Geosynthetic clay liners: Perceptions and misconceptions

Rowe, R. Kerry

doi:10.1016/j.geotexmem.2019.11.012

Cited by 81 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…If it is a moist/wet GCL or soil, then the heat in the secondary liner can be conducted away from the liner as quick as it passes through that geomembrane. The same can be said for designs with geotextiles beneath the secondary liner; however, the elevated temperature tends to drive off moisture from GCLs (Rowe 2018), and obviously the same drying applies to geotextiles as well. If the air void remains trapped, such as in double glazed windows of northern Europe, then the temperature of the upper liner and barrier system rises even higher than the norm due to the lower thermal conductivity of underlying layers inhibiting heat escape (see paper on wrinkles by Take et al 2014Take et al , 2015.…”

Section: Brine and Acid Lagoonsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…This is not possible in composite liners above capillary breaks or drainage layers nor in double composite liner facilities (Legge et al 2007), and may not be true for applications where the GCL is in direct contact with adjacent soils that have not been compacted with adequate moisture content or soils containing smectite. In such cases the degree of saturation may be even lower than the 30 to 70% typical of application in contact with non-cohesive soils (Rowe 2018).…”

Section: Perceived Performance Of Geosynthetic Clay Liner Layers As Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is most unlikely to have these four parameters constant for different GCLs. Rowe (2018) notes that the GCL structure can significantly influence the moisture content of the bentonite at the low confining stresses typical of the hydration phase, and thus finer may be better. Even this suggestion may not hold true for facilities in which containment is required soon after installation -because the wetting front through a GCL is higher for granular than powered bentonite, and thus it may be preferable in some situations where the pollutant receiving face is on the opposite side of the GCL to the wetting face to make use of less finely ground bentonite.…”

Section: Perceived Performance Of Geosynthetic Clay Liner Layers As Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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An economy and ecosystem symbiosis: barrier systems for water conservation and pollution control

Legge¹

2019

Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Paste, Thickened and Filtered Tailings

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An awareness of the rate at which water resource development took place in South Africa being supply driven, until relatively recent times, leads to an appreciation of the changing philosophy in respect of water conservation and pollution control, as well as essential amendment to principles and procedures. Reconciling water demand and supply in catchments requires concurrent consideration of available water quantity and quality. This stimulates the need for change in the way we view water uses and brings about business opportunities in the sector. The review of infrastructure designs in support of water use and mining applications for industrial and mining waste has developed and transformed along with improved technology and changes in legislation since 1994 in South Africa. A containment barrier system comprises of both filter protected drains and low permeability liners which are visible in the short term until covered. They are required to perform effectively after initial use and are often inaccessible for the operating period and subsequent service life of decades or even centuries. This paper presents a regulator's perspective of commonly repeated deviation from accepted norms and standards in the engineering profession, as applied to pollution control facilities. Emphasis is placed on the standards of today with experience reflecting on the past five years of design reviews, leading to conclusions and recommendations for facility owners and practitioners. Examples of procedure, mechanisms, performance, specifications and socioeconomic benefits are addressed. It is postulated that in the near future many mining and industrial developers will choose to improve containment standards of barrier systems as a component of reengineering water demands and for economic advantage while embracing contributions from ecosystem services.

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Section: Brine and Acid Lagoonsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Perceived Performance Of Geosynthetic Clay Liner Layers As Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perceived Performance Of Geosynthetic Clay Liner Layers As Amentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An economy and ecosystem symbiosis: barrier systems for water conservation and pollution control

Legge¹

2019

Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Paste, Thickened and Filtered Tailings

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“…Geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) are formed of a thin layer of bentonite (5~10mm) enclosed between two geotextiles by needle punching. Typically, The primary resistance for fluid flow through a GCL is provided by the bentonite (typically sodium bentonite) known for its low permeability to liquids and gases when well-hydrated [1]). Usually, GCLs are installed in the ILHOG DW ORZ JUDYLPHWULF ZDWHU FRQWHQW § RQ DQ engineered subsoil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-isothermal moisture migration in a GCL composite liner system

Tincopa

Carnero-Guzman²

2021

MATEC Web Conf.

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Geosynthetic Clay liners (GCLs) are used extensively in waste management facilities as part of hydraulic and gas barriers since the bentonite, active component of GCLs, possesses a low conductivity when well hydrated. GCL hydration occurs in the unsaturated regime following the water retention curve of the GCL and subsoil (wetting and drying path of the WRC of the GCL and subsoil, respectively). Moreover, the GCL hydration is controlled/governed by factors such as applied stress condition, subsoil characteristics, and weather condition (temperature). This paper numerically studied the influence of temperature in the GCL hydration. The models were conducted using Vadose/W and simulations were calibrated with experimental results and further practical scenarios were then predicted. Five temperature conditions that resemble average and extreme weather were used (5°C, 10°C, 20°C, 50°C, 70°C, respectively). Results indicate that temperature influence the GCL hydration rate and the final water content achievable, which affect the final performance of the GCL.

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“…Several studies confirmed that membrane holes will lead to odor leakage. Based on the theoretical derivation, the membrane/geomembrane pore leakage depends on the liner cross section and contact between the geomembrane and the underlying low-permeability layer (Giroud 1997;Rowe 2018). In general, the quantity and size of holes (especially those caused by wrinkles or seams) have a great impact on the geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) leakage (Mendes et al 2010, Rowe 2012Fox et al 2011;El-Zein and Rowe 2008;Rowe and Abdelatty, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and modeling of odors release from membrane holes on daily overlay in a landfill and its impact on landfill odor control

Jiang

Rtimi

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In the present work, we studied the NH3 and H2S odor fluxes between the exposed working area and the HDPE covering film holes of the daily overlay in an actual landfill site with a daily operating area of 1600 m2 in Hangzhou, China. We showed that the odors were released from the membrane pores and the average concentrations of NH3 and H2S release reached 109.6 ± 56.6 and 86.0 ± 31.1 mg/m2/s, respectively. These concentrations are 43.8 and 57.3 times the exposed working surface. Furthermore, mathematical modeling based on the total amount of odor release revealed that there was a linear positive correlation between the total odor amount and the landfill operation area. However, the maximum number of film holes allowed on the covering layer has nothing to do with the working area and exposed working time, which is mainly determined by the HDPE film width in terms of ensuring the deodorizing effect of the covering operation. If the HDPE film with a width of more than 4 m is used, the number of film holes allowed within 100 m is more than 8. Therefore, in order to reduce the odor, the appropriate film width should be selected according to the actual operating conditions such as the mechanical operation level at the time of welding, the design of the landfill site, and the operational norms. This study explores the effect of film hole quantity of the daily cover in the landfill on the odor release from the landfill, which can provide an important reference for the design, operation, and decision-making of the daily cover operation of the sanitary landfill.

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Geosynthetic clay liners: Perceptions and misconceptions

Cited by 81 publications

References 135 publications

An economy and ecosystem symbiosis: barrier systems for water conservation and pollution control

An economy and ecosystem symbiosis: barrier systems for water conservation and pollution control

Non-isothermal moisture migration in a GCL composite liner system

Investigation and modeling of odors release from membrane holes on daily overlay in a landfill and its impact on landfill odor control

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