“…In recent years, economists have shifted their interest to examining the economic effects of GPR on different financial fundamentals and economic sectors (Bilgin et al, 2020; Gong & Xu, 2022; Gupta et al, 2019; Hailemariam & Ivanovski, 2021; Phan et al, 2022; Qian et al, 2022; Smales, 2021; Sweidan, 2021; Wang et al, 2022). Several empirical studies have shown evidence that GPR has significant impacts on the economy (Sweidan, 2022).…”