Geophysical prospection and soil chemistry at the Early Copper Age settlement of Vésztó-Bikeri, Southeastern Hungary

Sarris, Apostolos; Galaty, Michael L.; Yerkes, Richard W.; Parkinson, William A.; Gyucha, Attila; Billingsley, Doc M.; Tate, Robert B.

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2003.12.007

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It is the probability attached to specified values of the unknown parameters of the model given all of the observations. The posterior can be obtained by multiplying the likelihood by the prior and then normalizing the results so that the probabilities add up to 1 4 See Gyucha et al 2004Gyucha et al , 2006Parkinson et al 2002Parkinson et al , 2004aSarris et al 2004;Yerkes et al 2007 for details on investigations by the Körös Regional Archaeological Project (KRAP). 5 We obtained a list of these dates from Éva Svingor of the Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences at Debrecen.…”

Section: Radiocarbon Dates and Chronology In The Carpathian Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multiscalar Approach to Modeling the End of the Neolithic on the Great Hungarian Plain Using Calibrated Radiocarbon Dates

Yerkes

Gyucha²,

Parkinson

2009

Radiocarbon

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ABSTRACT. This article presents the results of a multiscalar analysis of 168 radiocarbon dates from Neolithic and Copper Age sites on the Great Hungarian Plain. We examined chronological patterns at different geographic scales to explore socioeconomic changes that occurred during the transition from the Neolithic to the Copper Age. The beginning and end of the Late Neolithic (5000-4500 cal BC) and Early Copper Age (4500-4000 cal BC) were modeled with 14 C dates calibrated with the CALIB 5.01 program and IntCal04 calibration curve. Our attempts to identify chronological subphases within these 500-yrlong periods were confounded by multiple intercepts in the calibration curve. The analysis indicated that terminal Late Neolithic (4700-4300 cal BC) and "transitional" Proto-Tiszapolgár occupations (4600-4250 cal BC) at tell sites were contemporary with initial Early Copper Age habitations (4450-4250 cal BC). Calibrated dates from small Early Copper Age settlements at Vésztı-Bikeri and Körösladány-Bikeri document changes in community and household organization that took place over several decades during the transition to the Copper Age. Bayesian analysis indicated that the small fortified sites were occupied contiguously in phases of 30-50 yr. The younger Körösladány-Bikeri site was established before the older Vésztı-Bikeri site was abandoned. When large nucleated Late Neolithic communities dispersed and established small Early Copper Age settlements, the pattern of vertical accretion that had created the Late Neolithic tells gave way to a pattern of horizontal settlement accretion at the smaller settlements.

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Section: Radiocarbon Dates and Chronology In The Carpathian Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multiscalar Approach to Modeling the End of the Neolithic on the Great Hungarian Plain Using Calibrated Radiocarbon Dates

Yerkes

Gyucha²,

Parkinson

2009

Radiocarbon

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“…Similar sampling methods were employed at Körösladány-Bikeri within a grid covering an area of 4800 sq m, along transects extending 100 m west and 110 m south of the site, and at six randomly selected points ( Figure 5). The samples were extracted from both the plow zone (Ap, 15-20 cm below surface) and subplow horizons (45-50 cm below surface), and were analysed for total phosphorus, percent of organic content, magnetic susceptibility, and pH (Lee, Galaty, & Hardy, 2004;Sarris et al, 2004;Hardy, 2005).…”

Section: Methods Of Soil Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The soil chemical surveys recorded high concentrations of phosphate around the perimeters of each site (some of which were associated with ring middens), and showed a contrast between the "cleaner" centers of the sites (near several wattleand-daub structures at Vészto Љ-Bikeri) and the ring of debris at the edges of the sites Sarris et al 2004). The large dark circle in the northeast quadrant of the Vészto Љ-Bikeri site is the iron rod that served as the site datum.…”

Section: Geophysical and Geochemical Investigations Of Two Early Coppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical and geochemical investigations at two early copper age settlements in the Körös River Valley, Southeastern Hungary

et al. 2007

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Geophysical and geochemical analyses conducted at the Early Copper Age (ECA, ca. 6500-5900 B.P.) sites of Vészto Љ-Bikeri and Körösladány-Bikeri in southeastern Hungary located and mapped subsurface features and activity areas. Vertical magnetic gradient measurements defined the extent and layout of structures and features and revealed previously unidentified concentric ditches enclosing both sites. Soil chemical surveys recorded high concentrations of phosphorus in "ring middens" around the sites' perimeters, but low concentrations around structures. Magnetic susceptibility measurements supported and enhanced the results from other surveys. Excavations confirmed the locations of the features detected in the geophysical and geochemical surveys. The layouts of the two sites were different. Vészto Љ-Bikeri was "nucleated," with central longhouses surrounded by pits and a ring midden. At Körösladány-Bikeri, smaller structures were dispersed and intermixed with other features, including postCopper Age pits. The nondestructive investigations helped us refine our models of settlement organization during the Neolithic-Copper Age transition.

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“…A dataset with such potential would be tragically undermined if it were used merely for the purpose of locating sites or as a locator for destructive excavations. Recent work in the field has shown the various ways that geophysical information and assessment can stand alone as archaeological interpretative elements (Martin, Bruseth, and Huggins, 1991;Linford and Canti, 2001;Weston, 2001;Ambos and Larson, 2002;Dalan and Bevan, 2002;Thacker, Ellwood, and Pereira, 2002;Olson, Jones, and Lang, 2004;Persson and Olofsson, 2004;Sarris et al, 2004;Jones and Maki, 2005;Jones and Munson, 2005;Maki, 2005;Persson, 2005;Bevan, 2006;Conyers, 2010;Leopold et al, 2010;Moffat et al, 2010). By using geophysical data properly, we can enrich the overall assessment and interpretation of archaeological sites.…”

Section: Geophysical Data As Empiricalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life among the tides : recent archaeology on the Georgia Bight : proceedings of the Sixth Caldwell Conference, St. Catherines Island, Georgia, May 20-22, 2011.

Thomas¹,

Thompson²,

Alexander³

et al. 2013

Anthropol. Pap. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.

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Geophysical prospection and soil chemistry at the Early Copper Age settlement of Vésztó-Bikeri, Southeastern Hungary

Cited by 43 publications

References 12 publications

A Multiscalar Approach to Modeling the End of the Neolithic on the Great Hungarian Plain Using Calibrated Radiocarbon Dates

A Multiscalar Approach to Modeling the End of the Neolithic on the Great Hungarian Plain Using Calibrated Radiocarbon Dates

Geophysical and geochemical investigations at two early copper age settlements in the Körös River Valley, Southeastern Hungary

Life among the tides : recent archaeology on the Georgia Bight : proceedings of the Sixth Caldwell Conference, St. Catherines Island, Georgia, May 20-22, 2011.

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