Geostatistical lithofacies modeling of the upper sandstone member/Zubair formation in south Rumaila oil field, Iraq

Al‐Mudhafar, Watheq J.

doi:10.1007/s12517-017-2951-y

Cited by 24 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Table presents the basic parameters of the static model used in this study. Furthermore, Simulation Indicator Sequential (SIS) technique was engaged because of its efficiency to construct the models swiftly and simply generate multiple models during the uncertainty analysis as well as reduce the risk. , Therefore, the SIS technique was adopted to allocate the facies model of the S1A reservoir. Sequential Gaussian Simulation (SGS) is a robust, adaptable, efficient, and widely preferred algorithm that can be integrated into a wide range of modeling methods .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO₂ Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery via the Water Alternating Gas Scheme in a Mixed Transgressive Sandstone-Carbonate Reservoir: Case Study of a Large Middle East Oilfield

et al. 2022

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The knowledge on CO2 sequestration and CO2 enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) in mature mixed and interbedded hydrocarbon reservoirs are limited. In this vein, the feasibility of CO2-water alternating gas (CO2-WAG) for coupling CO2 sequestration and CO2-EOR in a mature mixed sandstone-carbonate reservoir was investigated using the S1A reservoir. First, core sample analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were conducted to evaluate the reservoir characterization. Next, a geological model with dual porosity and permeability was developed and transferred to a reservoir simulation model, and 21-year field production data were utilized for history matching and constraining of the reservoir model. Then, continuous CO2 and CO2-WAG injection methods were simulated using newly developed and history-matched geo-models and compared to assess their CO2-EOR and CO2 storage mechanisms and determine their potential in a mixed sandstone-carbonate reservoir. The effect of the anisotropic permeability ratio and hysteresis on CO2 storage mechanisms was addressed in this work. The results indicate that the CO2-WAG scheme can yield a +3% oil recovery factor than the continuous CO2 injection method, and CO2-WAG injection can utilize up to 14 and 12% of the total CO2 injected for residual and solubility trappings, respectively, while a minimal 2.9 and 0.03% was utilized from continuous CO2 injection for residual and solubility trappings, respectively. The WAG ratio of 2:1 could yield a higher recovery factor and greater CO2 utilization for solubility and residual trappings in a mixed reservoir. In mixed and interbedded reservoirs, geological anisotropy can also strongly influence reservoir performance during the CO2-EOR process, in which higher values of the anisotropy ratio (K v/K h) in CO2-WAG can yield greater oil recovery and more CO2 storage; also, hysteresis has great impact on residual trapping. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of CO2-WAG for CO2 sequestration and CO2-EOR in mature mixed and interbedded reservoirs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO₂ Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery via the Water Alternating Gas Scheme in a Mixed Transgressive Sandstone-Carbonate Reservoir: Case Study of a Large Middle East Oilfield

et al. 2022

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“…SIS is a pixel-based simulation method used for stochastic modeling of nonparametric properties, such as rock types. The continuous variable is transformed into a number of indicator variables and these indicator variables will be spatially modeled using variogram or covariance functions [14]. Indicator variograms characterize the spatial variations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The robust algorithm provides a straightforward way to transfer uncertainty in categories through to the resulting numerical models and the required parameters are easy to infer from inadequate data. SIS has also been widely studied and adopted in many other studies [14,16,17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Study of Lithofacies Identification—A Case Study in X Field, Sabah, Malaysia

et al. 2018

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Understanding subsurface geology is essential for oil and gas exploration. Seismic facies interpretation is very useful in investigating this concept. The interpretation of the depositional setting of the X Field is achieved by integrating the seismic facies characteristics on 3D seismic data and well log data. Both the seismic and well log data are widely used in hydrocarbon exploration to map the subsurface, as they complement each other. Well logs yield the vertical resolution of the subsurface geology at the drilled well, whereas seismic data reveal the lateral continuity. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the integration of 3D seismic data and well log data for lithofacies identification. Interpretation and analysis of lithofacies is carried out through the integration of the characteristics of seismic reflections with well information (logs). Horizons are interpreted based on the variation in seismic reflections on the seismic section, which is caused by the change in geology within seismic sequences. Well logs give detailed information at the points where the wells were drilled. Interpolating between these points and extrapolating away from the points into undrilled areas can be helpful in providing a better geological knowledge of an area. The result of this integrated study depicts the lithofacies in the area. This integrated study will provide a better insight with higher degree of reliability to the facies distribution and depositional setting of the X Field. The geological and geophysical aspects of the field will be documented.

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“…SISIM has been successfully employed across a range of reservoir lithologies, particularly sandstones, to characterize various spatial patterns, including sinuous and planar features (e.g., flow channels and faults) 10 , complicated deep-water turbiditic sequences 11 , and tidal depositional environments 12 . SISIM models can combine multi-scale data from multiple sources, including well logs, geophysical surveys, and lithofacies analysis 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic lithofacies and petrophysical property modeling for fast history matching in heterogeneous clastic reservoir applications

Al-Mudhafar,

Vo Thanh,

Wood

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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For complex and multi-layered clastic oil reservoir formations, modeling lithofacies and petrophysical parameters is essential for reservoir characterization, history matching, and uncertainty quantification. This study introduces a real oilfield case study that conducted high-resolution geostatistical modeling of 3D lithofacies and petrophysical properties for rapid and reliable history matching of the Luhais oil reservoir in southern Iraq. For capturing the reservoir's tidal depositional setting using data collected from 47 wells, the lithofacies distribution (sand, shaly sand, and shale) of a 3D geomodel was constructed using sequential indicator simulation (SISIM). Based on the lithofacies modeling results, 50 sets of porosity and permeability distributions were generated using sequential Gaussian simulation (SGSIM) to provide insight into the spatial geological uncertainty and stochastic history matching. For each rock type, distinct variograms were created in the 0° azimuth direction, representing the shoreface line. The standard deviation between every pair of spatial realizations justified the number of variograms employed. An upscaled version of the geomodel, incorporating the lithofacies, permeability, and porosity, was used to construct a reservoir-flow model capable of providing rapid, accurate, and reliable production history matching, including well and field production rates.

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Geostatistical lithofacies modeling of the upper sandstone member/Zubair formation in south Rumaila oil field, Iraq

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

CO₂ Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery via the Water Alternating Gas Scheme in a Mixed Transgressive Sandstone-Carbonate Reservoir: Case Study of a Large Middle East Oilfield

CO₂ Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery via the Water Alternating Gas Scheme in a Mixed Transgressive Sandstone-Carbonate Reservoir: Case Study of a Large Middle East Oilfield

Integrated Study of Lithofacies Identification—A Case Study in X Field, Sabah, Malaysia

Stochastic lithofacies and petrophysical property modeling for fast history matching in heterogeneous clastic reservoir applications

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Geostatistical lithofacies modeling of the upper sandstone member/Zubair formation in south Rumaila oil field, Iraq

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

CO2 Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery via the Water Alternating Gas Scheme in a Mixed Transgressive Sandstone-Carbonate Reservoir: Case Study of a Large Middle East Oilfield

CO2 Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery via the Water Alternating Gas Scheme in a Mixed Transgressive Sandstone-Carbonate Reservoir: Case Study of a Large Middle East Oilfield

Integrated Study of Lithofacies Identification—A Case Study in X Field, Sabah, Malaysia

Stochastic lithofacies and petrophysical property modeling for fast history matching in heterogeneous clastic reservoir applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

CO₂ Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery via the Water Alternating Gas Scheme in a Mixed Transgressive Sandstone-Carbonate Reservoir: Case Study of a Large Middle East Oilfield

CO₂ Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery via the Water Alternating Gas Scheme in a Mixed Transgressive Sandstone-Carbonate Reservoir: Case Study of a Large Middle East Oilfield