Germination Ecology of Spiny (<i>Amaranthus spinosus</i>) and Slender Amaranth (<i>A. viridis</i>): Troublesome Weeds of Direct-Seeded Rice

Chauhan, Bhagirath Singh; Johnson, David E.

doi:10.1614/ws-08-179.1

Cited by 58 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Characteristics such as size and seed composition, and species response to several environmental factors as temperature, light and germination depth can influence the difference of susceptibility to herbicides applied in the soil considering different speed and percentage of germination among species (Chauhan & Johnson, 2009). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-response curve to soil applied herbicides and susceptibility evaluation of different amaranthus species using model identity

et al. 2015

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-Greenhouse studies were conducted in [2008][2009] with the objective of adjusting dose-response curves of the main soil-applied herbicides currently used in cotton for the control of Amaranthus viridis, A. hybridus, A. spinosus, A. lividus, as well as comparing susceptibility among different species, using the identity test models. Thirty six individual experiments were simultaneously carried out in greenhouse, in a sandy clay loam soil (21% clay, 2.36% OM) combining increasing doses of the herbicides alachlor, clomazone, diuron, oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin, prometryn, S-metolachlor, and trifluralin applied to each species. Dose-response curves were adjusted for visual weed control at 28 days after herbicide application and doses required for 80% (C 80 ) and 95% (C 95 ) control were calculated. All herbicides, except clomazone and trifluralin, provided efficient control of most Amaranthus species, but substantial differences in susceptibility to herbicides were found. In general, A. lividus was the least sensitive species, whereas A. spinosus demonstrated the highest sensitivity to herbicides. Alachlor, diuron, oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin, S-metolachlor, and prometryn are efficient alternatives to control Amaranthus spp. in a range of doses that are currently lower than those recommended to cotton.Keywords: cotton, dose-response curve, pigweed, tolerance. RESUMO -Em

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-response curve to soil applied herbicides and susceptibility evaluation of different amaranthus species using model identity

et al. 2015

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“…Response of germination to light varied from species to species (Crisraudo et al, 2007;Gallagher and Cardina 1998). Seeds of some species required light to stimulate their germination (Chauhan and Johnson 2009;Chauhan and Johnson 2008b;Chauhan et al, 2006), but others germinated equally well in light and dark (Chauhan and Johnson 2008a;Teuton et al, 2004). Lynn.…”

Section: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Tausch’s Goatgrass (Aegilops tauschii Coss.) Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence

Feng¹,

Zhang²,

Wei³

et al. 2011

JAS

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Tausch's goatgrass, Aegilops tauschii (Coss.) is one of the most troublesome weeds in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) producing areas of Yellow River valley of China. The effects of environmental factors affecting seed germination and seedling emergence were evaluated in laboratory and greenhouse experiments. The germination of Tausch's goatgrass seeds occurred at temperatures ranging from 0 to 40℃, with optimum germination attained between 15 and 25℃. Tausch's goatgrass seed is rather tolerant to low water potential and high salinity stress as germination was 70% and 65% at osmotic potentials of -1.7 MPa and salinity level of 400 mM, respectively. Medium pH and light have no significant effect on seed germination. Highest emergence (>80%) occurred from depths of 1 to 3cm, but no seedlings emerged when burial depth reached 8cm. Knowledge of germination biology of Tausch's goatgrass obtained in this study will be useful in predicting the potential distribution area and developing effective management strategies for this species.

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“…Seed germination is a susceptible stage in plant life cycle and seedlings are frequently exposed to variable environmental conditions. Consequently, for weed management, all possibilities of mortality at the stage of seedling emergence should be considered (Chauhan & Johnson, 2009). Only a thorough understanding of weed ecology can bring about further improvements in current weed management practices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination ecology of Rhynchosia capitata: an emerging summer weed in Asia

et al. 2013

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-Rhynchosia capitata is becoming an increasing problem in summer crops, such as cotton, soybean, pearl millet and mungbean in many Asian countries. Laboratory and greenhouse studies have been conducted to determine the effects of several environmental factors on seed germination patterns and seedling emergence of R. capitata. We investigated whether the diverse ecological factors such as temperature, light, salinity, moisture stress, pH, and soil depth affected germination and seedling emergence of R. capitata. Germination increased as temperature increased from 25 o C and significantly reduced at 45 o C. Presence or absence of light did not influence germination. Germination of R. capitata was sensitive to increased salt and moisture stress, as well as to seed burial depth. Only 48% of seeds germinated at 150 mM salt concentration compared to 100% in control (distilled water). Similarly, 15% of seeds germinated at an osmotic potential of -0.8 MPa compared to 88% at -0.2 MPa. The optimum pH for seed germination of R. capitata was 7 (98% germination), but the seeds also germinated at lower level of pH 5 (85%) and at higher level of pH 10 (75%). In seed burial trial, maximum seedling emergence of 93% occurred at 2 cm depth, and seedling did not emerge from a depth of 12 cm. The high germination ability of R. capitata under a wide range of ecological factors suggests that this species is likely to be the one to cause more problems in a near future, if not managed appropriately.Keywords: moisture stress, pH, salinity, seedling emergence, burial depth.RESUMO -A Rhynchosia capitata vem se tornando um problema crescente para culturas de verão como algodão, soja, milheto e feijão-mungo em muitos países asiáticos. Foram feitos estudos de laboratório e estufa para determinar os efeitos de vários fatores ambientais sobre os padrões de germinação das sementes e emergência das plântulas de R. capitata. Diversos fatores ecológicos, tais como, temperatura, luz, salinidade, estresse hídrico, pH e profundidade do solo foram avaliados para saber se afetam a germinação e emergência das plântulas de R. capitata. A germinação aumentou à medida que a temperatura aumentou a partir de 25 o C e reduziu significativamente a 45 o C. A presença ou ausência de luz não influenciou a germinação. A germinação das sementes de R. capitata se mostrou sensível ao aumento dos estresses hídrico e salino, bem como à profundidade do enterrio das sementes. Apenas 48% das sementes germinaram a 150 mM de concentração salina, em comparação com 100% no controle (água destilada). Do mesmo modo, 15% das sementes germinaram a um potencial osmótico de -0,8 MPa, em comparação com 88% a -0,2 MPa. O pH ideal para a germinação de sementes de R. capitata foi 7 (98% de germinação), mas as sementes germinaram também a um nível inferior de pH 5 (85%) e superior de pH 10 (75%). No experimento de enterrio das sementes, a máxima emergência das plântulas de 93% foi a 2 cm de profundidade e as plântulas não emergiram a partir da profundidade de 12 cm. A alta capac...

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Germination Ecology of Spiny (Amaranthus spinosus) and Slender Amaranth (A. viridis): Troublesome Weeds of Direct-Seeded Rice

Cited by 58 publications

References 28 publications

Dose-response curve to soil applied herbicides and susceptibility evaluation of different amaranthus species using model identity

Dose-response curve to soil applied herbicides and susceptibility evaluation of different amaranthus species using model identity

Factors Affecting Tausch’s Goatgrass (Aegilops tauschii Coss.) Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence

Germination ecology of Rhynchosia capitata: an emerging summer weed in Asia

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