Geospatial variations in trends of reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition indicators at block level in Bihar, India, during scale-up of Ananya program interventions

Abdalla, Safa; Pair, Emma; Mehta, Kala M.; Ward, Victoria; Darmstadt, Gary L.

doi:10.7189/jogh.10.0201004

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This work is the latest in a series of analyses aimed to describe and explain the Ananya programme's impacts in Bihar [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][36][37][38][39]. Our intention was not to re-examine the already well-established links between health and social determinants, but to examine how these links are influencing the outcome of the programme scaleup over time and in different areas, and the need for approaches to be more conscious of the existing ecosystem in which health programmes are embedded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methodology was described in detail elsewhere [ 13 ]. We previously estimated block-level trends with 95% credible intervals for each indicator using hierarchical Bayesian modelling [ 19 ]. For the first research question, we defined an increase in indicator level as a 95% lower credible limit that was above 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We applied this analysis to trends in the five indicators among the nine indicators analysed ( Table 2 ) for which there was variation in the direction of change between 2014-2017: FLW visits, birth preparedness measures, skin-to-skin care, dry cord care, and age-appropriate frequency of complementary feeding [ 19 ]. We first tested the independent variables for their univariable association with the dependent variables.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously examined geographic variations at block level – the smallest administrative unit – in levels and trends of 22 RMNCHN indicators from 2014-2017, finding evidence of variations in trends at the block level in 19 of those indicators from across the continuum of care [ 19 ]. A programme equity evaluation had shown differential trends in indicators by degree of social and economic marginalisation related to limited health care access, pointing to possible contextual barriers such as remoteness of health facilities with limited access to affordable transportation [ 20 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Improving the precision of maternal, newborn, and child health impact through geospatial analysis of the association of contextual and programmatic factors with health trends in Bihar, India

et al. 2022

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Background There is a scarcity of research that comprehensively examines programme impact from a context-specific perspective. We aimed to determine the conditions under which the Bihar Technical Support Programme led to more favourable outcomes for maternal and child health in Bihar. Methods We obtained block-level data on maternal and child health indicators during the state-wide scale-up of the pilot Ananya programme and data on health facility readiness, along with geographical and sociodemographic variables. We examined the associations of these factors with increases in the levels of indicators using multilevel logistic regression, and the associations with rates of change in the indicators using Bayesian Hierarchical modelling. Results Frontline worker (FLW) visits between 2014-2017 were more likely to increase in blocks with better night lighting (odds ratio (OR) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01-1.51). Birth preparedness increased in blocks with increasing FLW visits (OR = 3.43, 95% CI = 1.15-10.21), while dry cord care practice increased in blocks where satisfaction with FLW visits was increasing (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.10-2.11). Age-appropriate frequency of complementary feeding increased in blocks with higher development index (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.16-2.06) and a higher percentage of scheduled caste or tribe (OR = 3.21, 95% CI = 1.13-9.09). An increase in most outcomes was more likely in areas with lower baseline levels. Conclusions Contextual factors (eg, night lighting and development) not targeted by the programme and FLW visits were associated with favourable programme outcomes. Intervention design, including intervention selection for a particular geography, should be modified to fit the local context in the short term. Expanding collaborations beyond the health sector to influence modifiable contextual factors in the long term can result in a higher magnitude and more sustainable impact. Registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02726230.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the precision of maternal, newborn, and child health impact through geospatial analysis of the association of contextual and programmatic factors with health trends in Bihar, India

et al. 2022

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Geospatial Analysis of Malnutrition among Under-Five Children: A Scoping Review

Dmello

Badiger

Kumar

et al. 2023

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU

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Nutritional status is one of the important factors that indicate children's proper development and growth. The geospatial analytic approach is useful in describing and analyzing the characteristics, depth, and coverage of the malnutrition burden among under-five children. This current scoping review was performed to systematically map the spatial analytical techniques and approaches applied in nutrition among under-five children. An organized online database search was conducted to identify articles published between 1995 and 2021 on under-five nutrition and spatial statistic in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science. A total of 80 distinct articles were identified, of which 34 articles were used for the final review. A spatial statistical correlation was mainly used (n = 15), followed by Bayesian spatial modelling (n = 7), Global Moran's technique (n = 9), and Getis-Ord (n = 3). Nine studies in India concerning spatial analysis and undernutrition were conducted based on a national-level demographic health survey. There is a need for future spatial studies related to nutrition and under-five children at the sub-national level in India.

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Geospatial variations in trends of reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition indicators at block level in Bihar, India, during scale-up of Ananya program interventions

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

Improving the precision of maternal, newborn, and child health impact through geospatial analysis of the association of contextual and programmatic factors with health trends in Bihar, India

Improving the precision of maternal, newborn, and child health impact through geospatial analysis of the association of contextual and programmatic factors with health trends in Bihar, India

Geospatial Analysis of Malnutrition among Under-Five Children: A Scoping Review

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