Geostatistical Modelling of Groundwater Quality at Rumuola Community, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Abstract

The groundwater quality of Rumuola community of Rivers State, Nigeria was investigated. This study was done to determine the pollution potential of a solid waste open dump in a borrow pit in the community. The leachate pollution index was calculated for the borrow pit at the centre of the community using weighted additive leachate pollution index. The result showed that the LPI value was 5.31 and has low pollution potential. It was discovered that the groundwater in the entire community was acidic with pH levels ranging from 3.6 to 4.2, which is below NSDWQ’s permissible range of 6.5-8.5. Nickel and arsenic also showed concentrations that were above permissible limits with nickel values averaging 0.033 mg/l which is slightly above the limit of 0.02 mg/l. Arsenic had concentrations that ranged from 0.16 to 1.57 mg/l which is above permissible limits of 0.01 mg/l. WQI was determined using weighted arithmetic water quality index analysis. As a result of the high concentrations of arsenic, the WQI values were very high with values ranging from 144 to 1367 and this shows that the water in the study area is unsuitable for drinking. In modelling the water quality index of Rumuola community, geostatistical methods were applied. Ordinary kriging, Empirical Bayesian kriging (EBK), inverse distance weighting (IDW) and cokriging interpolations methods were used to produce surface maps showing the distribution of variables using ARCGIS software. The best interpolators were: EBK for pH, TDS, Sulphate and nitrate; Ordinary kriging for Nickel and Hardness; IDW for Iron and arsenic; Cokriging for WQI.

Effective Material Management and Firm’s Productivity in Selected Aluminum Manufacturing Firms in Delta State, Nigeria

“…Bojke (2012) states that productivity is determined by summing the total amount of input and output that was produced. According to Amah(2006), productivity is the amount of resource (input) that is combined and used effectively to produce the long-term, high-quality goods and services that society needs. According to this, efficiency and economical resource usage go hand in hand to produce production.…”

“…An organisation with high productivity is one where waste is kept to a minimum and resources are used effectively. Various economic, social, technical, and environmental goals are balanced in terms of productivity (Amah, 2006). Increased profitability for investors and business growth are two benefits of high productivity.…”

Modelling Groundwater Quality of Aba in Abia State Using Principal Component Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression

“…The physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, BOD5, COD, TH, SO4, NO3, Turbidity, Pb and PO4) were used to calculate the WQI in this study. The Water Quality Index (WQI) was calculated using the Weighted Average Water Quality Index (WAWQI) method [15,5] which involved:…”

“…Groundwater serves as the main reserve of freshwater and the main sources of water in the urban environment, which is used for drinking, industrial, agricultural and domestic purposes [4]. Groundwater is important to the entire world's population, but more important to semi-arid and arid regions where there is insufficiency of surface water [5].…”

Addressing Nitrate Contamination in Groundwater: The Importance of Spatial and Temporal Understandings and Interpolation Methods

“…They indicated that the RBF model was the best for interpolation prediction and could ensure the accurate fitting of predicted data with measured data at sampling sites. Based on the relative performance of four interpolation methods, the best methods for interpolating GW quality parameters were Empirical Bayesian Kriging (EBK) for pH, TDS, SO 4 , and NO 3 , and OK for nickel and hardness [39]. Previously, interpolation methods were used to investigate the spatial distribution of NO 3 .…”