Geophysical and Hydrologic Studies of Lake Seepage Variability

Toran, Laura; Nyquist, Jonathan E.; Rosenberry, Donald O.; Gagliano, Michael P.; Mitchell, Natasha; Mikochik, James S.

doi:10.1111/gwat.12309

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The lake‐bed deposits permeability was defined based on the other studies of glacial areas. As the lakes in the research area are separated from main aquifers by till or sandy till layers, initial assumed values were from 0.01 to 0.43 m/day (Simpkins ; Wiese and Nutzmann ; Toran et al ). Finally, after model calibration the obtained values of lake‐bed permeability were from 0.003 to 0.07 m/day (Jaworska‐Szulc ).…”

Section: Research Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Lakes in Groundwater Recharge and Discharge in the Young Glacial Area, Northern Poland

Jaworska-Szulc

2015

Groundwater

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The aim of this research was to delineate characteristic hydrogeological lake types in the Young Glacial Area (YGA). The YGA is in the central and east part of the Kashubian Lake District (KLD) in Northern Poland, an area covered by deposits of Quaternary glaciation. All the bigger lakes were investigated in the area of about 1500 km(2) (39 lakes). The role of lakes in groundwater recharge and discharge was determined from total dissolved solids (TDS) in lake waters and also from groundwater flow simulation. The general trend was that gaining lakes, as determined by flow modeling, had higher values of TDS than losing lakes. In addition to typical gaining lakes (with TDS > 250 mg/l), there were losing lakes perched on glacial till deposits with very low TDS (<100 mg/l). Two groups of losing lakes were delineated: ones with very low TDS and another group with slightly higher TDS (due to local contact with groundwater). Flow-through lakes with TDS of 170-200 mg/l were also delineated.

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Section: Research Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Lakes in Groundwater Recharge and Discharge in the Young Glacial Area, Northern Poland

Jaworska-Szulc

2015

Groundwater

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“…The emerging application of hydrogeophysics to the characterization of river corridor hydrogeology is reviewed comprehensively by Binley et al () and Parsekian, Singha, Minsley, Holbrook, and Slater (). Electrical geophysical methods (e.g., resistivity, electromagnetic), either towed or applied directly to the interface, are used to image higher permeability bed sediments that control discharge patterns, putting point seepage measurements into geologic context (Toran et al, ). Radar methods image sediment interfaces below water bodies, such as discontinuous peat lenses that serve to focus upwelling groundwater flowpaths (Krause, Weatherill, Munz, Tecklenburg, & Blume, ).…”

Section: Recent Advances In Field Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explicit consideration of preferential groundwater discharges as surface water ecosystem control points

Briggs

Hare

2018

Hydrological Processes

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| BACKGROUNDHeterogeneities in sediment and rock permeability induce preferential groundwater flow from the scale of pore networks to large basins. In the unsaturated zone, preferential flow is frequently conceptualized as an infiltration process dominated by macropores, resulting in stronger delivery of surface-derived solute than would be predicted via diffuse percolation alone (Beven & Germann, 2013). In the saturated zone, preferential flow occurs in bedrock fractures and karst, along geologic contacts and fault zones, and through unconsolidated materials of relatively high connectivity (Winter, Harvey, Franke, & Alley, 1998). Focused flow paths emanate on the land surface as preferential groundwater discharges, observed throughout stream, lake, wetland, and estuary systems. The prevalence, and perhaps dominance, of spatially focused discharges to surface water contrasts with the spatially diffuse flow often assumed in various conceptual and predictive process-based models. This simplification is not made out of an unawareness of preferential groundwater discharge; rather, the ability to reliably measure focused flow across a range of scales is hampered by a reliance on (relatively) sparse point measurements. Additionally, realistic distributions of <1-to 100-m-scale preferential groundwater discharges are computationally expensive to simulate at scales relevant to decision making. If we accept that preferential discharge of groundwater to surface water is an ubiquitous process, fundamental questions facing contemporary hydrogeology include (a) When does spatially focused groundwater discharge matter to the process we would like to predict? Followed by (b) If we determine when preferential discharge "matters" and should not be simplified to diffuse inflows, how do we measure it at the spatial and temporal scales needed to inform process-based models?A lopsided emphasis on hyporheic exchange processes has dominated groundwater/surface water exchange research for the past 15 years, as reviewed thoroughly by Boano et al. (2014) and Cardenas (2015). Within this body of research, there is growing recognition of the need to characterize surface water "ecosystem control points" that exert strong influence on the physical exchange and reaction of elements throughout river networks (Bernhardt et al., 2017). However, the process of preferential groundwater discharge is often not explicit in these discussions. The more universal definitions of hyporheic flow involve bidirectional exchange of surface water with near-stream saturated sediments. This definition is distinct from unidirectional preferential groundwater discharge to the land surface. The streambed is often incorrectly characterized as a zone of substantial mixing of groundwater and surface water; however, multiple studies indicate that groundwater and surface water mixing is limited to relatively narrow subsurface convergence zones (e.g., Hester, Young, & Widdowson, 2013). Popular stream-based transient storage models conceptually reduce groundwater discharge...

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“…One drawback of our approach was the use of single electrode transects through seep and non‐seep areas, which limited us to viewing three‐dimensional processes as two‐dimensional changes in resistivity over time. Future studies employing time‐lapse ERI in the study of riparian seeps may consider an approach like that of Toran et al (), where three‐dimensional ERI surveys were used to identify zones of groundwater seepage in lakebeds. Nevertheless, comparing two‐dimensional changes in geophysical response over time, an inherent strength of the time‐lapse ERI method (Binley et al , ), still permitted meaningful interpretations of subsurface hydrological processes in seep and non‐seep areas of the riparian zone.…”

Section: Implications and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Hydrological Processes in Headwater Riparian Seeps with Time‐Lapse Electrical Resistivity

Williams¹,

Buda

Singha

et al. 2016

Groundwater

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Delineating hydrologic and pedogenic factors influencing groundwater flow in riparian zones is central in understanding pathways of water and nutrient transport. In this study, we combined two-dimensional time-lapse electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) (depth of investigation approximately 2 m) with hydrometric monitoring to examine hydrological processes in the riparian area of FD-36, a small (0.4 km ) agricultural headwater basin in the Valley and Ridge region of east-central Pennsylvania. We selected two contrasting study sites, including a seep with groundwater discharge and an adjacent area lacking such seepage. Both sites were underlain by a fragipan at 0.6 m. We then monitored changes in electrical resistivity, shallow groundwater, and nitrate-N concentrations as a series of storms transitioned the landscape from dry to wet conditions. Time-lapse ERI revealed different resistivity patterns between seep and non-seep areas during the study period. Notably, the seep displayed strong resistivity reductions (∼60%) along a vertically aligned region of the soil profile, which coincided with strong upward hydraulic gradients recorded in a grid of nested piezometers (0.2- and 0.6-m depth). These patterns suggested a hydraulic connection between the seep and the nitrate-rich shallow groundwater system below the fragipan, which enabled groundwater and associated nitrate-N to discharge through the fragipan to the surface. In contrast, time-lapse ERI indicated no such connections in the non-seep area, with infiltrated rainwater presumably perched above the fragipan. Results highlight the value of pairing time-lapse ERI with hydrometric and water quality monitoring to illuminate possible groundwater and nutrient flow pathways to seeps in headwater riparian areas.

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Geophysical and Hydrologic Studies of Lake Seepage Variability

Cited by 17 publications

References 48 publications

Role of the Lakes in Groundwater Recharge and Discharge in the Young Glacial Area, Northern Poland

Role of the Lakes in Groundwater Recharge and Discharge in the Young Glacial Area, Northern Poland

Explicit consideration of preferential groundwater discharges as surface water ecosystem control points

Imaging Hydrological Processes in Headwater Riparian Seeps with Time‐Lapse Electrical Resistivity

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