Germination capacity of the Pochonia chlamydosporia fungus after its passage through the gastrointestinal tract of domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Valadão, Marisa Caixeta; Carvalho, Lorendane Millena de; Vieira, Ítalo Stoupa; Neves, Paulo Henrique; Ferreira, Vinícius Monteiro; Campos, Artur Kanadani; Soares, Filippe Elias de Freitas; Ferraz, Carolina Magri; Vilela, Vinícius Longo Ribeiro; Braga, Fábio Ribeiro; Araújo, Jackson Víctor de

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107936

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Finally, since all Mucor strains were isolated from avian fresh fecal samples, and showed interesting lytic activity on coccidian oocysts, it can be suggested that these strains resisted to the gastrointestinal passage in chickens and peacocks, and maintained both their germination and predatory capacities, as previously demonstrated in birds for the ovicidal fungus P. chlamydosporia 50 and larvicidal fungi D. flagrans and Monacrosporium thaumasium 51 . The fact that all Mucor isolates were obtained from feces belonging to healthy birds, allows also to suggest their innocuity to immunocompetent birds, as demonstrated by other researchers for horses 37 , sheep 20 , dogs 28 and wapitis 19 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Isolation of saprophytic filamentous fungi from avian fecal samples and assessment of its predatory activity on coccidian oocysts

Lozano

Louro

Almeida³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Fungal strains used in the biocontrol of animal gastrointestinal parasites have been mainly isolated from pasture soil, decaying organic matter, and feces from herbivores and carnivores. However, their isolation from birds and assessment of predatory activity against avian GI parasites has been scarce thus far. This research aimed to isolate filamentous fungi from avian fecal samples and evaluate their predatory activity against coccidia. A pool of 58 fecal samples from chickens, laying hens, and peacocks, previously collected between July 2020-April 2021, were used for isolation of filamentous fungi and assessment of their in vitro predatory activity against coccidian oocysts, using Water-Agar medium and coprocultures. The Willis-flotation technique was also performed to obtain concentrated suspensions of oocysts. A total of seven Mucor isolates was obtained, being the only fungal taxa identified, and all presented lytic activity against coccidia. Isolates FR3, QP2 and SJ1 had significant coccidiostatic efficacies (inhibition of sporulation) higher than 70%, while isolates FR1, QP2 and QP1 had coccidicidal efficacies (destruction of the oocysts) of 22%, 14% and 8%, respectively, after 14 days of incubation, being a gradual and time-dependent process. To our knowledge, this is the first report regarding the isolation of native predatory fungi from avian feces and demonstration of their lytic activity against coccidia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Isolation of saprophytic filamentous fungi from avian fecal samples and assessment of its predatory activity on coccidian oocysts

Lozano

Louro

Almeida³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Regarding bird parasite control, it has been revealed that P. chlamydosporia, D. flagrans, Arthrobotrys spp. and M. thaumasium are promising candidates for the biological control of helminth infections, namely in chickens, laying hens and ostriches, and also confirmed chlamydospores' tolerance to the avian GI biochemical environment [38][39][40][41][42] . Recently, Lozano et al 24 described for the first time the isolation of seven native Mucor spp.…”

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confidence: 60%

Assessing the efficacy of the ovicidal fungus Mucor circinelloides in reducing coccidia parasitism in peacocks

Lozano,

Almeida,

Vicente

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The biological control of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites using predatory fungi has been recently proposed as an accurate and sustainable approach in birds. The current study aimed to assess for the first time the efficacy of using the native ovicidal fungus Mucor circinelloides (FMV-FR1) in reducing coccidia parasitism in peacocks. For this purpose, an in vivo trial was designed in the resident peacock collection (n = 58 birds) of the São Jorge Castle, at Lisbon, Portugal. These animals presented an initial severe infection by coccidia of the genus Eimeria (20106 ± 8034 oocysts per gram of feces, OPG), and thus received commercial feed enriched with a M. circinelloides suspension (1.01 × 108 spores/kg feed), thrice-weekly. Fresh feces were collected every 15 days to calculate the coccidia shedding, using the Mini-FLOTAC technique. The same bird flock served simultaneously as control (t0 days) and test groups (t15–t90 days). The average Eimeria sp. shedding in peacocks decreased up to 92% following fungal administrations, with significant reduction efficacies of 78% (p = 0.004) and 92% (p = 0.012) after 45 and 60 days, respectively. Results from this study suggest that the administration of M. circinelloides spores to birds is an accurate solution to reduce their coccidia parasitism.

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“…A study conducted by Valadão et al [52] also aimed to test the maintenance of germination and ovicidal capacities of P. chlamydosporia (VC4) after GI transit in chickens, with an experimental design similar to the previously mentioned study. A group of 22 chickens was divided into two experimental groups: both groups received a supplementation of shredded corn for 7 days, after which only the test group started to receive the supplement inoculated with P. chlamydosporia.…”

Section: Testing the Use Of Predatory Fungi Against Avian Gi Parasite...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocontrol of Avian Gastrointestinal Parasites Using Predatory Fungi: Current Status, Challenges, and Opportunities

Lozano

Almeida²,

Oliveira

et al. 2022

Parasitologia

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This review describes the current research status regarding the implementation of predatory fungi in the biological control approach of bird gastrointestinal (GI) parasitosis. The main GI parasites of Galliformes (e.g., broilers, layers, peacocks, pheasants) and Ratites (e.g., ostriches, emus, rheas) are addressed, as well as their impact on farms, zoos, and private collections. The main characteristics regarding biocontrol with predatory fungi are briefly described, such as their mode of action and efficacy against GI parasites of different animal hosts. The state of the art regarding the use of predatory fungi in birds is reviewed here by describing all associated articles already published in the main databases, techniques, and their main findings. Ovicidal fungi such as Pochonia chlamydosporia, Metarhizium spp. and Acremonium spp., and larvicidal fungi, namely Duddingtonia flagrans, Arthrobotrys spp. and Monacrosporium thaumasium, have shown promising predacious activity against ascarid eggs and nematode larvae from chickens and ostriches, both in vitro and in vivo, also revealing tolerance to the GI passage in chickens and maintenance of predacious capacity. Further studies are needed to understand the fungi–parasite–host gut microbiota interactions and target other avian GI parasitic species, such as nematodes, coccidia, cestodes, and trematodes.

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Germination capacity of the Pochonia chlamydosporia fungus after its passage through the gastrointestinal tract of domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Isolation of saprophytic filamentous fungi from avian fecal samples and assessment of its predatory activity on coccidian oocysts

Isolation of saprophytic filamentous fungi from avian fecal samples and assessment of its predatory activity on coccidian oocysts

Assessing the efficacy of the ovicidal fungus Mucor circinelloides in reducing coccidia parasitism in peacocks

Biocontrol of Avian Gastrointestinal Parasites Using Predatory Fungi: Current Status, Challenges, and Opportunities

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