Germination and seedling growth of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.): effects of provenance, temperature, and radicle pruning

Çalışkan, Sevgi

doi:10.3832/ifor0967-007

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Seed germination is the critical point in natural forest regeneration processes, and radicle elongation is a crucial step for seedling survival (Cubera et al ., ). Any limitations to the positive geotropic extension of the radicle during germination may have a significant impact on the ability of the plant to tolerate soil drought and competition from herbaceous plants in summer (Cubera et al ., ; Caliskan, ; Corcobado et al ., ). In Mediterranean areas, seedlings surviving natural infections from soils infested with Phytophthora will be exposed to a second challenge: summer drought.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Early survival of Quercus ilex subspecies from different populations after infections and co‐infections by multiple Phytophthora species

et al. 2016

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Forests in Europe are threatened by increased diversity of Phytophthora species, but effects on trees of simultaneous infections by Phytophthora and ecological consequences of their coexistence are unknown. This study explored variation in early survival of Quercus ilex to Phytophthora infections and assessed interactions between Phytophthora species when trees were co-infected. Three Phytophthora species (P. cinnamomi, P. gonapodyides and P. quercina), seeds from 16 populations of Q. ilex (ballota and ilex subspecies) and two infection times were used as sources of variation in two experiments. The influence of Phytophthora species, Q. ilex subspecies and populations on plant germination and survival were analysed using generalized linear mixed models and survival analysis techniques. Germination rates were not influenced by Phytophthora spp. (P = 0.194) but by the subspecies and populations of Q. ilex (P < 0.001). In Phytophthora-infested soils, Q. ilex subsp. ilex germinated at higher rates than Q. ilex subsp. ballota. Plant survival was strongly influenced by Phytophthora species (P < 0.001), not by the subspecies and populations of Q. ilex. Seedling mortality was reduced and delayed if a less virulent Phytophthora species infected plants prior to infection by a more virulent Phytophthora species. The results help to explain oak decline syndrome and the lack of natural and artificial regeneration of Q. ilex forests. Lack of interspecific variability of early survival to Phytophthora spp. discourages direct sowing for artificial reforestation programmes. Large, thick seeds, giving plants rapid growth, are advantageous traits when soils are infested with Phytophthora spp.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Early survival of Quercus ilex subspecies from different populations after infections and co‐infections by multiple Phytophthora species

et al. 2016

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“…Determination of physiological seed quality variables was conducted using Czabator equation, namely: GP (germination percentage), GV (germination value), and GS (germination speed) [19][20][21]. The analysis of variance was used to examine the effects of treatment on the observed variables [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Variability of Fruit and Seedling Growth of Mindi (Melia azedarach L.) in Community Forest, West Java, Indonesia

Irmayanti

Siregar

Pamoengkas

2015

JTLS

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Mindi (Melia azedarach L.) is mostly found in community forests of West Java. Important factors affecting the productivity of community forests is the use of quality seed. However, seed quality is not easily available. Currently, community forests serve also as ad hoc seed sources that are usually without appropriate quality assessment. This research was aimed to determine baseline information on spatial variability of Mindi fruits collected from five seed sources, and seedling growths treated in seven different growing media consisting mixtures of soil, rice husk, sand, and cattle manure. Five Mindi populations were selected in the following villages: Nagrak (Bogor), Babakan Rema (Kuningan), Padasari (Sumedang), Sukakarya (Bogor) and Gambung (Bandung). The results showed that variability of seed dimension (CV=4.82-14.37%) and seedling growth (11.79-21.77%) were moderate. The Mindi fruits from Nagrak were found to be the biggest in terms of size (1.22 ± 0.17 cm), weight (0.40 ± 0.04 g), and seed set (85.47 ± 15.09%). Besides, the seedling growth from Nagrak was also better than those of other villages showing its potential for future seed sources. Growing media containing cattle manure were observed consistently to be the best for seedling growth. The findings are useful in supporting the selection of seed sources from community forests scientifically.

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“…However, differences between provenances can be detected in seed (Kuser & Ching 1981, Melzack & Watts 1982, Šijačić-Nikolić et al 2007, Rawat & Bakshi 2011, Caliskan 2014, seedlings (Stihl & Persson 1991, Varelides et al 2001, Ivetić et al 2005, Loha et al 2006, Ivetić & Škorić 2013, and patterns of spatial distribution can be observed as well (Ivetić et al 2012). Variation between populations may be clinal or ecotypic and knowledge on pattern of variation is important in cases of FRM transfer.…”

Section: Provenance (Population) Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and forest reproductive material - from seed source selection to planting

Ivetić¹,

Devetaković²,

Nonić³

et al. 2016

iForest

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Relation between genetic diversity and mass production of forest reproductive material is discussed in a holistic manner. In industrial forest plantations, narrow genetic diversity is desirable and reproductive material is produced at clone level. On the other hand, in conservation forestry a wide genetic diversity is imperative. Beside management goals, a desirable level of genetic diversity is related to rotation cycle and ontogeny of tree species. Risks of failure are lower in short rotations of fast growing species. In production of slow growing species, managed in long rotations, the reduction of genetic diversity increases the risk of failure due to causes unknown or unexpected at the time of planting. This risk is additionally increased in cases of seed transfer and in conditions of climate change. Every step in production of forest reproductive material, from collection to nursery production, has an effect on genetic diversity mainly by directional selection and should be considered. This review revealed no consistent decrease of genetic diversity during forest reproductive material production and planting.

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Germination and seedling growth of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.): effects of provenance, temperature, and radicle pruning

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Early survival of Quercus ilex subspecies from different populations after infections and co‐infections by multiple Phytophthora species

Early survival of Quercus ilex subspecies from different populations after infections and co‐infections by multiple Phytophthora species

Spatial Variability of Fruit and Seedling Growth of Mindi (Melia azedarach L.) in Community Forest, West Java, Indonesia

Genetic diversity and forest reproductive material - from seed source selection to planting

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