Germinal Matrix-Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Current Concepts and Future Direction

Abstract

Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage -Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a bleed of multifactorial etiology involving the highly vascular and delicate neuro-glial precursors in the developing brain. It poses a challenging complication in preterm newborns. This chapter provides a focused discussion on the current concepts in pathogenesis, management, and complications of IVH. The radiological findings at diagnosis and follow-up and the cytological features of CSF will be valuable to both frontline and diagnostic healthcare providers. The chapter also reviews the ongoing scientific development in the field. The authors believe that this chapter will be a valuable tool for all healthcare providers (students, physicians, and in nursing care) in managing this challenging condition.

Intraventricular hemorrhage in premature neonates: A narrative review of perinatal risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention and management

“…In recent years, several interventions and strategies with proven benefits have been recommended for reducing the risk of IVH development, including antenatal corticosteroid administration and neonatal brain-focused clinical practices [7,8]. In particular, these practices when offered in the early neonatal period are closely linked to the protection of the neonatal central nervous system (CNS), as they aim to assist brain development, prevent or minimize neuronal cell death and lessen adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonates at risk for IVH [3,8].…”