Geriatric Depression and Its Association with Geriatric Malnutrition: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hubballi, North Karnataka

Abstract

Background: The world's elderly population is increasing rapidly. According to the 2011 census elderly population contributes to 7.4% of the total population. Both physical and mental disorders are prevalent among the elderly. Symptoms of depression in older people are often overlooked and untreated. Depression leads to loss of appetite, diminution of food intake, and weight loss consequently leading to malnutrition. Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the geriatric population of urban field practice area using a predesigned, semi-structured questionnaire. Geriatric Depression was assessed using Geriatric Depression Scale and Nutritional Status using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Scale. House to house survey of the Geriatric population was conducted after obtaining written consent. Results: Out of 260 participants, 51.5% of the population were males, 49.2% of the population belonged to 60-69 years age group and 16.9% of them were more than 80 years of age. The prevalence of geriatric depression was 68.5 %,). The majority (64%) of the elderly population were at risk of malnutrition. Depression scores were negatively correlated with nutritional scores. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression and malnutrition was considerably high among the elderly population. Malnutrition among the elderly is a significant determinant of malnutrition.

Structural equation model of the relationship between depression with functional and nutritional status among Iranian older women: A Cross-sectional Study

“…This study showed a statistically signi cant relationship between nutritional status and depression. In other words, when the older people have a favorable condition in terms of nutrition, their depression score is closer to normal, which is consistent with the results of some other studies (12,15,16). Ziaul Islam's study in Bangladesh showed that malnutrition has a strong and signi cant relationship with depression in the elderly.…”

“…The present study showed a higher prevalence of depression compared to the studies conducted in China (12.2%), (2) (39) and study by Daiani and Indrawati in Indonesia (7.7%) (22). However, the prevalence of depression was lower than the studies by Nekar et al in India (68.5%) (15), the study by Rahanur Alam in Bangladesh (84%)(16), and the study by T. M. Dao in Vietnam (66.9%) (11). These discrepancies might be related to such reasons as differences in the statistical population, differences in depression screening tools and their cut-off points, regional differences, cultural differences, and the place of residence of the elderly (e.g., living at home or elderly living in nursing homes).…”

“…Malnutrition is one of the common health problems in the older people and can lead to depression by increasing vulnerability (15). About 50% of the elderly are malnourished, which varies according to the residence place.…”

“…In addition, malnutrition in older people is less recognized than depression, which decreases the functional capacity and increases the risk of morbidity and mortality among them (16). In this regard, several studies did not show a clear cause and effect relationship between depression and malnutrition (12,15). However, other studies indicated a strong relationship between nutritional de ciencies and depression in the elderly (12,17,18).…”

Charting Fertility Trends: A Global Odyssey with Profound Implications

“…Population ageing presents distinct economic challenges and geriatric health issues. 2,8 A shrinking working-age population can hinder economic growth and productivity. A smaller labour force can lead to reduced innovation, a decline in tax revenues, and an increased burden on younger generations to support the elderly.…”