Germination, emergence, and growth of giant foxtail (<i>Setaria faberi</i>) and fall panicum (<i>Panicum dichotomiflorum</i>)

Fausey, Jason C.; Renner, Karen A.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500093097

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Giant foxtail and redroot pigweed emergence was similar when seeds were sown on the surface or at a 0.5-cm depth (data not shown). Wiese and Davis (1987) and Siriwardana and Zimdahl (1983) concluded that 1 cm was optimal for redroot pigweed emergence, whereas in previous research, emergence of giant foxtail was greatest at a 1 cm depth (Fausey and Renner 1997).…”

Section: -----------------------------------------------------------Nmentioning

confidence: 82%

Feeding Preferences of Weed Seed Predators and Effect on Weed Emergence

et al. 2007

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We determined feeding preferences of invertebrate seed predators and the effect of seed predation on weed emergence. Feeding choice studies were completed with three species of common ground beetles: (Amara aeneaDeGeer,Anisodactylus sanctaecrucisF., andHarpalus pensylvanicusDeGeer) (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and the northern field cricket (Gryllus pennsylvanicusDeGeer) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae).Anisodactylus sanctaecrucis,H. pensylvanicus, and the female and maleG. pennsylvanicusconsumed more redroot pigweed seeds compared with giant foxtail seeds;A. aeneaseed consumption did not differ between these two weed species. All invertebrates consumed fewer velvetleaf seeds compared with redroot pigweed and giant foxtail seeds; however, when seed biomass was compared,A. aeneaconsumed similar biomass of velvetleaf, giant foxtail, and redroot pigweed, whereasA. sanctaecrucisandH. pensylvanicusconsumed greater biomass of velvetleaf compared with giant foxtail seed. Seed burial depths of 0.5 or 1.0 cm reduced redroot pigweed and giant foxtail seed consumption byA. aeneaandA. sanctaecrucisbut not by the larger carabid beetle,H. pensylvanicus. In a greenhouse study,A. sanctaecrucisdecreased total weed emergence by 15%, andG. pennsylvanicusfemales and males decreased weed emergence by 16 and 5%, respectively. Emergence of redroot pigweed, but not velvetleaf or giant foxtail, decreased whenA. sanctaecrucisand the maleG. pennsylvanicuswere present, whereas the emergence of all three weed species decreased in the presence of the femaleG. pennsylvanicus. In field experiments, vertebrate access to velvetleaf seeds reduced emergence from 4 to 9% across field sites; invertebrate access reduced emergence 4 to 6%. Vertebrate access to giant foxtail seeds reduced emergence 3 to 7%, and invertebrate access reduced emergence 4 to 13%. These results suggest that predation of weed seeds by both vertebrates and invertebrates may reduce weed emergence and influence the weed community.

show abstract

Section: -----------------------------------------------------------Nmentioning

confidence: 82%

Feeding Preferences of Weed Seed Predators and Effect on Weed Emergence

et al. 2007

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Allelopathic chemicals rarely kill seeds before germination but can act as one of the several factors preventing successful emergence. Many factors associated with tillage promote germination, including exposure to light (Sauer and Struik 1964), increased diurnal temperature fluctuations (Fausey and Renner 1997; Henson 1970), and the venting of volatile germination inhibitors (Holm 1972), and these processes can deplete seedbanks. However, these processes will act about equally whether residues are incorporated during tillage or not.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Incorporated Rye and Hairy Vetch Cover Crop Residue on the Persistence of Weed Seeds in the Soil

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Incorporation of cover crop residue into the soil has been suggested as a means for reducing weed seedbanks. To explore this hypothesis, we buried mesh bags of seeds mixed with sand at 15-cm depth in late fall in plots that had been planted with rye (Secale cerealeL.) or hairy vetch (Vicia villosaRoth.) or left unplanted. Separate bags contained either velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedik.), giant foxtail (Setaria faberiHerrm.), Powell amaranth (Amaranthus powelliiS. Watson), or common lambsquarters (Chenopodium albumL.). The experiment used a randomized complete block design with five replications, and enough bags were buried to allow a final recovery in each of the following three springs. Each spring, bags were exhumed, and seeds were either counted and tested for viability or mixed with chopped cover crop material or simply stirred for control bags, and the material was reburied. The experiment was completed twice with initial burials in fall of 2011 and 2013. Rye had no consistent effect on persistence of seeds of any of the species. For two observation intervals, rye increased persistence of a species; for another two intervals, it decreased persistence relative to the control; but mostly rye did not affect persistence. Hairy vetch decreased persistence ofC. albumandA. powelliiin both runs of the experiment but had no effect on persistence ofA. theophrastiandS. faberi. Germination of the first two species is promoted by nitrate, whereasA. theophrastigermination is not sensitive to nitrate, andS. faberiis only rarely nitrate sensitive. We suggest that nitrate released during decomposition of hairy vetch may have promoted fatal germination ofC. albumandA. powellii. Incorporation of legume cover crops like hairy vetch may provide a means for decreasing the seedbanks of the many weed species whose germination is promoted by nitrate. The lack of any reduction ofA. theophrastiandS. faberiseed persistence in response to hairy vetch and the inconsistent and mostly negligible effect of rye indicate that a general increase in readily decomposable organic matter through incorporation of cover crops may be ineffective at reducing weed seedbanks.

show abstract

“…Fall panicum, a member of the Poaceae family, native to eastern United States and West Indies (Bryson and DeFelice 2009), is the most prevalent and difficult to control annual grass weed in Florida sugarcane (Odero et al 2014). It is a prolific seed producer, and a single plant can produce 10,000 to more than 100,000 seeds depending on plant size (Fausey and Renner 1997; Govinthasamy and Cavers 1995). The variation in fall panicum seed quantity is attributed to seed shattering soon after ripening, which makes estimation of seed number difficult (Govinthasamy and Cavers 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Response of Fall Panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum) Populations in Florida Sugarcane to Asulam

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sugarcane growers in Florida have been reporting reduced control of fall panicum with asulam, the main herbicide used for POST grass control. Therefore, outside container experiments were conducted to determine the response of four fall panicum populations from Florida to asulam applied alone and to evaluate whether tank-mix combination with trifloxysulfuron enhances control. Asulam was applied at 230 to 7,400 g ai ha−1, corresponding to 1/16 to 2X the maximum labeled rate for a single application in sugarcane, with or without combination with trifloxysulfuron at 16 g ai ha−1. Three fall panicum populations were collected from fields in which reduced control had been reported, while one population was from a field not used for sugarcane production but adjacent to a sugarcane field. The potency of asulam based on ED50values (the rate required to cause 50% dry weight reduction at 28 d after treatment) ranged from 2,249 to 5,412 g ha−1for tolerant populations with reported reduced fall panicum control compared with 1,808 g ha−1for the susceptible population from the field not used for sugarcane production, showing that the latter was most sensitive to asulam. Addition of trifloxysulfuron to asulam increased potency on fall panicum by 5- to 15-fold, indicating that the tank mix enhanced dry weight reduction for all populations. The probability of fall panicum survival (regrowth after aboveground biomass harvesting) at the labeled rate of asulam ranged from 2% to 47% compared with 0% to 6% when trifloxysulfuron was added to the tank mix. Our results show differential response of fall panicum populations in Florida to asulam, which can be overcome by tank mixing with trifloxysulfuron even for populations that are difficult to control in sugarcane, but no evolution of resistance to asulam.

show abstract

Germination, emergence, and growth of giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) and fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum)

Cited by 34 publications

References 8 publications

Feeding Preferences of Weed Seed Predators and Effect on Weed Emergence

Feeding Preferences of Weed Seed Predators and Effect on Weed Emergence

Effects of Incorporated Rye and Hairy Vetch Cover Crop Residue on the Persistence of Weed Seeds in the Soil

Differential Response of Fall Panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum) Populations in Florida Sugarcane to Asulam

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About