Geospatial assessment of groundwater quality using entropy-based irrigation water quality index and heavy metal pollution indices

Mahammad, Sadik; Islam, Aznarul; Shit, Pravat Kumar

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-20665-5

Cited by 42 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Prioritization of surface and sub-surface soil is vital for the management and mitigation of soil pollution and its ecological risk using TOPSIS 14 . Pollution and ecological risk assessing indices such as Cd, Cp, EF, I geo , MPI, PLI, Er, RI and MRI have been analyzed using the TOPSIS MCDM technique for evaluating the priority of surface and sub-surface soil pollution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major anthropogenic activities of HM pollution include mining, smelting, oil refining, pesticide production, petrochemical production, use of pesticides and fertilizers and raw sewage sludge, etc. 4 , 12 – 14 . Thus, the human-induced elevated concentration of pedo-chemical (PC) parameters in the soil deserves a scientific assessment for the restoration of soil health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, several research works have been done on the assessment of HM pollution all over the world 8 , 9 , 15 , 18 . Moreover, numerous research works have also been conducted regarding the contamination of HM in water and sediments and their ecological risk 14 , 19 – 25 . In this context, various approaches such as geochemical, ecological geochemistry as well as soil contamination indicators have been considered to convert the HM concentrations into a single index value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of soil heavy metal pollution and associated ecological risk of agriculture dominated mid-channel bars in a subtropical river basin

Hoque

Islam

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The elevated concentrations of heavy metals in soil considerably threaten ecological and human health. To this end, the present study assesses metals pollution and its threat to ecology from the mid-channel bar’s (char) agricultural soil in the Damodar River basin, India. For this, the contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), pollution index, and ecological risk index (RI) were measured on 60 soil samples at 30 stations (2 from each station, i.e., surface and sub-surface) in different parts of the mid-channel bar. The CF and EF indicate that both levels of char soil have low contamination and hence portray a higher potential for future enrichment by heavy metals. Moreover, Igeo portrays that soil samples are uncontaminated to moderately contaminated. Further, pollution indices indicate that all the samples (both levels) are unpolluted with a mean of 0.062 for surface soils and 0.048 for sub-surface soils. Both levels of the char have a low potentiality for ecological risk with an average RI of 0.20 for the surface soils and 0.19 for the sub-surface soils. Moreover, Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) indicates that the sub-surface soils have lower pollution than the surface soils. The geostatistical modeling reveals that the simple kriging technique was estimated as the most appropriate interpolation model. The present investigation exhibits that reduced heavy metal pollution is due to the sandy nature of soils and frequent flooding. However, the limited pollution is revealed due to the intensive agricultural practices on riverine chars. Therefore, this would be helpful to regional planners, agricultural engineers, and stakeholders in a basin area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of soil heavy metal pollution and associated ecological risk of agriculture dominated mid-channel bars in a subtropical river basin

Hoque

Islam

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…Electrical Conductivity (EC) defines the levels of soluble salts in the water (Dandge and Patil, 2021;Mahammad et al, 2022). The EC varies significantly across the places examined in the study area (Figure 9C), with a mean of 2957.84 µS/cm (campaign of 2021).…”

Section: Assessment Of Water Quality 421 Adequacy Of Water For Human ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical evolution and groundwater quality assessment of the Tinejdad-Touroug quaternary aquifer, South-East Morocco

Ait Said,

Mili,

El Faleh

et al. 2023

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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The Palm Grove ecosystems situated in the southeastern region of Morocco are highly vulnerable to compromise, encountering significant challenges due to insufficient precipitation and limited availability of groundwater. The objective of this study is to evaluate the groundwater quality of the Tinejdad-Touroug aquifer for domestic and irrigation purposes. Groundwater flows from southwest to northeast mostly in Quaternary conglomerate-lacustrine facies in the Rheris basin. The results show that the domination of the major ions is in the following order: Cl−>HCO3−>SO42−>Na+>Ca2+>Mg2+>NO3−>K+>NO2−>NH4+. Piper diagram showed the predominance of a single mixed chemical facies Cl-SO4-Ca-Mg, as well as the presence of exceptions of some samples that showed other facies variations. The water quality index (WQI) assessments of the campaigns that were examined demonstrate that the recorded percentages of poor quality water ranged from 40% to 90% while the percentages of good quality water varied from 7.7% to 54.5%. The remaining samples reveal different classes with varying percentages. Most of the sites in all campaigns had drinking water parameters that exceeded the values established by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Moroccan standards. Nevertheless, the parameters of Temperature, pH, TH, DO, Ca2+, SO42−, K+, NH4+, and bacteriological parameters were within the required limits. The results of the assessment based on electrical conductivity suggest a significant increase in salinity levels, with an average of 2744.75 µS/cm in 2000, 3248.58 µS/cm in 2007, and 2957.84 µS/cm in 2021. The findings of the study reveal a positive assessment regarding the quality of the water samples examined during the eight sampling campaigns, as indicated by the PI and KR indices. However, additional investigation of the SAR, Na%, and MH indices revealed that three water samples acquired from separate surveys are not appropriate for irrigation purposes, showing that groundwater must be controlled until it can be properly used. The outcomes accentuate the necessity of consistent monitoring and evaluation of water quality parameters to establish the safe and sustainable exploitation of water resources for domestic and agricultural purposes. Elevated salinity levels in Quaternary aquifers resulting from natural mechanisms such as increased rates of evaporation and geological factors may have contributed to the degradation of groundwater quality.

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“…The subjective weighting method is employed in the process of determining the PIG value, and the calculation of the weight is based on subjective judgment and former experience. Several objective weight-determination methods, such as the Entropy-weighted model and the CRITIC (criteria importance through intercriteria correlation)-weighted model were integrated with TOPSIS and the WQI approach to evaluate water quality in different areas [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. As for the integrated method, Zhang et al integrated CRITIC (objective method) and AHP (subjective method) to calculate the index weight, aiming to comprehensively appraise the water-source vulnerability of Yuqiao Reservoir [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality Assessment in the Northern Part of Changchun City, Northeast China, Using PIG and Two Improved PIG Methods

Wang

Xiao

Liang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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As a numerical indicator, the pollution index of groundwater (PIG) has gained a great deal of popularity in quantifying groundwater quality for drinking purposes. However, its weight-determination procedure is rather subjective due to the absolute dependence on experts’ experience. To make the evaluation results more accurate and convincing, two improved PIG models (CRITIC-PIG and Entropy-PIG) that integrate subjective weights and objective weights were designed, and they were employed to appraise groundwater suitability for drinking purposes in the northern part of Changchun City. A total of 48 water samples (34 unconfined water samples and 14 confined water samples) with abundances of Ca2+ and HCO3− were collected and tested to obtain the data for the analyses. The results showed that 60.4%, 47.9% and 60.4% of the water samples manifested insignificant pollution and were marginally potable based on the values of the PIG, CRITIC-PIG and Entropy-PIG, respectively. Though 48% of the water samples had different evaluation results, their level difference was mostly 1, which is relatively acceptable. The distribution maps of the three sets of PIG values demonstrated that the quality of groundwater was the best in Dehui City and the worst in Nongan County. Groundwater contamination in the study area was mainly caused by the high concentrations of TDS, TH, Fe3+, F− and NO3−, which not only came from geogenic sources but also anthropogenic sources.

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Geospatial assessment of groundwater quality using entropy-based irrigation water quality index and heavy metal pollution indices

Cited by 42 publications

References 83 publications

Assessment of soil heavy metal pollution and associated ecological risk of agriculture dominated mid-channel bars in a subtropical river basin

Assessment of soil heavy metal pollution and associated ecological risk of agriculture dominated mid-channel bars in a subtropical river basin

Hydrochemical evolution and groundwater quality assessment of the Tinejdad-Touroug quaternary aquifer, South-East Morocco

Groundwater Quality Assessment in the Northern Part of Changchun City, Northeast China, Using PIG and Two Improved PIG Methods

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