Geotechnical assessment of near-surface sediments and their hazardous impact: Case study of Jizan city, southwestern Saudi Arabia

Alhumimidi, Mansour S.

doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2020.02.031

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A velocity of 122 m/s was calculated over BH2 (sabkha east of diapir) where a consolidated layer was intercepted at 18 m and an f 0 value of 1.69 was extracted from the nearest passive seismic station. Our calculated shear wave velocities are similar to those estimated using multichannel analysis of surface waves over the JZD and surrounding sabkhas (Alhumimidi 2020). The estimated shear wave velocities were then used to estimate depth to the caprock or halite body for the stations over the diapir only (Table 2).…”

Section: Passive Seismic Datasupporting

confidence: 57%

Use of Geophysical and Radar Interferometric Techniques to Monitor Land Deformation Associated with the Jazan Salt Diapir, Jazan city, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2021

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Using integrated Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) datasets (Envisat: 2003–2009; Sentinel-1: 2014–2018), local gravity surveys, and passive seismic data, we investigated the environmental hazards associated with the rise of the Miocene Jazan salt diapir (JZD; ~ 2 km2) within Jazan city, Saudi Arabia, and identified areas at risk in its immediate surroundings. Our findings include (1) the JZD outcrop and its northern, southern and western bordering areas have been undergoing substantial uplift (up to 4.7 mm/yr), whereas the sabkhas to the east are witnessing subsidence (up to − 7.5 mm/yr); (2) a low Bouguer anomaly (7.5 mGal) was observed over the JZD relative to its surroundings (8.5–12 mGal) with the steepest gradient along its eastern side; (3) strong and clear horizontal/vertical (H/V) spectral ratio peak and high frequency (5–10 Hz) over the JZD outcrop and areas proximal to its western margin, but areas to the east have a weak H/V peak and low frequency (1.5-3 Hz); (4) drilling confirmed presence of a shallow (4 m) salt bedrock layer west of the JZD and the absence of this layer to its east (up to depths of 60 m); (5) uplift patterns along the diapir margins are indicative of near-vertical contact along the JZD eastern margin and less steep contacts along the remaining margins; and (6) additional near-surface diapirs could potentially be identified in the vicinity of the JZD using our integrated approach.

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Section: Passive Seismic Datasupporting

confidence: 57%

Use of Geophysical and Radar Interferometric Techniques to Monitor Land Deformation Associated with the Jazan Salt Diapir, Jazan city, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2021

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“…These deposits are covered by a Tertiary continental series of salt deposits and marine calcareous rocks, resulting in a puffy surface known as "Sabkha". Jizan's salt dome is positioned 10-50 m above the FIGURE 2 | Geologic map the study area where the geologic cross-section is drawn on the map (Alhumimidi, 2020).…”

Section: Area Of Study and Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ground subsidence due rock dissolution in the area have been reported by a few workers (Ghazali et al, 1985;Fatani and Khan 1993). Alhumimidi (2020) carried out a geotechnical assessment of the near surface sediments in Jizan city and concluded that the city could be differentiated into two structurally weak zones that is the Jizan salt dome in the west and sabkha deposits in the east.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Assessment of a Salt Dome in Jizan, Southwestern Saudi Arabia, Using High Spatial Resolution Remote Sensing Data

et al. 2021

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The salt dome in Jizan, southwestern Saudi Arabia, has caused several problems related to underground dissolution, particularly in the old part of the city. Examples of these problems include surface collapse, building failure, fracturing, tilting, and road cracking. Analysis of the salt dome using X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the dominance of gypsum, anhydrite, and halite. This study evaluates the damage assessment using multitemporal high spatial resolution data of the GeoEye-1, and QuickBird-2 sensors. Change detection technique, textural analysis, and visual interpretation were applied to these data. Analysis of the data recorded before and after a particular damage event revealed that three neighborhoods located above the Jizan salt dome—Al-Ashaima, Shamiya, and Aljabal—were affected to the greatest extent. The entire residential neighborhood of Al-Ashaima was evacuated, and the buildings located in it were demolished. Several buildings in the Shamiya and Aljabal neighborhoods were also demolished. Therefore, high spatial remote sensing data are effective in assessing building damage and for anticipating future damage, thus benefiting decision making for the affected cities.

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“…This will aid the National Tourism Plan, which aims to welcome 100 million visitors from all over the world into the Kingdom. Geotechnical measurements are used in building design laws to define deposits and establish their properties, which has lately become a very important study of deposits close to the surface and an essential function in the design ground motions of the structure's design codes (Alhumimidi, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geological-geotechnical investigations of the historical Diriyah urban zone in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: an integrated approach

2023

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One hundred seventy geotechnical boreholes, two geo-seismic profiles of multichannel analyses of surface waves (MASW), and two geoelectrical cross-sections of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) were carried out in the historical Diriyah urban zone. The borehole samples were analyzed for the geotechnical parameters of the standard penetration test (SPT N-value), the rock quality designation (RQD), and compressive strength (CS). Moreover, P- and S-wave velocities have been calculated. The measured SPT N-value has been corrected to amend the N60 parameter. According to the corrected N60, type, lithological, and soil profiles were divided into five distinct subsurface layers. It is indicated, for all recorded depths, these sediments become denser with depth where the values of N60 increase from 5 to 88 downward. According to grain size distribution, the major part of soil sites is composed of sand and varies from low to medium compressibility. The estimated RQD values range from 5 to 100 indicating rocks with significant variations in their geotechnical and physio-chemical characteristics. Furthermore, the compressive strength varies widely between 152.3 and 1,104.2 kg/cm2, which represents diverse geodynamic behavior under civil engineering constructions. Besides, the range of soil stiffness is indicated by the Shear-wave velocity (Vs) for soil layers, which varies from 171.3 to 456.2 m/s. According to the findings of the MASW profiles, the shear wave velocity is shown to be decreasing in MASW profile 1 between depths of 8 and 14 m, where the values range from 1,000 to 1,500 m/s, indicating a weak zone filled with secondary materials. But line 2 shows how the shear wave velocity decreased from depths of 5 m–11 m, where values ranged from 1,000 to 1,500 m/s, thus indicating a weak zone. The low resistivity zones in ERT cross-sections, which are found at the same depths in MASW profiles, are well associated with these findings. It can be concluded that there are a number of weak zones with varying depths, shapes, and dimensions found in the historical Diriyah urban zone’s near-surface deposits that civil engineers, urban planners, and urban developers should consider before undertaking any construction or developmental work involving civil engineering.

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Geotechnical assessment of near-surface sediments and their hazardous impact: Case study of Jizan city, southwestern Saudi Arabia

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Use of Geophysical and Radar Interferometric Techniques to Monitor Land Deformation Associated with the Jazan Salt Diapir, Jazan city, Saudi Arabia

Use of Geophysical and Radar Interferometric Techniques to Monitor Land Deformation Associated with the Jazan Salt Diapir, Jazan city, Saudi Arabia

Damage Assessment of a Salt Dome in Jizan, Southwestern Saudi Arabia, Using High Spatial Resolution Remote Sensing Data

Geological-geotechnical investigations of the historical Diriyah urban zone in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: an integrated approach

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