Geomorphic disequilibrium in the Eastern Korean Peninsula: Possible evidence for reactivation of a rift-flank margin

Kim, Dong-Eun; Seong, Yeong Bae; Byun, Jongmin; Weber, John C.; Min, Kyoungwon

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.11.022

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…The short half-life of 14 C means that sediment reworked from terrace and floodplain storages can perturb the 14 C-10 Be inventory in channel sand (Hippe, 2017). Offsets in the 10 Be/ 14 C ratio are commonly attributed to sediment storage in the fluvial system (Wittmann and von Blanckenburg, 2009;Hippe et al, 2012;Kober et al, 2012;Kim et al, 2016). Yet many landscapes provide other equally viable pathways to perturbing 10 Be/ 14 C ratio and these alternatives should be carefully evaluated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluvial dynamics and ¹⁴C‐¹⁰Be disequilibrium on the Bolivian Altiplano

Hippe

Gordijn

Picotti

et al. 2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Determining sediment transfer times is key to understanding source‐to‐sink dynamics and the transmission of environmental signals through the fluvial system. Previous work on the Bolivian Altiplano applied the in situ cosmogenic 14C‐10Be‐chronometer to river sands and proposed sediment storage times of ~10–20 kyr in four catchments southeast of Lake Titicaca. However, the fidelity of those results hinges upon isotopic steady‐state within sediment supplied from the source area. With the aim of independently quantifying sediment storage times and testing the 14C‐10Be steady‐state assumption, we dated sediment storage units within one of the previously investigated catchments using radiocarbon dating, cosmogenic 10Be‐26Al isochron burial dating, and 10Be‐26Al depth‐profile dating. Palaeosurfaces appear to preserve remnants of a former fluvial system, which has undergone drainage reversal, reduction in catchment area, and local isostatic uplift since ~2.8 Ma. From alluvium mantling the palaeosurfaces we gained a deposition age of ~580 ka, while lower down fluvial terraces yielded ≤34 ka, and floodplains ~3–1 ka. Owing to restricted channel connectivity with the terraces and palaeosurfaces, the main source of channel sediment is via reworking of the late Holocene floodplain. Yet modelling a set of feasible scenarios reveals that floodplain storage and burial depth are incompatible with the 14C‐10Be disequilibrium measured in the channel. Instead we propose that the 14C‐10Be offset results from: (i) non‐uniform erosion whereby deep gullies supply hillslope‐derived debris; and/or (ii) holocene landscape transience associated with climate or human impact. The reliability of the 14C‐10Be chronometer vitally depends upon careful evaluation of sources of isotopic disequilibrium in a wide range of depositional and erosional landforms in the landscape. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluvial dynamics and ¹⁴C‐¹⁰Be disequilibrium on the Bolivian Altiplano

Hippe

Gordijn

Picotti

et al. 2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…We prepared the samples at the Geochronology Laboratory, Korea University, following the standard method for 10 Be extraction (Kohl and Nishiizumi, 1992; Kim et al, 2016). Rock samples were pulverized using an iron mortar to grain sizes between 250 and 710 μm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bouldery slope landforms on Mt. Biseul, Korea, and implications for paleoclimate and slope evolution

et al. 2017

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Identification of bouldery landforms in mountains and correctly understanding their formative processes play an important role in reconstructing the geomorphic history of a region. We propose that blocks were liberated by frost cracking and wedging of cliff walls during the last glacial period. However, we further suggest and test four hypotheses comprising different scenarios for preconditioning by chemical weathering and subsequent block transport using terrain analysis, characterization of boulders, and 10Be exposure dating. Frost shattering from the backing cliff produced the boulders since the beginning of the last glacial period (~80 ka), and gelifluction transported them downslope throughout the last glacial period. Their activity then entered a dormant phase at the beginning of the Holocene. Distribution patterns of exposure ages of tors and block streams are similar to those of previous studies, implying that bouldery landscapes in the southern Korean Peninsula were likely to be formed by similar processes under periglacial conditions. The timing of active periods in transport of block streams corresponds well with the cold periods identified in regional and global climate proxy records. Interestingly, the activity of block streams in the study area reached a maximum during Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 3 to 2 when the growth rate of nearby speleothems was lowest.

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“…The cause of the 125 contrasting landscapes of the western and eastern flanks of the TMR has yet to be unequivocally established, and several explanations have been proposed, including: (1) differential regional rift-margin uplift related to the opening of the East Sea from ca. 20 Ma (Min et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2016aKim et al, , 2020; (2) differential regional uplift caused by accommodation of the ENE-WSWoriented neotectonic maximum horizontal stress since 5 Ma (Park et al, 2006;Kim et al, 2016b); and (3) differences in late Quaternary uplift between the western and eastern coasts of the Korean Peninsula, as recorded in marine terraces along the eastern 130 coast (Choi et al, 2003a(Choi et al, , b, 2008(Choi et al, , 2009Lee et al, 2015) and shore platform along the western coast (Choi et al, 2012a;Jeong et al, 2021).…”

Section: Study Area 90mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average uplift rate for Cases 390 A# during stage 1 was set to 80 mm kyr -1 . This value was chosen to set our model uplift rate to be the same as the long-term exhumation rate across the Taebaek Mountain Range (the "backbone" mountain range of the Korean Peninsula) since 22 Ma (Han, Min et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2016a). Conversely, Cases B1 and B2 incorporate a spatial gradient in uplift rate, with the highest uplift rate in the east, decreasing gradually towards the west.…”

Section: Modelling Landscape Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphic indices for unveiling fault segmentation and tectono-geomorphic evolution with insights into the impact of inherited topography, Ulsan Fault Zone, Korea

Lee,

Seong,

Weber

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. Quantifying present topography can provide insights into landscape evolution and its controls, as the present topography is a cumulative expression of the types, distributions, and intensities of past and present processes. The Ulsan Fault Zone (UFZ) is an active fault zone on the southeastern Korean Peninsula that has been reactivated as a reverse fault around 5 Ma. This NNW–SSE-trending fault zone exhibits a predominantly reverse sense of movement today and dips towards the east. This study investigates the history of tectonic activity along the UFZ and the landscape evolution of the hanging wall side of the UFZ, focusing on neotectonic perturbations using 10Be-derived catchment-wide denudation rate and bedrock incision rates, geomorphic indices, and a landscape evolution model. We evaluated the spatial variation in the relative tectonic intensity from the variation in geomorphic indices along the UFZ. Five geological segments were identified along the fault based on the relative tectonic intensity and fault geometry. We then simulated four cases of landscape evolution using modelling to investigate the geomorphic processes and topographic changes in the study area in response to fault slip. The model results reveal that the geomorphic processes and the patterns of geomorphic indices (e.g., χ anomalies) depend on the inherited topography (i.e., the topography that existed prior to reverse faulting on the UFZ). On the basis of this important finding, we interpret the tectono-geomorphic history of the study area as follows: (1) the northern part of the UFZ has been in a transient state and is in topographic and geometric disequilibrium, as this part underwent asymmetric uplift (westward tilting) prior to reverse faulting on the UFZ around 5 Ma; and (2) its southern part was negligibly influenced by the asymmetric uplift before reverse faulting. Our study demonstrates geomorphic indices as reliable criteria for dividing faults into segments and, together with landscape evolution modelling, to investigate the influence of inherited topography on present topography and to help determine tectono-geomorphic histories.

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Geomorphic disequilibrium in the Eastern Korean Peninsula: Possible evidence for reactivation of a rift-flank margin

Cited by 16 publications

References 110 publications

Fluvial dynamics and ¹⁴C‐¹⁰Be disequilibrium on the Bolivian Altiplano

Fluvial dynamics and ¹⁴C‐¹⁰Be disequilibrium on the Bolivian Altiplano

Bouldery slope landforms on Mt. Biseul, Korea, and implications for paleoclimate and slope evolution

Geomorphic indices for unveiling fault segmentation and tectono-geomorphic evolution with insights into the impact of inherited topography, Ulsan Fault Zone, Korea

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Geomorphic disequilibrium in the Eastern Korean Peninsula: Possible evidence for reactivation of a rift-flank margin

Cited by 16 publications

References 110 publications

Fluvial dynamics and 14C‐10Be disequilibrium on the Bolivian Altiplano

Fluvial dynamics and 14C‐10Be disequilibrium on the Bolivian Altiplano

Bouldery slope landforms on Mt. Biseul, Korea, and implications for paleoclimate and slope evolution

Geomorphic indices for unveiling fault segmentation and tectono-geomorphic evolution with insights into the impact of inherited topography, Ulsan Fault Zone, Korea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Fluvial dynamics and ¹⁴C‐¹⁰Be disequilibrium on the Bolivian Altiplano

Fluvial dynamics and ¹⁴C‐¹⁰Be disequilibrium on the Bolivian Altiplano