Geophysical exploration to assess leachate percolation and aquifer protectivity within hydrogeological units at a major open dump in Eket, Nigeria

Udosen, Ndifreke I.; Ekanem, Aniekan M.; George, Nyakno J.

doi:10.1016/j.rines.2024.100022

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“…The surface electrical resistivity method offers a swift and cost-effective means of determining aquifer primary geoelectric parameters (resistivity, depth and thickness) with borehole lithological information as controls (Evans et al, 2015, Ekanem 2020, 2021, 2022a, b, Thomas et al, 2020, Ikpe et al, 2022, Udosen et al, 2024a. Water conductivity (inverse of water resistivity) can be measured in situ using the conductivity meter or estimated by the use of empirical relations available in literature (Ekanem et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric estimation of groundwater reserve in Akwa Ibom State University main campus, southern Nigeria using surficial resistivity measurements

Ekanem

2024

Preprint

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Recent changes in climatic conditions and the resulting changes in demands for potable water call for a thorough understanding of groundwater resources. In this research, the usability of the electrical resistivity technique in the volumetric estimation of groundwater reserve is demonstrated. Sixteen (16) vertical electrical soundings were made at predetermined locations in Akwa Ibom State University campus, southern Nigeria with the main aim of delineating the hydrostratigraphic units and estimating the groundwater reserve in the area. Three to four geoelectric layers comprising poorly sorted continental sands with minor clay intercalations have been identified in the study site. Groundwater extraction in the area takes place in the second and third layers, based on location, at depths ranging from 0.7 to 84.7 m. The aquifer system is shown to have a mean effective porosity of 0.32, mean specific yield of 0.23 and mean specific retention of 0.09. The total aquifer volume is estimated to be 1.65 x 108 m3 while the effective water volume reserve in the area is 5.3 x 107 m3. The usable groundwater volume releasable by the aquifer during pumping is shown to be 71.9 % of the effective volumetric groundwater reserve while the fractional volume retainable by the aquifer is 28.1 %. This, by implication is an indication that the area has good groundwater potential for sustainability of water wells. The regression equations derived in this study can be used for easy and rapid prediction of aquifer porosity and specific yield/retention from surface resistivity data in regions with similar geological characteristics. These outcomes are very auspicious, particularly in devising sustainable groundwater development and exploitable schemes to meet current and future needs of the university community.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric estimation of groundwater reserve in Akwa Ibom State University main campus, southern Nigeria using surficial resistivity measurements

Ekanem

2024

Preprint

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Geo-electrical prognosis of aquifer protectivity, corrosivity, and vulnerability via index-based models within a major coastal milieu

Udosen,

Ekanem,

George

2024

Discov Geosci

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This work was carried out to investigate the protective capacity, vulnerability, and corrosivity within a major coastal milieu in Southern Nigeria with the use of index-based geo-electrical modeling methods. Vertical electrical soundings were undertaken at twenty locations with the aid of Schlumberger array having a maximum electrode spacing of 400 m. The results indicated that the lithology comprised four subsurface layers having variable values of resistivity and thickness. The Dar-Zarrouk parameter, the Aquifer Vulnerability Index (AVI), and the GOD (Groundwater occurrence G, Overlying lithology O and Depth to aquifer D) models were employed to appraise measures of aquifer protectivity and vulnerability to contamination. The longitudinal conductance values ranged from 0.0071–1.95 mhos with a mean of 0.32 mhos, indicating moderate protectivity. AVI values ranged from 1.73–4.10 with a mean of 3.03, indicating moderate aquifer vulnerability. The GOD indices ranged from 0.35–0.63 with a mean of 0.49, indicating moderate aquifer vulnerability. Corrosivity was also computed based on topsoil resistivity values which ranged from 12.7 to 664.2 Ωm with a mean of 168.17 Ωm, indicating moderate corrosivity, and demonstrating the unsuitability of corrosive locations for laying underground pipes. All the index-based models gave similar interpretations, indicating moderate aquifer protectivity and susceptibility. These results were corroborated by 2D electrical resistivity tomography surveys conducted at four stations. This work has therefore delineated important aquifer geo-hydraulic properties with index-based geo-electrical modeling techniques. The results obtained are critical for effective aquifer management, conservation, and sustainability.

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Litho-stratigraphic characterization of hydrogeological and hydraulic flow units via electrical resistivity, Stratigraphic Modified Lorenz Plots, and flow zone indicator models

Udosen,

Ekanem,

George

2024

Solid Earth Sciences

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Geophysical exploration to assess leachate percolation and aquifer protectivity within hydrogeological units at a major open dump in Eket, Nigeria

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Volumetric estimation of groundwater reserve in Akwa Ibom State University main campus, southern Nigeria using surficial resistivity measurements

Volumetric estimation of groundwater reserve in Akwa Ibom State University main campus, southern Nigeria using surficial resistivity measurements

Geo-electrical prognosis of aquifer protectivity, corrosivity, and vulnerability via index-based models within a major coastal milieu

Litho-stratigraphic characterization of hydrogeological and hydraulic flow units via electrical resistivity, Stratigraphic Modified Lorenz Plots, and flow zone indicator models

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