Geotechnical analysis of two Nigerian soils for use as clay liners

Obrike, Stephen E.; Osadebe, CC; Omoniyi, Sunday Samuel

doi:10.1007/s10064-009-0189-y

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…"Reference [13] investigated the use of Oman shale in liners". "Reference [12] investigated the use of some type of shale in waste disposal landfills in Nigeria". "Reference [13] studied the permeability of clay liners of some geological formations and different depositional basins in Turkey".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nvestigation of the Hydraulic Efficiency of Sand - Natural Expansive Clay Mixtures

Shaker¹

2016

Geomate

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study is to evaluate the hydraulic performance of a sand-natural expansive clay mixture in comparison with sand-bentonite mixture. Natural expansive clay used in this study was obtained from Al-Qatif region, Saudi Arabia. The saturated hydraulic conductivity was evaluated for different mixtures of sand-Al Qatif clay with clay contents ranging from 10% to 60% clay. Similarly, the saturated hydraulic conductivity of sand-bentonite mixtures with different bentonite contents (0%, 5%, 10% and 20%) was also evaluated. All hydraulic conductivity tests were performed under different confining pressures. Test results revealed that sand-Al-Qatif clay mixtures can perform adequately as a hydraulic barrier; however, with Al-Qatif clay contents greater than that used for sand-bentonite mixtures. This is attributed to difference between clay mineralogy between Al-Qatif clay and bentonite. In addition a quantitative approach is proposed to assess the hydraulic conductivity of sand-Al-Qatif clay mixtures in comparison to that for sand-bentonite mixtures. Finally, soil fabric of mixtures was examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique to observe differences in fabric between sand-Al-Qatif clay and sand-bentonite mixtures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nvestigation of the Hydraulic Efficiency of Sand - Natural Expansive Clay Mixtures

Shaker¹

2016

Geomate

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“…Rawas et al (2005) investigated the use of Oman shale in liners [3]. Reference [4] Obrike et al (2009) investigated the use of Auchi shale and Imo shale in waste disposal landfills in Nigeria. Langdon et al (2008) [5] studied the permeability of clay liners of some geological formations and different depositional basins in Turkey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer in Compacted Clay–Sand Layers

2022

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The ASTM D6951 suggests a test method using the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) for the assessment of shallow pavement strength. This study is dedicated to evaluating a similar test method to be used for fine-grained clay–sand mixtures, which are commonly used to construct liners and fluid barriers. The liner layers include clay, which is water-sensitive. The shear strength of the liners depends mainly on the composition and proportions of the mixtures adopted. A series of tests were conducted in the laboratory for compacted clay–sand mixtures, including 5% and 10% bentonite material. The responses to advancing a dynamic probe into compacted material at three various moisture conditions—namely, the optimum, dry of optimum, and wet of optimum water contents—are investigated. The penetration profiles are compared for the two clay content levels selected and for three moisture state conditions. The clay–sand liners support vehicles and vibratory compactors during construction and when waste material is placed. The shear strengths of the mixtures are evaluated in the laboratory using direct shear tests. From the results obtained in this investigation, general guidelines and recommendations are presented to help with the efficient assessment of liners consisting of clay–sand mixtures. A cheap and quick approach to assess the density and shear strength of landfill liners or clay–sand layers can be achieved using a hand-held dynamic cone penetrometer. The state of moisture during compaction was found to influence the DCP results. The compaction of layers in a wet of optimum state is not expected to be an ideal alternative.

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“…Highly plastic and unprocessed local clays are presently used as environmentally friendly alternatives to bentonite in liners and other sand-clay backfills [7,8]. Research work on the chemical effect of chlorides is covered in more detail in the field of expansive soil stabilization.…”

Section: Introduction and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fluid Chemistry on the Consolidation and Hydraulic Conductivity of Sand-Clay Liners

Dafalla

2021

Sustainability

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The clay swelling potential of sand-clay liners exposed to saline water or specific chemicals can influence their hydraulic conductivity and other consolidation properties. The effect of saline water or chemicals on the sand-clay liners was thus studied and evaluated. The consolidation characteristics of the sand-clay liner can be different when tested under different fluid media. Bentonite and cement grouts are chemicals that have a significant effect on the sand-clay liners. Cement and bentonite can be used to seal off the openings within the liner to repair a defect or a malfunction. In this study, Al-Qatif clay was used to form a sand-clay liner when mixed with fine-grained sand (clay is 20% by dry weight). Soil samples extracted from this liner were exposed to inorganic chemical solutions. NaCl and CaCl2 solutions with concentration ranges of 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.5% were used. Acidic water with pH values of 4, 5, and 6 was similarly used as fluid media. The effects of NaCl, CaCl2, and water with different acidity on the consolidation characteristics and hydraulic conductivity were obtained and compared to those of the distilled water. The effects of grout materials containing bentonite (1%, 2%, and 3% by weight) and cement (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% by weight) were also investigated. The addition of bentonite grout to the liner surface was found to improve its hydraulic conductivity. The cement effect on the compressibility was found to be very significant. The findings of this study can serve as a guide for selecting parameters in the design and assessment of sand-clay liners in semi-arid regions and coastal zones.

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Geotechnical analysis of two Nigerian soils for use as clay liners

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Nvestigation of the Hydraulic Efficiency of Sand - Natural Expansive Clay Mixtures

Nvestigation of the Hydraulic Efficiency of Sand - Natural Expansive Clay Mixtures

Use of the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer in Compacted Clay–Sand Layers

Effect of Fluid Chemistry on the Consolidation and Hydraulic Conductivity of Sand-Clay Liners

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