Geomorphic and land cover identification of dust sources in the eastern Great Basin of Utah, U.S.A.

Hahnenberger, Maura; Nicoll, Kathleen

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.09.013

Cited by 76 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Strong correlations between fine dust and the PDO suggest that large‐scale climate variability may be associated with an increase in regional fine dust being transported across the SW, and to our knowledge this is the first time this association has been reported for the region. Strong correlations between March dust and precipitation suggest that drier conditions likely influenced the increased dustiness, although the relationship between dust emission and aridity is complex and dependent on source type/location [ Okin and Reheis , ; Reynolds et al , ; Lewis et al , ; Reheis and Urban , ; Hahnenberger and Nicoll , ; White et al , ]. However, other contributing factors cannot be ruled out, such as intensified land use and disturbed lands, including from wildfires [ Miller et al , ; Hahnenberger and Nicoll , ], increased population and economic activity [ Theobald et al , ], and impacts from climate change [e.g., Cayan et al , ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strong correlations between March dust and precipitation suggest that drier conditions likely influenced the increased dustiness, although the relationship between dust emission and aridity is complex and dependent on source type/location [ Okin and Reheis , ; Reynolds et al , ; Lewis et al , ; Reheis and Urban , ; Hahnenberger and Nicoll , ; White et al , ]. However, other contributing factors cannot be ruled out, such as intensified land use and disturbed lands, including from wildfires [ Miller et al , ; Hahnenberger and Nicoll , ], increased population and economic activity [ Theobald et al , ], and impacts from climate change [e.g., Cayan et al , ]. In addition, the possible influence of long‐range transport of African [ Perry et al , ] or Asian dust cannot be dismissed; however, the insignificant and mostly negative trends at sites in the northwestern United States that are often influenced by Asian dust [ Creamean et al , ] suggest low influence (see Figure a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Earlier onset of the spring fine dust season in the southwestern United States

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Gebhart

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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Particulate matter (PM)2.5 dust concentrations (mineral particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 µm) typically peak in spring and early summer at rural and remote sites across the southwestern United States. Trend analyses indicate that springtime regional mean PM2.5 dust concentrations have increased from 1995 to 2014, especially in March (5.4% yr−1, p < 0.01). This increase reflects an earlier onset of the spring dust season across the Southwest by 1 to 2 weeks over the 20 year time period. March dust concentrations were strongly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index (r = −0.65, p < 0.01), which was mostly in its negative phase from 2007 to 2014, during which the region was drier, windier, and less vegetated. The positive spring trend and its association with large‐scale climate variability have several important implications for visibility, particulate matter, health effects, and the hydrologic cycle in the region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earlier onset of the spring fine dust season in the southwestern United States

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Gebhart

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…In all these cases, a judgment call has been made regarding each country's most appropriate category. The USA, for instance, has been categorized as an SDS source area because it has both active sand dunes [53] and desert dust sources [54] within its territory, but the country also receives deposits of desert dust transported from sources in Mexico [55], Asia [56] and Africa [57], as well as experiencing wind erosion on its domestic agricultural soils [58]. At this point, we are not distinguishing between "good" and "bad" SDS activity.…”

Section: The Scale Of Sds Impacts: Countries Affectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sand and Dust Storms: Impact Mitigation

2017

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Sand and dust storms (SDS) play an integral role in the Earth system but they also present a range of hazards to the environmental and economic sustainability of human society. These hazards are of considerable importance for residents of dryland environments and also affect people beyond drylands because wind erosion can occur in most environments and desert dust events often involve long-range transport over great distances (>1000 km). This paper makes an assessment of the scale of SDS impacts by totalling the countries affected using an appraisal of peer-reviewed published sources, arriving at a conservative estimate that 77% of all parties to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) are affected directly by SDS issues. We then present a synthesis of the environmental management techniques designed to mitigate SDS hazards for disaster risk reduction and review policy measures, both historical and contemporary, for SDS impact mitigation. Although many SDS hazards are well-known, the processes involved and their impacts are not all equally well-understood. Policies designed to mitigate the impacts of wind erosion in agricultural areas have been developed in certain parts of the world but policies designed to mitigate the wider impacts of SDS, including many that are transboundary, are geographically patchy and have a much shorter history. Further development and wider implementation of such policies is advocated because of the recent marked increase in wind erosion and associated dust storms in several parts of the world.

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“…At this global scale, the major terrestrial dust source regions are identified as internally draining basins in semiarid and arid regions; however, it is acknowledged that most basins include a mosaic of different land surface types with different propensities to emit dust. Several studies have examined the relative contributions of landforms within major dust‐emitting basins, e.g., Lake Eyre Basin, Australia [ Bullard et al ., ], southern Africa [ Vickery et al ., ], the eastern Great Basin [ Hahnenberger and Nicoll , ] and Southern High Plains, USA [ Lee et al ., ], and North American Chihuahuan Desert [ Baddock et al ., ]. Such studies, alongside field investigations [e.g., McTainsh et al ., ; Sweeney et al ., ], have demonstrated the variable contributions from different land surface types, highlighting the importance of this variability for understanding the dynamics of dust source regions as a whole.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do MODIS‐defined dust sources have a geomorphological signature?

Baddock

Ginoux

Bullard

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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The preferential dust source (PDS) scheme enables large‐scale mapping of geomorphology in terms of importance for dust emissions but has not been independently tested other than at local scales. We examine the PDS qualitative conceptual model of surface emissivity alongside a quantitative measurement of dust loading from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Deep Blue Collection 6 for the Chihuahuan Desert. The predicted ranked importance of each geomorphic type for dust emissions is compared with the actual ranked importance as determined from the satellite‐derived dust loading. For this region, the predicted variability and magnitude of dust emissions from most surface types present coincides with the observed characteristics demonstrating the significance of geomorphological controls on emission. The exception is for areas of low magnitude but persistent emissions such as alluvial surfaces where PDS overpredicts dustiness. As PDS is a good predictor of emissions and incorporates surface dynamics it could improve models of future dust emissions.

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Geomorphic and land cover identification of dust sources in the eastern Great Basin of Utah, U.S.A.

Cited by 76 publications

References 82 publications

Earlier onset of the spring fine dust season in the southwestern United States

Earlier onset of the spring fine dust season in the southwestern United States

Sand and Dust Storms: Impact Mitigation

Do MODIS‐defined dust sources have a geomorphological signature?

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