 of this TCB film were obtained by mean-value method. 26 The potentials at electrodes 1−6, labeled as φ 1 −φ 6 , presents the capillary length. 30 J can be seen as the gradient of volumetric flow rate of water inside the film, so the volumetric flow rate is proportional to (10 − l) 0.55 .…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before fabrication, a toluene carbon slurry was prepared as in our former study. 26 First, a steel plate was horizontally placed 4 cm above the toluene flame core to collect toluene soot. Then, the soot g), ethyl cellulose (4 g), terpineol (12 g), and ethanol (150 mL) were mixed and stirred with a stir bar at 90 °C for ∼4 h.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before fabrication, a toluene carbon slurry was prepared as in our former study . First, a steel plate was horizontally placed 4 cm above the toluene flame core to collect toluene soot.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voltage Distribution in Porous Carbon Black Films Induced by Water Evaporation

Zhang

Chu

et al. 2021

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Water-evaporation-induced (WEI) electricity generation has been widely studied, but the explanation for the working mechanism remains controversial yet. In this study, porous carbon black (CB) films with multiple parallel electrodes were prepared and the voltage distribution in these films was investigated during WEI electricity generation. We found that in both toluene and ethanol CB films, voltage between neighboring electrodes increases first but then decreases with increasing height above the bulk water surface. This voltage distribution derives from similar volumetric flow rate distribution of water inside the film, which is caused by the hydrophilicity of film and water evaporation. Our results support streaming potential and present more details during WEI electricity generation. It is helpful for understanding the mechanism in other material systems as well.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before fabrication, a toluene carbon slurry was prepared as in our former study . First, a steel plate was horizontally placed 4 cm above the toluene flame core to collect toluene soot.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Voltage Distribution in Porous Carbon Black Films Induced by Water Evaporation

Zhang

Chu

et al. 2021

J. Phys. Chem. C

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“…In 2001, Kral and Shapiro first theoretically predicted that electricity can be generated in metallic carbon nanotubes when water is flowing along them . After that, numerous theoretical and experimental works have shown that low-dimensional carbon-based materials, including carbon nanotubes, − graphene, − and carbon nanoparticles, − have the potential to generate electricity through interactions with water. However, the voltage generated by these generators is normally only tens of microvolts to millivolts without continuous output, which is insufficient to power the current device, hindering their potential applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceramic Nanofiber-Based Water-Induced Electric Generator

Sun

Feng

Wen

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Water-induced electricity generation as an emerging novel sustainable energy harvesting technology has become a hot research topic recently. Here, we develop a ceramic (SiO2) nanofiber-based water-induced electric generator via the sol–gel electrospinning technique, followed by calcination, which exhibits superior water-induced electricity generation property with significant softness. This superior performance of the SiO2 nanofiber-based generator may be attributed to two aspects: the electrokinetic effect generated by water evaporation force and the ion gradient formed between the top and bottom electrodes. The SiO2 nanofiber-based generator is capable of supplying a continuous voltage and current output of 0.48 V and 0.37 μA, respectively, without weakening after 500 times of bending. Moreover, the high voltage and current output generated by the water-induced generator can be realized in series or parallel and has practical applications, such as in a commercial digital calculator. This environmentally friendly generator, with its low cost, provides great potential for future green energy utilization and opens up new possibilities for portable electronics.

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Surface Functional Modification for Boosting Power Density of Hydrovoltaic Devices

Liu,

Li,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Generating electricity based on the interaction between water and materials is a new green energy harvesting technology. However, the performance based on streaming potential generation is not sufficient to drive microelectronic devices with high power supply demands. In this work, an asymmetric sandwich structure is designed with adjustable performance of hydrovoltaic devices as a power system for micro‐electronic devices. The flexible hydrovoltaic device structure that only consumes renewable energy is low‐cost, non‐polluting, and highly sustainable, achieving a satisfied output power density exceeding 124.5 µW·cm−2 (2075 µW·cm−3). Both experimental results and theoretical calculations reveal that the working principle of the device depends on the evaporation potential rather than the streaming potential. In addition, the integration of multiple devices makes it easy to drive electronic devices for correct operation and energy storage. For the first time, this integrated hydroelectric photovoltaic device has demonstrated the ability to charge commercial button‐type lithium batteries with great success. The current work combines asymmetric structure and tunable performance, providing an alternative method for high‐efficiency hydrovoltaic devices with high power density.

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Geometry effect on water-evaporation-induced voltage in porous carbon black film

Cited by 20 publications

References 26 publications

Voltage Distribution in Porous Carbon Black Films Induced by Water Evaporation

Voltage Distribution in Porous Carbon Black Films Induced by Water Evaporation

Ceramic Nanofiber-Based Water-Induced Electric Generator

Surface Functional Modification for Boosting Power Density of Hydrovoltaic Devices

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