Geranoyl-CoA Carboxylase: A Novel Biotin-Containing Enzyme in Plants

Substrate Specificity of the 3-Methylcrotonyl Coenzyme A (CoA) and Geranyl-CoA Carboxylases from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…In P. citronellolis it has been observed that GCCase is able to carboxylate 5 to 15 different acyl-CoA substrates, including MCCoA (8). An interesting fact is that the plant GCCase shows a strict substrate preference, carboxylating G-CoA but not MCCoA (13). This finding suggests that in P. aeruginosa GCCase may play a bifunctional role during its participation in both the acyclic terpene and the leucine catabolic pathways.…”

“…It has been suggested that the P. citronellolis GCCase carboxylates both G-CoA and MC-CoA, while MCCase carboxylates only MC-CoA (9,13,15). Although the genes that encode the enzymes of the acyclic terpene and leucine/isovalerate catabolic pathways in P. aeruginosa and P. citronellolis have been recently elucidated (1,10), there is still uncertainty regarding the bifunctionality of the carboxylases involved.…”

Molecular Characterization of the Non-biotin-containing Subunit of 3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA Carboxylase

“…We interpret elevated MCCase mRNA levels to reflect higher rates of leucine (1,5,(41)(42)(43) and/or isoprenoid (2,42,44) catabolism. We hypothesize that such increased catabolism is needed to satiate demands for ATP generation, particularly in organs and tissues that are not net photosynthetic.…”

“…Typically, this procedure gave a purified MCCase preparation with a specific activity about 400-fold higher than that found in the crude extract; in Leucine is catabolized to acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate in a mitochondrial pathway requiring MCCase in plants, animals, and some bacteria (1,42,46). The mevalonate shunt, identified in animals and plants (4,44), metabolizes mevalonic acid (MVA) to acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate via MCCase and thus funnels carbon away from the biosynthesis of isoprenoids. Catabolism of isoprenoids to acetyl-CoA may proceed via geranoyl-CoA and methylcrotonyl-CoA (MC-CoA) and requires geranoyl-CoA carboxylase, a plastidic biotin-containing enzyme (45), and MCCase; this pathway is similar to that proposed for several psuedomonad species (2,3).…”

Molecular identification and interaction assay of the gene (OsUbc13) encoding a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in rice

“…et al, 2012), DNA repair and damage tolerance (Parusel et al, 2006), and floral organ development (Dai et al, 2002;Takacs et al, 2012). The remaining eight proteins (Table 1) are involved in immunological responses (Petersen et al, 2006;Schweimer et al, 2008), catabolism (Song et al, 1994;Weaver et al, 1995;Guan et al, 1999;Obata et al, 2001), splicing and cell-cycle regulation (Lauber et al, 1996;Ehsani et al, 2013). These results indicated that OsUbc13 might function in diverse biological processes.…”