Geospatial Assessment of Cholera in a Rapidly Urbanizing Environment

Olanrewaju, Olajumoke Esther

doi:10.1155/2017/6847376

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Consistent with our results, previous cholera outbreak investigations have reported hotspots in proximity to busy markets ( 9 , 12 ) and main roads ( 32 , 41 ), presuming the role of population mobility in creating cholera transmission hubs through the fecal–oral route ( 9 , 29 ). These social and environmental characteristics must be considered when examining the spatial determinants of cholera in a region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…As demonstrated in previous studies, our field study corroborates that risk for cholera is associated with intertwined socioeconomic and environmental factors and highlights marketplaces located near water bodies and roads in high-density neighborhoods, such as Mirebalais ( 29 ), as risk factors. By analyzing a wide range of variables, without preceding presumptions on their relationship or correlation, we were able to conduct an exploratory analysis by using MCA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…One limitation of our study was the lack of information regarding excrement management, a recognized predisposing risk factor ( 29 , 44 ). We attempted to retrieve this information by identifying the location of municipal latrines, but heterogeneous excrement disposal activities make this process futile because open defecation is a common practice ( 45 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cholera case distribution seems to be linked to geographic patterns, specifically related to environmental hygiene and water source contamination (28). Previous studies have demonstrated a substantial association between cholera and populations living in proximity to water bodies (29)(30)(31)(32), lakes (28,33,34), and rivers and to river density (32). Increasing elevation has been inversely linked to cholera distribution (35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delineating and Analyzing Locality-Level Determinants of Cholera, Haiti

Griffiths¹,

Moise²,

Piarroux³

et al. 2021

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Centre Department, Haiti, was the origin of a major cholera epidemic during 2010–2019. Although no fine-scale spatial delineation is officially available, we aimed to analyze determinants of cholera at the local level and identify priority localities in need of interventions. After estimating the likely boundaries of 1,730 localities by using Voronoi polygons, we mapped 5,322 suspected cholera cases reported during January 2015–September 2016 by locality alongside environmental and socioeconomic variables. A hierarchical clustering on principal components highlighted 2 classes with high cholera risk: localities close to rivers and unimproved water sources (standardized incidence ratio 1.71, 95% CI 1.02–2.87; p = 0.04) and urban localities with markets (standardized incidence ratio 1.69, 95% CI 1.25–2.29; p = 0.0006). Our analyses helped identify and characterize areas where efforts should be focused to reduce vulnerability to cholera and other waterborne diseases; these methods could be used in other contexts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delineating and Analyzing Locality-Level Determinants of Cholera, Haiti

Griffiths¹,

Moise²,

Piarroux³

et al. 2021

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…e average precipitation declined sharply in 2004 and increased again from 2004 to 2012, after which it decreased again with significant fluctuations during this period ( Figure 5(d)). e highest annual precipitation occurred in 2012 for the entire study period which also coincided with extensive nationwide flooding Advances in Meteorology and spread of epidemics in some cases [61][62][63]. Generally, rainfall exhibited positive trend in about 18.36% of total vegetated areas, out of which only about 0.47% was significant ( Figures 6(b) and 6(d)).…”

Section: Annual Correlations Between the Ndvi And Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 74%

Vegetation Response to Recent Trends in Climate and Landuse Dynamics in a Typical Humid and Dry Tropical Region under Global Change

Adepoju

Adelabu

Fashae

2019

Advances in Meteorology

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e influence of global change on vegetation cover and processes has drawn increasing attention in the past few decades. In this study, we used remotely sensed rainfall and land surface temperature to investigate the spatiotemporal pattern and trend in vegetation condition using NDVI as proxy from 2001 to 2017 in a humid and dry tropical region. We also determined the partial correlation coefficient of temperature and rainfall with NDVI and the response of NDVI to changes in landcover categories due to human activities. We found that the mean annual maximum NDVI was 0.42, decreasing at a rate of 0.06 per decade. About 27.4% of the area was found to have experienced a significant negative trend in vegetation cover, while only 0.34% exhibited significant increasing vegetation vigour. Land surface temperature increased at a mean rate of 0.75°C/decade, with higher rates in agriculture, savanna, settlements, woodlands, and riparian vegetation than in forest and mangrove vegetations. Precipitation also reduced at a mean rate of 58.69 mm/decade, with higher rates in agriculture savanna and riparian vegetation than in sahelian grasslands, mangrove, forest, and woodlands. NDVI was negatively correlated with temperature in savanna, settlements, degraded forest, and sahelian grasslands providing confirmation of ongoing land degradation. It was concluded that vegetation vigour will continue to decline under rainfall and increasing temperature conditions especially in dryer regions. e use of land surface temperature in this study is particularly valuable in highlighting areas where changes in NDVI occurred as a result of synergistic action between climate and human-induced landcover changes. Our findings underscore the importance of landuse policies that account for spatial variation in synergistic relationships between the nexus of climate and land conversion processes that influence vegetation cover change in different landcover types in tropical regions.

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